Dr. Constantin A. Bona is a professor of microbiology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York. Over the past decade he has investigated many aspects of idiotype network regulation of the immune response to both foreign and self antigens. He has been elected to many scientific and professional organizations including the American Association of Immunology and the Harvey Society, served in an editorial capacity for several journals, and authored and edited a number of volumes devoted to immunology and the idiotype network., Dr. Francisco A. Bonilla received his MD degree from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and a PhD in biomedical science from the City University of New York. He was board certified in general pediatrics after completing his residency at the Floating Hospital for Infants and Children, Boston. Following a clinical fellowship in allergy/immunology, he is now a member of the faculty in the Division of Immunology at The Children's Hospital, Boston.

• Preface, Acknowledgments, Preface to the First Edition, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION, Chapter 2 CELLS AND ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, Cells of the Immune System, Markers of cellular differentiation, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes and macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, Other lymphoid cells, Failures of lymphocyte development, Lymphoid Organs, Central lymphoid organs, Peripheral lymphoid organs, Chapter 3 ANTIGENS, Antigenicity, Immunogenicity, and Tolerogenicity, Antigenic determinants (epitopes), Specificity and cross-reactivity, Functional classification of antigens, Factors influencing immunogenicity vs tolerogenicity, Adjuvants, Chapter 4 IMMUNOGLOBULINS, Immunoglobulin Genes, Ig gene organization, Ig gene rearrangement, Antibody diversity, Immunoglobulin gene transcription, Immunoglobulin Proteins, The four chain unit, The combining site, The hinge region, Carbohydrate, Immunoglobulin classes, Proteolysis of antibodies, Antigenic determinants of immunoglobulins, Biological Properties of Immunoglobulins, V region functions, Constant region functions, Monoclonal Antibodies, Clinical Uses of Immunoglobulins, Polyclonal antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies, Chapter 5 B CELLS AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY, B Cell Development, Antigen-independent B cell development, Allelic exclusion, Antigen-dependent B cell development, Immunoglobulin class-switching, Membrane bound vs secreted Ig, Clonal distribution of B cells, Characteristics of Mature B Cells, The immunoglobulin receptor, B cell CD antigens, B cell subsets, Humoral Immunity, B cell activation by antigen, Type 1 antigens, Type 2 antigens, TD antigens, B cell activation by immunoglobulins, Cellular events in B cell activation, Immunologic Memory, The primary immune response, The secondary immune response, Ig V gene usage in primary and secondary responses, B cell development in lymphoid tissues, Theories regarding the regulation of antibody production, Idiotype network theory, Clinical applications of idiotypes, Abnormalities of B Cell Development, Genetic defects, Monoclonal gammopathies, Partial antibody deficiencies, Chapter 6 T CELLS: REGULATION AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY, The T Cell Antigen Receptor (TCR), Genes encoding the TCR, Regulation of TCR gene expression, The TCR-CD3 complex, TCR1 and TCR2 define two principal T cell lineages, The T cell co-receptors CD4 and CD8, T Cell Development, The prethymic phase, The thymic phase, Development of y6 cells, Cytokines and T cell differentiation, The mature phase, Characteristics of Mature T Cells, T cell subsets, T Cell Activation, T cell accessory molecules, T cell activation by antigen, Activation of cytotoxic T cells, T cell mitogens, Superantigens, Memory T cells, Cellular Regulation of Immune Responses, Positive regulation, Negative regulation: suppression, Cell-Mediated Immunity, Cytotoxicity, Delayed type hypersensitivity, Defects of Cellular Immunity, In vitro assessment of T cell function, Congenital T cell immunodeficiencies, X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency, Other T cell activation defects, SOLUBLE MEDIATORS OF CELLULAR COOPERATION:, THE CYTOKINES, Interleukin 1, Interleukin 2, Interleukin 3, Interleukin 4, Interleukin 5, Interleukin 6, Interleukin 7, Interleukin 8, Interleukin 9, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 11, Interleukin 12, Interleukin 13, Interleukin 14, Interleukin 15, Tumor necrosis factors, Colony-stimulating