Companions in Geography

Mario Cams, Ph.D. (University of Leuven, 2015), is Assistant Professor at the University of Macau’s Department of History and specializes in the history of early Sino-European contacts, late imperial China, and the history of cartography

"This substantial and in many ways impressive work analyses map making in the Qing-dynasty empire during the reign of Kangxi emperor (1661–1722), and that of his successor Yongzheng (1722–1735). […] Cams’s book is clearly well grounded and written; it unquestionably offers valuable new insights to sinologists and researchers working on a variety of topics, opening the door for further research." Davor Antonucci, Sapienza Università di Roma (Imago Mundi 70:2 2018)

• AcknowledgementsList of IllustrationsIntroduction: Towards a New Cartography of Cross-cultural Circulation1 Situating the Study2 Delineation and Approach3 Cartography and the Jesuit Missions to China4 Chapter Overview1 Instruments for the Emperor: New Frontiers, New Practices1.1 An Instrumental Convergence of Interests1.1.1 The Académie and the Instrument Market in Paris1.1.2 The King’s Mathematicians’ Interest in Cartography1.1.3 Paris-made Instruments for the French Mission1.2 Improving Cartographies: An Emperor’s Quest1.2.1 The Kangxi Emperor’s Cartographic Aspirations1.2.2 Qing Statecraft and Cartographic Practice1.2.3 The Qing Court’s Appropriation of Paris-made Instruments1.3 Frontier Matters: New Qing Cartographic Practice1.3.1 Integrating the Khalka: Exploring a New Frontier1.3.2 The 1698 Preliminary Survey1.3.3 Re-standardizing the Qing’s Most Basic Unit of LengthConclusionIntermission One: Missionaries or Mapmakers? The Mapping Project and its Place in the MissionJustifying Missionary InvolvementThe Unauthorized Return of Joachim BouvetConclusion2 Of Instruments and Maps: The Land Surveys in Practice2.1 Beyond the Passes: Observations and Calculations2.1.1 New Qing Cartographic Practice along the Great Wall2.1.2 Revisiting the Manchu Homelands and Northern Frontiers2.1.3 Strategic Expeditions into Korea and Tibet2.2 The Logistics in Mapping the Chinese Provinces2.2.1 Moving South: Sequence, Timing and Strategies2.2.2 Directed from the Center: The Emperor and His Administration2.2.3 Team Composition and Local Support2.3 The Imperial Workshops Connection2.3.1 Mapmakers from the Inner Palace2.3.2 European Technical Experts and Assistants2.3.3 The Logistical Centrality of the Imperial WorkshopsConclusionIntermission Two: Missionaries and Mapmakers: Missionary Activity during the Land SurveysThe Restitution of Church BuildingsThe Impact of the Chinese Rites ControversyConclusion3 The Afterlife of Maps: Circulation, Adaptation, and Negotiation3.1 The Printed Life of the Overview Maps of Imperial Territories3.1.1 The Woodblock Editions3.1.2 The Copperplate Editions3.1.3 Imperially Commissioned Compilations and Later Renditions3.2 The European Incorporation of a Qing Atlas3.2.1 Early Transmissions and Reception in Europe3.2.2 Contracting Jean-Baptiste Bourguingon d’Anville3.2.3 Intercultural Adaptation: d’Anville’s Regional Maps3.3 Beijing, Paris and Saint Petersburg: Negotiating the Gaps3.3.1 d’Anville’s General Maps and the Paris-Saint Petersburg Connection3.3.2 The Saint Petersburg Connection to Beijing3.3.3 d’Anville’s Maps: Reception and Further AdaptationsConclusionAnnex: Extant Kangxi-era Sheets (Printed)Conclusion: Unlocking Dichotomies: Revisiting Cross-cultural CirculationOn Qing Imperial Cartography: Traditional vs. Scientific PracticeOn the Role of the Individual: Global vs. Local NetworksOn Instruments and Maps: The Circulation vs. the Production of KnowledgeOn Interculturality: China vs. EuropeReferences and BibliographyIndex