Infective Endocarditis

Gosta Pettersson, MDVice Chairman and Section Head Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryHeart and Vascular InstituteCleveland Clinic Paul Cremer, MDStaff Cardiovascular MedicineHeart and Vascular InstituteCleveland Clinic Steven Gordon, MDChairman Infectious DiseaseMedicine InstituteCleveland Clinic Brian Griffin, MDStaff and Section Head Cardiovascular MedicineHeart and Vascular InstituteCleveland Clinic  Nabin Shrestha, MDInfectious DiseaseMedicine InstituteCleveland Clinic Shinya Unai, MDCardiovascular SurgeryCleveland Clinic

• Part I: Epidemiology and Team-Based Care.- Introduction.- Natural history and evolution of the Treatment of Endocarditis.- Epidemiology of endocarditis, past and present.- Pathogens and virulence and virulence factor.- Pathology.- Multidisciplinary Team Approach to Management of Endocarditis:  A Team of Teams.- Part II: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis.- Common and Uncommon Pathogens causing Infectious Endocarditis.- Basic Science aspects on the Pathophysiology of Infectious Endocarditis.- Pathology and Histopathology of Infective Endocarditis.- Infective Endocarditis: Which are the differences related to affected valve and organism.- Clinical Presentation of Infecive Endocarditis.- Microbiological Testing.- Cardiac Imaging in the diagnosis of Infective endocarditis.- Neurologic Complications, presentation and diagnosis.- Role of neuro-interventions and surgery for infectious brain complications.- Renal manifestations in the setting of infective endocarditis.- Part III: Management for Infectious Endocarditis.- Guidelines for Infective Endocarditis.- Combined Antimicrobial Therapy for Infective Endocarditis.- Indications and timing of surgery (including indications for extra cardiac infectious foci).- Medical Management of Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis.- Pre-operative Evaluation and Work-up and of the patient with Infective Endocarditis requiring Surgery.- Non-surgical treatment of large tricuspid valve vegetations.- Part IV: Surgery for Infectious Endocarditis.- Pre-operative check list in endocarditis patients.- Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Cardiac Surgical Patient with Infective Endocarditis.- Perioperative Hemodynamic and Hemostasis Management.- Cardiopulmonary Bypass Approach for Endocarditis.- General Principles for Surgical Treatment of Infective Endocarditis.- Aortic root replacement with cryopreserved allograft for endocarditis.- Alternatives to Allografts for Aortic Endocarditis: Bioprosthetic and Mechanical Valves.- Surgery for Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Focus on Repair and Reconstruction.- Reconstruction of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract in patients with destruction of the Intervalvular Fibrosa, the “Commando Operation”.- The Hemi-Commando Procedure for Endocarditis of the Aortic Root & Aortomitral Fibrosa.- Surgery for right-sided endocarditis - How to avoid replacing the tricuspid valve.- Role of pulmonary vegetectomy in right sided endocarditis. Lessons learned from a tertiary center experience.- Lead Management for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Pa-tients Requiring Cardiac Surgery for Infective Endocarditis.- Postoperative intensive care after surgery for infectious endocarditis.- Part V: Follow up and Prevention of infectious endocarditis.- Prognosis and Follow up in Infective Endocarditis.- Infectious Endocarditis: Prevention and antibiotic prophylaxis.- Should the risk of infectious endocarditis impact the choice of prosthesis for non-infectious valve pathologies?.- Part VI: Special Populations.- 'Treating Substance Use Disorder Problems in the Endocarditis Patient.- Surgery for infectious endocarditis in patients on dialysis.- Lead Management for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Patients Requiring Cardiac Surgery for Infective Endocarditis.- Thoracic Aorta and Graft Infections.- Management of peripheral mycotic aneurysms and Use of deep femoral vein in patients with aortic infections.- Management of Splenic Abscess in Patients with Infective Endocarditis.- Endocarditis in Children and Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.- Infectious Endocarditis after TAVR.- Ventricular assist device infections.- Mycobacterium chimaera: Infections after Open Heart Surgery.- Part VII: Past and Future directions.- The Evolution of Surgical Treatment of Infective Endocarditis. My personal perspective!.