factors, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Interferons, Type 1 interferon (IFN-α and IFN-β), Type 2 interferon (IFN-γ), Transforming growth factor α, Cytokine receptor families, Membrane cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors, Cytokines in the nervous system, Cytokines in the endocrine system, THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX, Classes, Genetics, and Structure of Histocompatibility Antigens, Class I molecules, Class II molecules, Class III molecules, The immunoglobulin gene superfamily, MHC specificities and haplotypes, Functions of MHC Molecules, Antigen presentation, Antigen-presenting cells, Pathways of antigen processing, The MHC and immune responsiveness, Transplantation, Chapter 8, MHC and Disease, Diseases associated with specific haplotypes, Congenital defects of MHC antigens, Chapter 9 IMMUNOLOGIC TOLERANCE, Mechanisms of Tolerance, T cell tolerance, Apoptosis, B cell tolerance, Pseudotolerance, Suppression, Breaking tolerance, Immunosuppression, Chapter 10 HOST DEFENSE I: NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY, Constitutional Resistance, Preventing Entry, Humoral Factors, The complement system, The acute phase response, Phagocytosis, Adhesion molecules, Chemotaxis, Attachment, Ingestion, Degranulation, Intracellular killing, Activation, Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), Phagocyte deficiencies, Phagocyte defects, Chapter 11 HOST DEFENSE II: ACQUIRED IMMUNITY, Anti-Microbial Immunity, Immune Responses Against Viruses, Intrinsic resistance, Local immunity, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Bacteria, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Fungi, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Parasites, Immune Responses Against Protozoa, Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, Anti-Helminth Immunity, Schistosomiasis, Microbial Evasion of Host Defenses, Seclusion, Evasion of humoral effector mechanisms, Evasion of cellular effector mechanisms, Immune suppression, Immunoprophylaxis of infections, Immune Responses Against Neoplasms, Tumor-associated antigens, Tumor-specific antigens, Factors influencing response to tumors, Tumor immunity, Tumor evasion of immunity, Immunodiagnosis of cancer, Immunotherapy of cancer, Immunoprophylaxis of malignancy, Chapter 12 IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, Type I. Immediate Hypersensitivity, The allergic response, Basophils and mast cells, Mediators of immediate hypersensitivity, Local immediate hypersensitivity, Systemic anaphylaxis, Prevention of immediate hypersensitivity, Type II. Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Type III. Immune Complex Reactions, Local immune complex disease: the Arthus reaction, Systemic immune complex disease: serum sickness, Autoimmunity, Activation of autoreactive clones, Establishing the autoimmune origin of a disease, Autoimmune diseases, Abnormal Leukocyte Proliferation, Immunodeficiency, Chapter 13 THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, (AIDS), The magnitude of the problem, Transmission of HIV, The Human Immunodeficiency Virus, The structure of HIV, The life cycle of HIV, Pathophysiology and Symptomatology of HIV Infection, and AIDS, Opportunistic infections, Malignancies in AIDS, Neurologic complications of HIV infection, Autoimmunity in AIDS, Laboratory abnormalities in AIDS, Immunity Against HIV, A HIV vaccine?, Anti-Retroviral Drugs, Idiopathic CD4+ T Lymphocytopenia, Chapter 14 THE AGING IMMUNE SYSTEM, Alterations in Immune Function with Aging, Conclusion, Epilogue, Index

Dr. Constantin A. Bona is a professor of microbiology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York. Over the past decade he has investigated many aspects of idiotype network regulation of the immune response to both foreign and self antigens. He has been elected to many scientific and professional organizations including the American Association of Immunology and the Harvey Society, served in an editorial capacity for several journals, and authored and edited a number of volumes devoted to immunology and the idiotype network., Dr. Francisco A. Bonilla received his MD degree from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and a PhD in biomedical science from the City University of New York. He was board certified in general pediatrics after completing his residency at the Floating Hospital for Infants and Children, Boston. Following a clinical fellowship in allergy/immunology, he is now a member of the faculty in the Division of Immunology at The Children's Hospital, Boston.

