Anthony Dawahare is Professor of English at California State University, Northridge, USA, and author of Nationalism, Marxism, and African American Literature between the Wars: A New Pandora's Box (2003) and Tillie Olsen and the Dialectical Philosophy of Proletarian Literature (2018).

Dawahare’s brilliant book observes the recurring trope of Jesus as an ordinary poor person and the recurring critique that real Christianity did not dwell in churches presided over by the wealthy. By analyzing the work of a wide range of authors, well-known and lesser-known, white and Black, Protestant and Catholic, the book offers a major contribution to our understanding of literary modernism, Christian Socialism, the Social Gospel, and the labor movement.

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. The Birth of the Red Christ in the United States 2. Literary Incarnations of the Red Christ in the Christian Socialist Novel, 1890-1913 3. Bouck White, Upton Sinclair, and Literary Left Transfigurations of the Red Christ 4. Crucifixions of the Black Christ on a Crimson Cross 5. Red Christ Resurrected: Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement in the 1930s Epilogue: Liberating a Dangerous Memory Bibliography Index

Anthony Dawahare is Professor of English at California State University, Northridge, USA, and author of Nationalism, Marxism, and African American Literature between the Wars: A New Pandora's Box (2003) and Tillie Olsen and the Dialectical Philosophy of Proletarian Literature (2018).

Dawahare’s brilliant book observes the recurring trope of Jesus as an ordinary poor person and the recurring critique that real Christianity did not dwell in churches presided over by the wealthy. By analyzing the work of a wide range of authors, well-known and lesser-known, white and Black, Protestant and Catholic, the book offers a major contribution to our understanding of literary modernism, Christian Socialism, the Social Gospel, and the labor movement.

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. The Birth of the Red Christ in the United States 2. Literary Incarnations of the Red Christ in the Christian Socialist Novel, 1890-1913 3. Bouck White, Upton Sinclair, and Literary Left Transfigurations of the Red Christ 4. Crucifixions of the Black Christ on a Crimson Cross 5. Red Christ Resurrected: Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement in the 1930s Epilogue: Liberating a Dangerous Memory Bibliography Index

Anthony Dawahare is Professor of English at California State University, Northridge, USA, and author of Nationalism, Marxism, and African American Literature between the Wars: A New Pandora's Box (2003) and Tillie Olsen and the Dialectical Philosophy of Proletarian Literature (2018).

Dawahare’s brilliant book observes the recurring trope of Jesus as an ordinary poor person and the recurring critique that real Christianity did not dwell in churches presided over by the wealthy. By analyzing the work of a wide range of authors, well-known and lesser-known, white and Black, Protestant and Catholic, the book offers a major contribution to our understanding of literary modernism, Christian Socialism, the Social Gospel, and the labor movement.

• List of IllustrationsAcknowledgments Introduction 1. The Birth of the Red Christ in the United States 2. Literary Incarnations of the Red Christ in the Christian Socialist Novel, 1890-1913 3. Bouck White, Upton Sinclair, and Literary Left Transfigurations of the Red Christ 4. Crucifixions of the Black Christ on a Crimson Cross 5. Red Christ Resurrected: Dorothy Day and the Catholic Worker Movement in the 1930s Epilogue: Liberating a Dangerous Memory Bibliography Index