Paul Kelly is Professor of Political Theory at the London School of Economics and a former Pro-Director of LSE. He is the author and editor of sixteen books and edited collections and has published numerous scholarly articles. His interests span political theory and philosophy and the history of thought. He has edited and co-edited the journals Utilitas and Political Studies and co-founded Political Studies Review. His most recent books include Political Thinkers with David Boucher, and he is currently working on a book entitled Against Post Liberalism for Polity Press.

• Preface and acknowledgements1 Introduction Conflict war revolution and the character of politicsTexts contexts thoughts or thinkersTraditions are not necessarily historicistWhere are the womenOverview of the argumentPart I Conflict war and government before the state era2 Thucydides The naturalness of warExplaining the Peloponnesian WarPericlean liberalismThucydidean realismDemocracy war and stasis3 Augustine of Hippo The problem of peace in a violent worldDivine order Jerusalem to RomeAugustine of HippoSin and evilThe two cities an Augustinian theory of government and politicsJustice and the EmpirePeace and political orderThe legitimation of violence and just warChristianity Augustinianism and international politics4 Niccolò Machiavelli Politics and the use of violenceLife and timesThought theory and worksFlorence Italy and the wider worldTeacher of wickedness Machiavelli’s new science of politicsViolence war and reason of stateThe long shadow of Machiavelli5 Thomas Hobbes Solving the problem of conflictTwo lives of Thomas HobbesThe theory of human natureThe creation of the sovereignAbsolutism and the Christian CommonwealthThe Hobbesian tradition in international relationsWhy internationalising Leviathan is not possiblePart II War revolution and competition between states6 John Locke Liberalism and the externalisation of conflictLiving in interesting times Locke’s political lifeThe state of nature natural law punishment and warProperty territory colonies and conquestPolitical society consent and revolutionLocke’s legacy in international theory7 Jean-Jacques Rousseau The threat of the international orderThe life and writings of an extraordinary thinkerThe Enlightenment and the eighteenth century international orderThe Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and the evil contractThe Social ContractRousseauean international relations Corsica and PolandRousseau’s complex legacyConclusion8 Carl von Clausewitz The professionalisation of warLife and careerPrussia and political theory On War in contextThe problem of Clausewitz’s On WarThe object of enquiry what is warThe two versions of the trinityThe means the practical conduct of warThe legacy of On War9 Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong Revolution violence and warTwo revolutionary livesMarx the essentialsLenin and the party what is to be doneCapitalism imperialism and the nationThe state and revolution Lenin and violenceRevolution and the challenge of imperialism the development of Mao’s LeninismViolence and the conduct of revolutionGuerrilla warsLeninism and Maoism in the modern eraConclusion imperialism party politics and war10 Carl Schmitt The danger of the international liberal orderSchmitt life and workAnti liberalismThe Concept of the PoliticalThe Nomos of the Earth and International LawThe PartisanSchmitt in contemporary international theoryConclusion11 Conclusion Realisms in international political theoryThe Westphalian systemInternational political theory as critiqueThe realist turn in political theoryLegitimacy violence and the site of politicsConclusionReferencesLSE Press Suggestions for finding open access texts for the major authors covered in Conflict War and RevolutionIndex

Paul Kelly is Professor of Political Theory at the London School of Economics and a former Pro-Director of LSE. He is the author and editor of sixteen books and edited collections and has published numerous scholarly articles. His interests span political theory and philosophy and the history of thought. He has edited and co-edited the journals Utilitas and Political Studies and co-founded Political Studies Review. His most recent books include Political Thinkers with David Boucher, and he is currently working on a book entitled Against Post Liberalism for Polity Press.