• Preface, Acknowledgments, Preface to the First Edition, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION, Chapter 2 CELLS AND ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, Cells of the Immune System, Markers of cellular differentiation, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes and macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, Other lymphoid cells, Failures of lymphocyte development, Lymphoid Organs, Central lymphoid organs, Peripheral lymphoid organs, Chapter 3 ANTIGENS, Antigenicity, Immunogenicity, and Tolerogenicity, Antigenic determinants (epitopes), Specificity and cross-reactivity, Functional classification of antigens, Factors influencing immunogenicity vs tolerogenicity, Adjuvants, Chapter 4 IMMUNOGLOBULINS, Immunoglobulin Genes, Ig gene organization, Ig gene rearrangement, Antibody diversity, Immunoglobulin gene transcription, Immunoglobulin Proteins, The four chain unit, The combining site, The hinge region, Carbohydrate, Immunoglobulin classes, Proteolysis of antibodies, Antigenic determinants of immunoglobulins, Biological Properties of Immunoglobulins, V region functions, Constant region functions, Monoclonal Antibodies, Clinical Uses of Immunoglobulins, Polyclonal antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies, Chapter 5 B CELLS AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY, B Cell Development, Antigen-independent B cell development, Allelic exclusion, Antigen-dependent B cell development, Immunoglobulin class-switching, Membrane bound vs secreted Ig, Clonal distribution of B cells, Characteristics of Mature B Cells, The immunoglobulin receptor, B cell CD antigens, B cell subsets, Humoral Immunity, B cell activation by antigen, Type 1 antigens, Type 2 antigens, TD antigens, B cell activation by immunoglobulins, Cellular events in B cell activation, Immunologic Memory, The primary immune response, The secondary immune response, Ig V gene usage in primary and secondary responses, B cell development in lymphoid tissues, Theories regarding the regulation of antibody production, Idiotype network theory, Clinical applications of idiotypes, Abnormalities of B Cell Development, Genetic defects, Monoclonal gammopathies, Partial antibody deficiencies, Chapter 6 T CELLS: REGULATION AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY, The T Cell Antigen Receptor (TCR), Genes encoding the TCR, Regulation of TCR gene expression, The TCR-CD3 complex, TCR1 and TCR2 define two principal T cell lineages, The T cell co-receptors CD4 and CD8, T Cell Development, The prethymic phase, The thymic phase, Development of y6 cells, Cytokines and T cell differentiation, The mature phase, Characteristics of Mature T Cells, T cell subsets, T Cell Activation, T cell accessory molecules, T cell activation by antigen, Activation of cytotoxic T cells, T cell mitogens, Superantigens, Memory T cells, Cellular Regulation of Immune Responses, Positive regulation, Negative regulation: suppression, Cell-Mediated Immunity, Cytotoxicity, Delayed type hypersensitivity, Defects of Cellular Immunity, In vitro assessment of T cell function, Congenital T cell immunodeficiencies, X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency, Other T cell activation defects, SOLUBLE MEDIATORS OF CELLULAR COOPERATION:, THE CYTOKINES, Interleukin 1, Interleukin 2, Interleukin 3, Interleukin 4, Interleukin 5, Interleukin 6, Interleukin 7, Interleukin 8, Interleukin 9, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 11, Interleukin 12, Interleukin 13, Interleukin 14, Interleukin 15, Tumor necrosis factors, Colony-stimulating factors, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Interferons, Type 1 interferon (IFN-α and IFN-β), Type 2 interferon (IFN-γ), Transforming growth factor α, Cytokine receptor families, Membrane cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors, Cytokines in the nervous system, Cytokines in the endocrine system, THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX, Classes, Genetics, and Structure of Histocompatibility Antigens, Class I molecules, Class II molecules, Class III molecules, The immunoglobulin gene superfamily, MHC specificities and haplotypes, Functions of MHC Molecules, Antigen presentation, Antigen-presenting cells, Pathways of antigen processing, The MHC and immune responsiveness, Transplantation, Chapter 8, MHC and Disease, Diseases associated with specific haplotypes, Congenital defects of MHC antigens, Chapter 9 IMMUNOLOGIC TOLERANCE, Mechanisms of Tolerance, T cell tolerance, Apoptosis, B cell tolerance, Pseudotolerance, Suppression, Breaking tolerance, Immunosuppression, Chapter 10 HOST DEFENSE I: NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY, Constitutional Resistance, Preventing Entry, Humoral Factors, The complement system, The acute phase response, Phagocytosis, Adhesion molecules, Chemotaxis, Attachment, Ingestion, Degranulation, Intracellular killing, Activation, Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), Phagocyte deficiencies, Phagocyte defects, Chapter 11 HOST DEFENSE II: ACQUIRED IMMUNITY, Anti-Microbial Immunity, Immune