Observations and Dynamics of Circulations in the North Indian Ocean

Julian McCreary received a Ph.D. from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, which is affiliated with the University of California at San Diego. He is now an Emeritus Professor in the Oceanography Department at the University of Hawaii. Throughout his career, he has sought to understand the basic physical processes that underlie ocean phenomena, including coupled ocean-atmosphere and ocean-biological processes.  From 1991-1998, he was Dean of the Oceanographic Center at Nova Southeastern University, and from 1999-2008, he was Director of the International Pacific Research Center at the University of Hawaii. Awards he has received include: 1981 AMS Editors Award, 1996 AMS Sverdrup Gold Medal, 1999 AGU Fellowship, and 2003 AMS Fellowship. Satish R. Shetye received a Ph.D. from the University of Washington, Seattle, USA. He then joined the CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Goa, India. For more than three decades, he studied various aspects of the physical oceanography of the North Indian Ocean, with a special interest in the waters around India. In recognition of his contributions, he received the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in 1992, fellowships from the three national science academies of India, and the Life Time Excellence Award 2021 (Ministry of Earth Sciences, India). He was Director of CSIR-NIO during 2004-12 and Vice Chancellor of Goa University from 2012-16.

• Preface.- Introduction.-  Observations: atmospheric forcing and ocean response.- Atmospheric circulation.- Ocean forcing and the surface mixed layer.- Ocean response.- PART II: Models  205.-  Ocean models.- PART III: Free waves.- Overview.- Midlatitude waves.- Equatorial waves.- PART IV: Process solutions.- Overview.- Ekman drift and inertial oscillations.- Sverdrup flow and boundary currents.- Interior ocean.- Coastal ocean.- Equatorial ocean: switched-on forcing.- Equatorial Ocean: periodic forcing.- PART V: Applications.- Beams and Undercurrents.- Overturning circulations.- APPENDIX A: Movies.