Essentials of Lithium Metal Batteries

Yuegang Zhang received the B.S. and the M.S. degrees in Physics from Tsinghua University. In 1996, he obtained the Ph.D. degree in Materials Sciences from the University of Tokyo. Since then, he conducted research as a researcher at NEC Fundamental Research Laboratories, a senior researcher at Intel Corporation, a career staff scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and a researcher at Chinese Academy of Sciences, before he joined Tsinghua University as a full-time tenured professor in 2017. His current research interests include nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, in-situ characterizations, and electrochemical energy storage technologies.

• 1. INTRODUCTION1.1. History of lithium battery1.2. Lithium metal1.3. Application requirements for lithium batteries1.3.1. Specific capacity and energy density1.3.2. Charge/discharge rate1.3.3. Cycle life1.4. Challenges of energy density and safety of lithium metal batteries 2. LITHIUM METAL BATTERY FUNDAMENTALS2.1. Working principle of lithium battery2.1.1. Lithium ion battery2.1.2. Lithium metal battery2.2. Cathode material of lithium battery2.2.1. Crystal structure and physical process of lithium ion intercalation2.2.2. Embedded and conversion cathode materials2.2.3. High nickel and cobalt free cathode materials2.3. Anode material of lithium battery2.3.1. Graphite material2.3.2. Silicon carbon negative electrode2.3.3. Lithium metal negative electrode2.4. Lithium battery electrolyte and solid electrolyte2.4.1. liquid electrolyte2.4.2. Solid electrolyte2.4.3. Hybrid electrolyte2.5. Dendrite formation & Electrode electrolyte interface 3. TEST AND CHARACTERIZATION TECHNOLOGY OF LITHIUM METAL BATTERY3.1. Electrochemical analysis: Cyclic voltammetry3.2. Electrochemical analysis: Constant current and constant voltage methods3.3. Electrochemical analysis: AC impedance spectrum analysis3.4. X-ray diffraction analysis3.5. Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy3.6. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy3.7. Synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectrum3.8. Electron microscopy 4. DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF PRACTICAL LITHIUM METAL BATTERY4.1. Practical cell design4.2. Cell manufacturing process4.3. Battery pack design4.4. Battery safety performance evaluation 5 PROSPECT OF FUTURE BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES5.1. Ultra high energy density lithium metal battery5.2. All solid state lithium metal battery5.3. Lithium sulfur & lithium air batteries5.4. Other metal batteries (magnesium battery, zinc battery, etc.)5.5. Lithium metal battery industry