This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Arithmetic of Finite Fields, WAIFI 2024, held in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, during June 10–12, 2024.The 17 full papers  included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 29 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Invited talks; Coding theory; Cryptography and Boolean functions; and Postquantum Cryptography.