Cody T. Havard is a Professor of Sport Commerce and the Director of Research in the Kemmons Wilson School at The University of Memphis, USA. He is also the Director of the Bureau of Sport and Leisure Commerce and producer/host of the Being a Fan of Disney Podcast with Cody T. Havard, Ph.D. Dr. Havard researches the rivalry phenomenon in and out of sport to better understand group member behavior and its impact on society.

• Chapter 1: Group Behavior and Negativity: Why Comparisons are Needed.- Chapter 2: Investigating Perceptions of Out-groups in Sport and United States Politics.- Chapter 3: Rivalry and Group Behavior in Sport and Religious Brands.- Chapter 4: Revisiting the Hierarchy of Out-group Derogation and the Out-group Derogation Spectrum.- Chapter 5: Shared Perspectives: Can Common Interests Help Decrease Out-group Derogation?.- Chapter 6: Continuing the Journey.

Cody T. Havard is a Professor of Sport Commerce and the Director of Research in the Kemmons Wilson School at The University of Memphis, USA. He is also the Director of the Bureau of Sport and Leisure Commerce and producer/host of the Being a Fan of Disney Podcast with Cody T. Havard, Ph.D. Dr. Havard researches the rivalry phenomenon in and out of sport to better understand group member behavior and its impact on society.

• Chapter 1: Group Behavior and Negativity: Why Comparisons are Needed.- Chapter 2: Investigating Perceptions of Out-groups in Sport and United States Politics.- Chapter 3: Rivalry and Group Behavior in Sport and Religious Brands.- Chapter 4: Revisiting the Hierarchy of Out-group Derogation and the Out-group Derogation Spectrum.- Chapter 5: Shared Perspectives: Can Common Interests Help Decrease Out-group Derogation?.- Chapter 6: Continuing the Journey.

Cody T. Havard is a Professor of Sport Commerce and the Director of Research in the Kemmons Wilson School at The University of Memphis, USA. He is also the Director of the Bureau of Sport and Leisure Commerce and producer/host of the Being a Fan of Disney Podcast with Cody T. Havard, Ph.D. Dr. Havard researches the rivalry phenomenon in and out of sport to better understand group member behavior and its impact on society.

• Chapter 1: Group Behavior and Negativity: Why Comparisons are Needed.- Chapter 2: Investigating Perceptions of Out-groups in Sport and United States Politics.- Chapter 3: Rivalry and Group Behavior in Sport and Religious Brands.- Chapter 4: Revisiting the Hierarchy of Out-group Derogation and the Out-group Derogation Spectrum.- Chapter 5: Shared Perspectives: Can Common Interests Help Decrease Out-group Derogation?.- Chapter 6: Continuing the Journey.