Urban Eyes

Helene Roth is research assistant at Institute of Art History at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, from which she obtained her PhD in 2024.

• Chapter 1. Urban Eyes – An Introduction 1.1 Photography and Exile: State of the Art 1.2 Migrating Material: Archives and Source Material 1.3 Forging the City: Research Question and MethodologiesChapter 2. New York as an “Arrival City” for German-speaking Émigré Photographers in the 1930s and 1940s 2.1 The Camera as a Portable Medium in New York Exile 2.2 Photography in New York in the First Half of the 20th CenturyChapter 3. From Europe to New York : Emigration Routes between Departure, Passage, and Arrival 3.1 Between Europe and New York: Images of Departure as Remembrance 3.2 At Sea, on Board, or on Stopover: Transitory Photographs on the Passages 60 3.3 Me and the Camera: First Pictures in New YorkChapter 4. Camera Actors in the City : Urban Practices in New York Exile 4.1 Footpath, Passers-by, and Facades: Walking and Photographing in Urban Space in New York 4.2 Fast or High Up: Photographing Driving under, through, or over the City 4.3 Window Views: Serial Photography from the ApartmentChapter 5. Printed Photographs : Photobooks and Photo Albums in New York Exile 5.1 Conceiving and Circulating: Exile Publishers as Catalysts for Photobook Publications 5.2 The City as Book: Photobooks of and about New York 5.3 From South to North and East to West: Photonarrative Street and Milieu Studies in the Photobook 5.4 Exploring, Experimenting, and Gluing: The Conception of Photo Albums and Scrapbooks in New YorkChapter 6. Business with Pictures : Photographic Economies in Exile 6.1 Selling Your Pictures: Photo Agencies as Networks and Sources of Income in Exile 6.2 “The World of Tomorrow”: The 1939 World’s Fair in New York as a Pictorial Motif and Commission Opportunity 6.3 Translating and Photographing: Freelance Work for the Museum of Modern Art 6.4 Dance, Theatre, Animals: Female Émigré Photographers’ Photo Studios around Central ParkChapter 7. Photo Experts in Exile : Transcultural Photographic Theories and Practices between Exchange, Teaching, and Mediation 7.1 Exhibiting and Representing: Artistic Photo Discourses at Weyhe Gallery and Norlyst Gallery around 57th Street 7.2 Teaching and Practicing: Photography Courses at the New School for Social Research 7.3 Photography for All: Photographic Theory and Practice through Popular Photography and ManualsChapter 8. Emigration Shapes the City : Photographic Places of Exile in New York 8.1 Transtopia: The Photographic Reappraisal of Emigration in the Ellis Island Internment Camp 8.2 Visualising Placemaking: German-speaking Life around East 86th Street in Yorkville 8.3 In Public, In Private: Intermedial and Transcultural Contact Zones on West 21st Street in Chelsea 8.4 Queering Places: The Portrait Studio as Site of Sexual Orientation and Artistic Practice in ExileChapter 9. Functions of Photography in Exile and for Migration Studies – EpilogueAppendixes I. Biographies of German-speaking Émigré Photographers in New York in the 1930s and 1940s II. Permanent/Freelance German-speaking Emigrant Photographers at Black Star, 1935–1950AcknowledgementsList of AbbreviationsNotesArchivesBibliographyIndex of Persons, Institutions, Magazines, Photobooks, and Neighbourhoods