Responses Against Viruses, Intrinsic resistance, Local immunity, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Bacteria, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Fungi, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Parasites, Immune Responses Against Protozoa, Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, Anti-Helminth Immunity, Schistosomiasis, Microbial Evasion of Host Defenses, Seclusion, Evasion of humoral effector mechanisms, Evasion of cellular effector mechanisms, Immune suppression, Immunoprophylaxis of infections, Immune Responses Against Neoplasms, Tumor-associated antigens, Tumor-specific antigens, Factors influencing response to tumors, Tumor immunity, Tumor evasion of immunity, Immunodiagnosis of cancer, Immunotherapy of cancer, Immunoprophylaxis of malignancy, Chapter 12 IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, Type I. Immediate Hypersensitivity, The allergic response, Basophils and mast cells, Mediators of immediate hypersensitivity, Local immediate hypersensitivity, Systemic anaphylaxis, Prevention of immediate hypersensitivity, Type II. Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Type III. Immune Complex Reactions, Local immune complex disease: the Arthus reaction, Systemic immune complex disease: serum sickness, Autoimmunity, Activation of autoreactive clones, Establishing the autoimmune origin of a disease, Autoimmune diseases, Abnormal Leukocyte Proliferation, Immunodeficiency, Chapter 13 THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, (AIDS), The magnitude of the problem, Transmission of HIV, The Human Immunodeficiency Virus, The structure of HIV, The life cycle of HIV, Pathophysiology and Symptomatology of HIV Infection, and AIDS, Opportunistic infections, Malignancies in AIDS, Neurologic complications of HIV infection, Autoimmunity in AIDS, Laboratory abnormalities in AIDS, Immunity Against HIV, A HIV vaccine?, Anti-Retroviral Drugs, Idiopathic CD4+ T Lymphocytopenia, Chapter 14 THE AGING IMMUNE SYSTEM, Alterations in Immune Function with Aging, Conclusion, Epilogue, Index

Dr. Constantin A. Bona is a professor of microbiology at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York. Over the past decade he has investigated many aspects of idiotype network regulation of the immune response to both foreign and self antigens. He has been elected to many scientific and professional organizations including the American Association of Immunology and the Harvey Society, served in an editorial capacity for several journals, and authored and edited a number of volumes devoted to immunology and the idiotype network., Dr. Francisco A. Bonilla received his MD degree from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and a PhD in biomedical science from the City University of New York. He was board certified in general pediatrics after completing his residency at the Floating Hospital for Infants and Children, Boston. Following a clinical fellowship in allergy/immunology, he is now a member of the faculty in the Division of Immunology at The Children's Hospital, Boston.

• Preface, Acknowledgments, Preface to the First Edition, Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION, Chapter 2 CELLS AND ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, Cells of the Immune System, Markers of cellular differentiation, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes and macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, Other lymphoid cells, Failures of lymphocyte development, Lymphoid Organs, Central lymphoid organs, Peripheral lymphoid organs, Chapter 3 ANTIGENS, Antigenicity, Immunogenicity, and Tolerogenicity, Antigenic determinants (epitopes), Specificity and cross-reactivity, Functional classification of antigens, Factors influencing immunogenicity vs tolerogenicity, Adjuvants, Chapter 4 IMMUNOGLOBULINS, Immunoglobulin Genes, Ig gene organization, Ig gene rearrangement, Antibody diversity, Immunoglobulin gene transcription, Immunoglobulin Proteins, The four chain unit, The combining site, The hinge region, Carbohydrate, Immunoglobulin classes, Proteolysis of antibodies, Antigenic determinants of immunoglobulins, Biological Properties of Immunoglobulins, V region functions, Constant region functions, Monoclonal Antibodies, Clinical Uses of Immunoglobulins, Polyclonal antibodies, Monoclonal antibodies, Chapter 5 B CELLS AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY, B Cell Development, Antigen-independent B cell development, Allelic exclusion, Antigen-dependent B cell development, Immunoglobulin class-switching, Membrane bound vs secreted Ig, Clonal distribution of B cells, Characteristics of Mature B Cells, The immunoglobulin receptor, B cell CD antigens, B cell subsets, Humoral Immunity, B cell activation by antigen, Type 1 antigens, Type 2 antigens, TD antigens, B cell activation by immunoglobulins, Cellular events in B cell activation, Immunologic Memory, The primary immune response, The secondary immune response, Ig V gene usage in primary and secondary responses, B cell development in lymphoid tissues, Theories regarding