Spastic Forms of Cerebral Palsy

Prof. Adriano Ferrari is a highly accomplished professor of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine with over 40 years of experience in the field. After receiving his degree in Medicine and Surgery with honors from the University of Parma in 1975, he went on to specialize in Neurology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation at the same university. He began his career as a researcher at the Neurological Clinic at the University of Parma in 1975, and later served as the Director of the Child Rehabilitation Centre in Parma and the Director of Child Neuropsychiatry in Scandiano (Reggio Emilia).In 1995, Prof. Ferrari became the Director of the Regional Reference Centre for Childhood Rehabilitation in Reggio Emilia, where he remained until 2006. During this time, he was also a teacher of Rehabilitation Medicine at various scientific institutions and health services for kinesis therapists, psychomotor therapists, occupational therapists, physiatrists, neurologists, and child neuropsychiatrists.In 2006, he was appointed as a Full Professor of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, where he also served as the President of the Physiotherapy Graduate Degree Program and the Director of the Specialization Program in Childhood Rehabilitation and Research Methodology. Throughout his career, he has also taught childhood seminars for Rehabilitation Medicine in cerebral palsy, neuromuscular disease, and spina bifida in various European scientific institutions and universities, including those in Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, and others.As an expert in the field, Prof. Ferrari served as a reviewer for various publications, including the Journal of Paediatric Rehabilitation and the European Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Additionally, he has been the Director of “Tecnica Ortopedica Internazionale,” a specialized journal focused on orthoses, prostheses, and other devices used to assist with motion deficiencies.His expertise in childhood rehabilitation has also led to his appointment as the Coordinator of the Childhood Rehabilitation Section of the Scientific Society of Physiatrists. He has authored over 250 scientific publications in Italian and international journals, as well as university textbooks translated into multiple languages, all of which focus on neurological disabling pathologies.He has been invited to speak at over 800 seminars both in Italy and abroad on childhood neurorehabilitation. His knowledge and experience have also led him to become a patent holder of innovative orthoses and walking devices specifically designed for disabled children.Finally, he also served as the Coordinator and first investigator of Research Projects financed by the Italian Ministry of Health and other national and international Institutions, helping to advance the field of rehabilitation medicine and improve outcomes for patients.Prof. Giovanni Cioni, is former Full Professor of Child Neurology and Psychiatry at the University of Pisa and currently fulltime Scientific Director of IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, National Biomedical Research Hospital for neurodevelopmental disorders, located in Calambrone (Pisa, Italy). Born in Pistoia, Tuscany (Italy), he received MD at the University of Florence and Specializations in Child Neurology and Psychiatry and in Rehabilitation Medicine at the University of Pisa and training in child neurology and rehabilitation in many Centres in Europe. He is also former Chair of the European Academy of Childhood-onset Disability (EACD), member of many other scientific societies, in the field of child neurology and neurorehabilitation, and in the board of several scientific journals. He is also President of the General Movements Tutors Association. He has received many awards in his career among which the Heinz Prechtl Award for Developmental Neurology in 2003, the Danish Society for Cerebral Palsy award in 2011, the Castang Award for Developmental Disabilities in 2016, the  Karel and Berta Bobath International Award in 2018.Prof. Cioni has also been the principal investigator or coordinator of local units for various research projects of the Italian Ministry of Health, as well in projects supported by national and international organizations such as the European Union, Italian Telethon, National Banks and other.His main research topics are child’s motor development and its disorders; rehabilitation of developmental motor disorders including the new approached based on action observation therapy; advanced neuroimaging techniques, including ultra-high field MR, applied to child neurology; new approaches to neurological evaluation of newborns and young infants; short- and long-term follow-up of the newborn at risk for a neurological damage; maturation of the child’s perceptual systems and their disorders; central visual disorders in children; use of digital technology (including ICT, robotics and biomechatronic toys…)  to improve early diagnosis and rehabilitation, especially in congenital motor disorders. He has been author or co-author of more than 500 scientific works, among which more than 350 in international peer-reviewed journals, books and chapters of books of international publishers.

• Part I Nature of the defect.- Cerebral palsy detection: from John Little to the present.- Guide to the interpretation of cerebral palsy.- Part II Function analysis.- Functional diagnosis in infants and in very young children: early predictive signs.- Motor defects and deficits.- Perceptive defects.- Praxic organization disorders.- Visual and oculomotor disorders.- Neuropsychological evaluation.- Emotional, behavioral and social disorders in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.- Observing interactions.- Part III Classification of spastic syndromes and clinical forms.- Critical aspects of traditional classifications.- Kinematic classification.- Tetraplegic clinical forms.- Dysperceptive clinical forms.- Diplegic clinical forms.- Hemiparetic clinical forms.-  Part IV Rehabilitation of spastic forms.- The rehabilitation concept in cerebral palsy.- The posture treatment in tetraplegic forms.- The gait treatment in diplegic forms.- The manipulation treatment in hemiplegic forms.- The combined treatment (drugs, orthoses and aids, functional surgery, assistive technologies.- Family centred or child centred approach?.- Semeiotics manoeuvres.- Rational glossary.