Archaeological cultural property hold a great fascination. At the same time it is exposed to threads, such as illicit excavations or armed conflicts. A complex system of rules protecting cultural property was developed by law. This study analyses the fundamental reasons for protecting cultural property, particularly with regard to archaeological cultural property. It provides the values attributed to archaeological cultural property. Then the arising consequences for law are discussed. Archaeological cultural property is an information storage medium from the past. Most of the information is already presented in the find complex. This should be considered sufficiently by law. What are the consequences for new legislative proposals especially in the area of cultural property protection?