the regulation of antibody production, Idiotype network theory, Clinical applications of idiotypes, Abnormalities of B Cell Development, Genetic defects, Monoclonal gammopathies, Partial antibody deficiencies, Chapter 6 T CELLS: REGULATION AND CELLULAR IMMUNITY, The T Cell Antigen Receptor (TCR), Genes encoding the TCR, Regulation of TCR gene expression, The TCR-CD3 complex, TCR1 and TCR2 define two principal T cell lineages, The T cell co-receptors CD4 and CD8, T Cell Development, The prethymic phase, The thymic phase, Development of y6 cells, Cytokines and T cell differentiation, The mature phase, Characteristics of Mature T Cells, T cell subsets, T Cell Activation, T cell accessory molecules, T cell activation by antigen, Activation of cytotoxic T cells, T cell mitogens, Superantigens, Memory T cells, Cellular Regulation of Immune Responses, Positive regulation, Negative regulation: suppression, Cell-Mediated Immunity, Cytotoxicity, Delayed type hypersensitivity, Defects of Cellular Immunity, In vitro assessment of T cell function, Congenital T cell immunodeficiencies, X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency, Other T cell activation defects, SOLUBLE MEDIATORS OF CELLULAR COOPERATION:, THE CYTOKINES, Interleukin 1, Interleukin 2, Interleukin 3, Interleukin 4, Interleukin 5, Interleukin 6, Interleukin 7, Interleukin 8, Interleukin 9, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 11, Interleukin 12, Interleukin 13, Interleukin 14, Interleukin 15, Tumor necrosis factors, Colony-stimulating factors, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, Interferons, Type 1 interferon (IFN-α and IFN-β), Type 2 interferon (IFN-γ), Transforming growth factor α, Cytokine receptor families, Membrane cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors, Cytokines in the nervous system, Cytokines in the endocrine system, THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX, Classes, Genetics, and Structure of Histocompatibility Antigens, Class I molecules, Class II molecules, Class III molecules, The immunoglobulin gene superfamily, MHC specificities and haplotypes, Functions of MHC Molecules, Antigen presentation, Antigen-presenting cells, Pathways of antigen processing, The MHC and immune responsiveness, Transplantation, Chapter 8, MHC and Disease, Diseases associated with specific haplotypes, Congenital defects of MHC antigens, Chapter 9 IMMUNOLOGIC TOLERANCE, Mechanisms of Tolerance, T cell tolerance, Apoptosis, B cell tolerance, Pseudotolerance, Suppression, Breaking tolerance, Immunosuppression, Chapter 10 HOST DEFENSE I: NON-SPECIFIC IMMUNITY, Constitutional Resistance, Preventing Entry, Humoral Factors, The complement system, The acute phase response, Phagocytosis, Adhesion molecules, Chemotaxis, Attachment, Ingestion, Degranulation, Intracellular killing, Activation, Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), Phagocyte deficiencies, Phagocyte defects, Chapter 11 HOST DEFENSE II: ACQUIRED IMMUNITY, Anti-Microbial Immunity, Immune Responses Against Viruses, Intrinsic resistance, Local immunity, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Bacteria, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Fungi, Humoral immunity, Cellular immunity, Immune Responses Against Parasites, Immune Responses Against Protozoa, Malaria, Toxoplasmosis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, Anti-Helminth Immunity, Schistosomiasis, Microbial Evasion of Host Defenses, Seclusion, Evasion of humoral effector mechanisms, Evasion of cellular effector mechanisms, Immune suppression, Immunoprophylaxis of infections, Immune Responses Against Neoplasms, Tumor-associated antigens, Tumor-specific antigens, Factors influencing response to tumors, Tumor immunity, Tumor evasion of immunity, Immunodiagnosis of cancer, Immunotherapy of cancer, Immunoprophylaxis of malignancy, Chapter 12 IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, Type I. Immediate Hypersensitivity, The allergic response, Basophils and mast cells, Mediators of immediate hypersensitivity, Local immediate hypersensitivity, Systemic anaphylaxis, Prevention of immediate hypersensitivity, Type II. Antibody-Dependent Cytotoxicity, Type III. Immune Complex Reactions, Local immune complex disease: the Arthus reaction, Systemic immune complex disease: serum sickness, Autoimmunity, Activation of autoreactive clones, Establishing the autoimmune origin of a disease, Autoimmune diseases, Abnormal Leukocyte Proliferation, Immunodeficiency, Chapter 13 THE ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, (AIDS), The magnitude of the problem, Transmission of HIV, The Human Immunodeficiency Virus, The structure of HIV, The life cycle of HIV, Pathophysiology and Symptomatology of HIV Infection, and AIDS, Opportunistic infections, Malignancies in AIDS, Neurologic complications of HIV infection, Autoimmunity in AIDS, Laboratory abnormalities in AIDS, Immunity Against HIV, A HIV vaccine?, Anti-Retroviral Drugs, Idiopathic CD4+ T Lymphocytopenia, Chapter 14 THE AGING IMMUNE SYSTEM, Alterations in Immune Function with Aging, Conclusion, Epilogue, Index