John France, BA.PhD. (Nottingham) is Professor of Medieval History at Swansea University. He has published extensively on medieval military history, especially on the crusades. His Victory in the East is the military history of the First Crusade.

"This stimulating collection of conference papers illustrates the changing nature of military history today. The combination of Whig and Puritan history that made mercenaries into representatives of the bad old days is disappearing. Historians are looking at them again, some wanting to understand how the process of recruiting foreign (or more local) warriors worked in social, economic, and political terms; some recognizing that Machiavelli's contemporaries had good reasons for ignoring his ideas; and some even seeing mercenaries as a step toward national armies." - William Urban, in: H-HRE, H-Net Reviews, May, 2009 [www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=22832]

• List of Contributors Introduction .. 11. William Marshal and the Mercenariat .. 15David Crouch2. Revisiting Mercenaries under Henry Fitz Empress, 1167–1188 .. 33John D. Hosler3. Medieval Mercenaries: Methodology, Defi nitions, and Problems .. 43Kelly DeVries4. Les Mercenaires dans les Campagnes Napolitaines de Louis le Grand, Roi de Hongrie, 1347–1350 .. 61Guido Guerri dall’Oro5. The Da Varano Lords of Camerino as Condottiere Princes .. 89John E. Law6. ‘Beneath the Battle’? Miners and Engineers as ‘Mercenaries’ in the Holy Land (XII–XIII siècles) .. 105Nicolas Prouteau7. Soldiers of Fortune in the Fleets of Charles I of Anjou, King of Sicily, ca. 1265–85 .. 119John H. Pryor8. Household Men, Mercenaries and Vikings in Anglo-Saxon England .. 143Richard Abels9. Merovingian Mercenaries and Paid Soldiers in Imperial Perspective .. 167Professor Bernard S. Bachrach10. The Early Hungarians as Mercenaries 860–955 .. 193Charles R. Bowlus11. ‘Warriors Fit for a Prince’: Welsh Troops in Angevin Service, 1154–1216 .. 207I.W. Rowlands12. Urban Military Forces of England and Germany c. 1240–c. 1315, a Comparison .. 231David S. Bachrach13. Mercenaries, Mamluks and Militia: Towards a Cross-cultural Typology of Military Service .. 243Stephen Morillo14. The Anglo-Flemish Treaties and Flemish Soldiers in England 1101–1163 .. 261Eljas Oksanen15. The Origin of Money-Fiefs in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem .. 275Alan V. Murray16. Mercenaries and Paid Men in Gilbert of Mons .. 287Laura Napran17. The Fourteenth Century Soldier—More Chaucer’s Knight or Medieval Career? .. 301Adrian R. Bell18. What does a Mercenary Leave Behind? The Archaeological Evidence for the Estates of Owain Lawgoch .. 317Spencer Gavin Smith19. The Role of Mercenary Troops in Spain in the Fourteenth Century: the Civil War .. 331Carlos Andrés González Paz20. The Teutonic Order’s Mercenaries during the ‘Great War’ with Poland-Lithuania (1409–11) .. 345Sven Ekdahl21. Scots Mercenary Forces in Sixteenth Century Ireland .. 363Muríosa Prendergast22. The Irish Mercenary Tradition in the 1600s .. 383Ciarán Óg O’ReillyIndex

John France, BA.PhD. (Nottingham) is Professor of Medieval History at Swansea University. He has published extensively on medieval military history, especially on the crusades. His Victory in the East is the military history of the First Crusade.

"This stimulating collection of conference papers illustrates the changing nature of military history today. The combination of Whig and Puritan history that made mercenaries into representatives of the bad old days is disappearing. Historians are looking at them again, some wanting to understand how the process of recruiting foreign (or more local) warriors worked in social, economic, and political terms; some recognizing that Machiavelli's contemporaries had good reasons for ignoring his ideas; and some even seeing mercenaries as a step toward national armies." - William Urban, in: H-HRE, H-Net Reviews, May, 2009 [www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=22832]

