Carlos Mejía-Monasterio is a Professor of Physics and Mathematics at the Technical University of Madrid, Spain. His research lies at the intersection between statistical physics, dynamical systems and stochastic processes, with significant contributions to nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. His work explores how macroscopic phenomena emerge from microscopic dynamics, covering topics such as low-dimensional transport, nonequilibrium fluctuations, stochastic thermodynamics, active transport, and interacting particle systems. Lamberto Rondoni is Professor of Mathematical Physics at Politecnico di Torino, Italy. He specializes in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and its applications across science and technology. He has contributed to the development of the theory of fluctuations and the theory of response to perturbations for nonequilibrium systems, with applications ranging from nanotechnology to climate science. He has also worked on kinetic theory and transport phenomena. He is interested in the foundations of Physics, in the theory of equivalence of ensembles and in the relation between deterministic and stochastic models. He has published various popular essays.

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• 1. Introduction.- 2. Hydrodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics.- 3. The Brownian motion and its legacy.- 4. Energy equipartition, virial theorem and Boyle’s law.- 5. Probabilities in phase space.- 6. Linear response theory.