• Preface and acknowledgements1 Introduction Conflict war revolution and the character of politicsTexts contexts thoughts or thinkersTraditions are not necessarily historicistWhere are the womenOverview of the argumentPart I Conflict war and government before the state era2 Thucydides The naturalness of warExplaining the Peloponnesian WarPericlean liberalismThucydidean realismDemocracy war and stasis3 Augustine of Hippo The problem of peace in a violent worldDivine order Jerusalem to RomeAugustine of HippoSin and evilThe two cities an Augustinian theory of government and politicsJustice and the EmpirePeace and political orderThe legitimation of violence and just warChristianity Augustinianism and international politics4 Niccolò Machiavelli Politics and the use of violenceLife and timesThought theory and worksFlorence Italy and the wider worldTeacher of wickedness Machiavelli’s new science of politicsViolence war and reason of stateThe long shadow of Machiavelli5 Thomas Hobbes Solving the problem of conflictTwo lives of Thomas HobbesThe theory of human natureThe creation of the sovereignAbsolutism and the Christian CommonwealthThe Hobbesian tradition in international relationsWhy internationalising Leviathan is not possiblePart II War revolution and competition between states6 John Locke Liberalism and the externalisation of conflictLiving in interesting times Locke’s political lifeThe state of nature natural law punishment and warProperty territory colonies and conquestPolitical society consent and revolutionLocke’s legacy in international theory7 Jean-Jacques Rousseau The threat of the international orderThe life and writings of an extraordinary thinkerThe Enlightenment and the eighteenth century international orderThe Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and the evil contractThe Social ContractRousseauean international relations Corsica and PolandRousseau’s complex legacyConclusion8 Carl von Clausewitz The professionalisation of warLife and careerPrussia and political theory On War in contextThe problem of Clausewitz’s On WarThe object of enquiry what is warThe two versions of the trinityThe means the practical conduct of warThe legacy of On War9 Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong Revolution violence and warTwo revolutionary livesMarx the essentialsLenin and the party what is to be doneCapitalism imperialism and the nationThe state and revolution Lenin and violenceRevolution and the challenge of imperialism the development of Mao’s LeninismViolence and the conduct of revolutionGuerrilla warsLeninism and Maoism in the modern eraConclusion imperialism party politics and war10 Carl Schmitt The danger of the international liberal orderSchmitt life and workAnti liberalismThe Concept of the PoliticalThe Nomos of the Earth and International LawThe PartisanSchmitt in contemporary international theoryConclusion11 Conclusion Realisms in international political theoryThe Westphalian systemInternational political theory as critiqueThe realist turn in political theoryLegitimacy violence and the site of politicsConclusionReferencesLSE Press Suggestions for finding open access texts for the major authors covered in Conflict War and RevolutionIndex

Paul Kelly is Professor of Political Theory at the London School of Economics and a former Pro-Director of LSE. He is the author and editor of sixteen books and edited collections and has published numerous scholarly articles. His interests span political theory and philosophy and the history of thought. He has edited and co-edited the journals Utilitas and Political Studies and co-founded Political Studies Review. His most recent books include Political Thinkers with David Boucher, and he is currently working on a book entitled Against Post Liberalism for Polity Press.

• Preface and acknowledgements1 Introduction Conflict war revolution and the character of politicsTexts contexts thoughts or thinkersTraditions are not necessarily historicistWhere are the womenOverview of the argumentPart I Conflict war and government before the state era2 Thucydides The naturalness of warExplaining the Peloponnesian WarPericlean liberalismThucydidean realismDemocracy war and stasis3 Augustine of Hippo The problem of peace in a violent worldDivine order Jerusalem to RomeAugustine of HippoSin and evilThe two cities an Augustinian theory of government and politicsJustice and the EmpirePeace and political orderThe legitimation of violence and just warChristianity Augustinianism and international politics4 Niccolò Machiavelli Politics and the use of violenceLife and timesThought theory and worksFlorence Italy and the wider worldTeacher of wickedness Machiavelli’s new science of politicsViolence war and reason of stateThe long shadow of Machiavelli5 Thomas Hobbes Solving the problem of conflictTwo lives of Thomas HobbesThe theory of human natureThe creation of the sovereignAbsolutism and the Christian CommonwealthThe Hobbesian tradition in international relationsWhy internationalising Leviathan is not possiblePart II War revolution and competition between states6 John Locke Liberalism and the externalisation of conflictLiving in interesting times Locke’s political lifeThe state of nature natural law punishment and warProperty territory colonies and conquestPolitical society consent and revolutionLocke’s legacy in international theory7 Jean-Jacques Rousseau The threat of the international orderThe life and writings of an extraordinary thinkerThe Enlightenment and the eighteenth century international orderThe Discourse on the Origin of Inequality and the evil contractThe Social ContractRousseauean international relations Corsica and PolandRousseau’s complex legacyConclusion8 Carl von Clausewitz The professionalisation of warLife and careerPrussia and political theory On War in contextThe problem of Clausewitz’s On WarThe object of enquiry what is warThe two versions of the trinityThe means the practical conduct of warThe legacy of On War9 Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong Revolution violence and warTwo revolutionary livesMarx the essentialsLenin and the party what is to be doneCapitalism imperialism and the nationThe state and revolution Lenin and violenceRevolution and the challenge of imperialism the development of Mao’s LeninismViolence and the conduct of revolutionGuerrilla warsLeninism and Maoism in the modern eraConclusion imperialism party politics and war10 Carl Schmitt The danger of the international liberal orderSchmitt life and workAnti liberalismThe Concept of the PoliticalThe Nomos of the Earth and International LawThe PartisanSchmitt in contemporary international theoryConclusion11 Conclusion Realisms in international political theoryThe Westphalian systemInternational political theory as critiqueThe realist turn in political theoryLegitimacy violence and the site of politicsConclusionReferencesLSE Press Suggestions for finding open access texts for the major authors covered in Conflict War and RevolutionIndex