Paul Bijl is assistant professor of modern Dutch literature at the University of Amsterdam and an affiliated fellow at KITLV/Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies. In his current research project, funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), he investigates the transnational circulation of the letters of the Javanese writer Kartini (1879-1904) in Indonesia, Europe and the United States.

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• Introduction: Icons of Memory and Forgetting, Chapter 1. 1904: Imperial Frames, Chapter 2. 1904-1942: Epistemic Anxiety and Denial, Chapter 3. 1942-1966: Compartmentalized and Multidirectional Memory, Chapter 4. 1966-2010: Emerging Memory, Conclusion, Bibliography, List of Places Where the 1904 Photographs Can Be Found.