• List of Contributors Introduction .. 11. William Marshal and the Mercenariat .. 15David Crouch2. Revisiting Mercenaries under Henry Fitz Empress, 1167–1188 .. 33John D. Hosler3. Medieval Mercenaries: Methodology, Defi nitions, and Problems .. 43Kelly DeVries4. Les Mercenaires dans les Campagnes Napolitaines de Louis le Grand, Roi de Hongrie, 1347–1350 .. 61Guido Guerri dall’Oro5. The Da Varano Lords of Camerino as Condottiere Princes .. 89John E. Law6. ‘Beneath the Battle’? Miners and Engineers as ‘Mercenaries’ in the Holy Land (XII–XIII siècles) .. 105Nicolas Prouteau7. Soldiers of Fortune in the Fleets of Charles I of Anjou, King of Sicily, ca. 1265–85 .. 119John H. Pryor8. Household Men, Mercenaries and Vikings in Anglo-Saxon England .. 143Richard Abels9. Merovingian Mercenaries and Paid Soldiers in Imperial Perspective .. 167Professor Bernard S. Bachrach10. The Early Hungarians as Mercenaries 860–955 .. 193Charles R. Bowlus11. ‘Warriors Fit for a Prince’: Welsh Troops in Angevin Service, 1154–1216 .. 207I.W. Rowlands12. Urban Military Forces of England and Germany c. 1240–c. 1315, a Comparison .. 231David S. Bachrach13. Mercenaries, Mamluks and Militia: Towards a Cross-cultural Typology of Military Service .. 243Stephen Morillo14. The Anglo-Flemish Treaties and Flemish Soldiers in England 1101–1163 .. 261Eljas Oksanen15. The Origin of Money-Fiefs in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem .. 275Alan V. Murray16. Mercenaries and Paid Men in Gilbert of Mons .. 287Laura Napran17. The Fourteenth Century Soldier—More Chaucer’s Knight or Medieval Career? .. 301Adrian R. Bell18. What does a Mercenary Leave Behind? The Archaeological Evidence for the Estates of Owain Lawgoch .. 317Spencer Gavin Smith19. The Role of Mercenary Troops in Spain in the Fourteenth Century: the Civil War .. 331Carlos Andrés González Paz20. The Teutonic Order’s Mercenaries during the ‘Great War’ with Poland-Lithuania (1409–11) .. 345Sven Ekdahl21. Scots Mercenary Forces in Sixteenth Century Ireland .. 363Muríosa Prendergast22. The Irish Mercenary Tradition in the 1600s .. 383Ciarán Óg O’ReillyIndex

John France, BA.PhD. (Nottingham) is Professor of Medieval History at Swansea University. He has published extensively on medieval military history, especially on the crusades. His Victory in the East is the military history of the First Crusade.

"This stimulating collection of conference papers illustrates the changing nature of military history today. The combination of Whig and Puritan history that made mercenaries into representatives of the bad old days is disappearing. Historians are looking at them again, some wanting to understand how the process of recruiting foreign (or more local) warriors worked in social, economic, and political terms; some recognizing that Machiavelli's contemporaries had good reasons for ignoring his ideas; and some even seeing mercenaries as a step toward national armies." - William Urban, in: H-HRE, H-Net Reviews, May, 2009 [www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=22832]

• List of Contributors Introduction .. 11. William Marshal and the Mercenariat .. 15David Crouch2. Revisiting Mercenaries under Henry Fitz Empress, 1167–1188 .. 33John D. Hosler3. Medieval Mercenaries: Methodology, Defi nitions, and Problems .. 43Kelly DeVries4. Les Mercenaires dans les Campagnes Napolitaines de Louis le Grand, Roi de Hongrie, 1347–1350 .. 61Guido Guerri dall’Oro5. The Da Varano Lords of Camerino as Condottiere Princes .. 89John E. Law6. ‘Beneath the Battle’? Miners and Engineers as ‘Mercenaries’ in the Holy Land (XII–XIII siècles) .. 105Nicolas Prouteau7. Soldiers of Fortune in the Fleets of Charles I of Anjou, King of Sicily, ca. 1265–85 .. 119John H. Pryor8. Household Men, Mercenaries and Vikings in Anglo-Saxon England .. 143Richard Abels9. Merovingian Mercenaries and Paid Soldiers in Imperial Perspective .. 167Professor Bernard S. Bachrach10. The Early Hungarians as Mercenaries 860–955 .. 193Charles R. Bowlus11. ‘Warriors Fit for a Prince’: Welsh Troops in Angevin Service, 1154–1216 .. 207I.W. Rowlands12. Urban Military Forces of England and Germany c. 1240–c. 1315, a Comparison .. 231David S. Bachrach13. Mercenaries, Mamluks and Militia: Towards a Cross-cultural Typology of Military Service .. 243Stephen Morillo14. The Anglo-Flemish Treaties and Flemish Soldiers in England 1101–1163 .. 261Eljas Oksanen15. The Origin of Money-Fiefs in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem .. 275Alan V. Murray16. Mercenaries and Paid Men in Gilbert of Mons .. 287Laura Napran17. The Fourteenth Century Soldier—More Chaucer’s Knight or Medieval Career? .. 301Adrian R. Bell18. What does a Mercenary Leave Behind? The Archaeological Evidence for the Estates of Owain Lawgoch .. 317Spencer Gavin Smith19. The Role of Mercenary Troops in Spain in the Fourteenth Century: the Civil War .. 331Carlos Andrés González Paz20. The Teutonic Order’s Mercenaries during the ‘Great War’ with Poland-Lithuania (1409–11) .. 345Sven Ekdahl21. Scots Mercenary Forces in Sixteenth Century Ireland .. 363Muríosa Prendergast22. The Irish Mercenary Tradition in the 1600s .. 383Ciarán Óg O’ReillyIndex