About our authors Eric J. Simon is a professor in the Department of Biology and Health Science at New England College in Henniker, New Hampshire. He teaches introductory biology and human biology to non-science majors, as well as international biology-themed travel courses, to instill a love of the natural world in his students. Dr. Simon received a B.A. in biology and computer science, an M.A. in biology from Wesleyan University, and a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Harvard University. His research focuses on innovative ways to use technology to increase active learning in the science classroom, particularly for nonscience majors. Dr. Simon is also the author of the introductory biology textbook Biology: The Core, 3rd Edition and a coauthor of Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 10th Edition.Kelly A. Hogan is a professor in the Department of Biology at Duke University, teaching introductory biology courses to science majors and serving in a leadership role around the undergraduate curriculum. She routinely teaches very large interactive classes and supports faculty in strategies to reach their teaching and learning goals. Dr. Hogan received her B.S. in biology at the College of New Jersey and her Ph.D. in pathology at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Her research interests relate to how large classes can be more inclusive through evidence-based teaching methods and technology. She provides faculty development to other instructors through peer coaching, workshops, and mentoring. Dr. Hogan is also a coauthor of Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections, 10th Edition and coauthor of Inclusive Teaching: Strategies for Promoting Equity in the College Classroom. Neil A. Campbell (1946-2004) combined the inquiring nature of a research scientist with the soul of a caring teacher. Over his 30 years of teaching introductory biology to both science majors and non-science majors, many thousands of students had the opportunity to learn from him and be stimulated by his enthusiasm for the study of life. He is greatly missed by his many friends in the biology community. His coauthors remain inspired by his visionary dedication to education and are committed to searching for ever-better ways to engage students in the wonders of biology.

• 1. Learning About LifeIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: A Passion for Life1.1 The Scientific Study of Life1.2 The Properties of Life1.3 Major Themes in BiologyEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Turtles in the Tree of LifeChapter 1 ReviewUNIT 1: CELLS 2. Essential Chemistry for BiologyIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Nuclear Medicine2.1 Some Basic Chemistry2.2 Water and LifeEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Radioactivity as an Evolutionary ClockChapter 2 Review3. The Molecules of LifeIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Got Lactose?3.1 Organic Compounds3.2 Large Biological MoleculesEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Lactose Intolerance in HumansChapter 3 Review4. A Tour of the CellIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Antibiotics: Drugs That Target Bacterial Cells4.1 The Microscopic World of Cells4.2 Membrane Structure4.3 The Nucleus and Ribosomes: Genetic Control of the Cell4.4 The Endomembrane System: Manufacturing and Distributing Cellular Products4.5 Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: Providing Cellular Energy4.6 The Cytoskeleton: Cell Shape and MovementEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Bacterial Resistance in HumansChapter 4 Review5. The Working CellIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Harnessing Cellular Structures5.1 Some Basic Energy Concepts5.2 ATP and Cellular Work5.3 Enzymes5.4 Membrane FunctionEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Origin of MembranesChapter 5 Review6. Cellular Respiration: Obtaining Energy from FoodintroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Getting the Most Out of Your Muscles6.1 Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling in the Biosphere6.2 Cellular Respiration: Aerobic Harvest of Food Energy6.3 Fermentation: Anaerobic Harvest of Food EnergyEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Importance of OxygenChapter 6 Review7. Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make FoodIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: A Solar Revolution7.1 The Basics of Photosynthesis7.2 The Light Reactions: Converting Solar Energy to Chemical Energy7.3 The Calvin Cycle: Making Sugar from Carbon DioxideEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Creating a Better Biofuel FactoryChapter 7 ReviewUNIT 2: GENETICS 8. Cellular Reproduction: Cells from CellsintroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Virgin Birth of a Shark8.1 What Cell Reproduction Accomplishes8.2 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis8.3 Meiosis, the Basis of Sexual ReproductionEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Advantages of SexChapter 8 Review9. Patterns of InheritanceIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Darwin's Dogs9.1 Genetics and Heredity9.2 Variations on Mendel's Laws9.3 The Chromosomal Basis of InheritanceEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Barking Up the Evolutionary TreeChapter 9 Review10. The Structure and Function of DNAIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Emergence of COVID-1910.1 DNA: Structure and Replication10.2 From DNA to RNA to Protein10.3 Viruses and Other Noncellular Infectious AgentsEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Emerging VirusesChapter 10 Review11. How Genes Are ControlledIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Breast Cancer and Chemotherapy11.1 How and Why Genes Are Regulated11.2 Cloning Plants and Animals11.3 The Genetic Basis of CancerEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Evolution of Cancer in the BodyChapter 11 Review12. DNA TechnologyIntroductionDNA ProfilingBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Using DNA to Establish Guilt and Innocence12.1 Genetic Engineering12.2 DNA Profiling and Forensic Science12.3 Bioinformatics12.4 Safety and Ethical IssuesEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Y Chromosome as a Window on HistoryChapter 12 ReviewUNIT 3: EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY 13. How Populations EvolveIntroductionEvolution in ActionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Mosquitoes and Evolution13.1 The Diversity of Life13.2 Charles Darwin and The Origin of Species13.3 Evidence of Evolution13.4 Natural Selection as the Mechanism for Evolution13.5 The Evolution of Populations13.6 Mechanisms of EvolutionEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Rising Threat of Antibiotic ResistanceChapter 13 Review14. How Biological Diversity EvolvesIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Humanity's Footprint14.1 The Origin of Species14.2 Earth History and Macroevolution14.3 Mechanisms of Macroevolution14.4 Classifying the Diversity of LifeEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Evolution in the AnthropoceneChapter 14 Review15. The Evolution of Microbial LifeIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Our Invisible Inhabitants15.1 Major Episodes in the History of Life15.2 The Origin of Life15.3 Prokaryotes15.4 ProtistsEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Sweet Life of Streptococcus mutansChapter 15 Review16. The Evolution of Plants and FungiIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Diamond of the Kitchen16.1 Colonizing Land16.2 Plant Diversity16.3 FungiEVOLUTION CONNECTION: A Pioneering PartnershipChapter 16 Review17. The Evolution of AnimalsIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Evolving Adaptability17.1 The Origins of Animal Diversity17.2 Major Invertebrate Phyla17.3 Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity17.4 The Human AncestryEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Are We Still Evolving?Chapter 17 ReviewUNIT 4: ECOLOGY 18. An Introduction to Ecology and the BiosphereIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Penguins, Polar Bears, and People in Peril18.1 An Overview of Ecology18.2 Living in Earth's Diverse Environments18.3 Biomes18.4 Climate ChangeEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Climate Change as an Agent of Natural SelectionChapter 18 Review19. Population EcologyIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Invasion of the Lionfish19.1 An Overview of Population Ecology19.2 Population Growth Models19.3 Applications of Population Ecology19.4 Human Population GrowthEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Humans as an Invasive SpeciesChapter 19 Review20. Communities and EcosystemsIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Why Biodiversity Matters20.1 Biodiversity20.2 Community Ecology20.3 Ecosystem Ecology20.4 Conservation and Restoration BiologyEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Saving the Hot SpotsChapter 20 ReviewUNIT 5: ANIMAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 21. Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and FunctionIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: An Avoidable Tragedy21.1 The Structural Organization of Animals21.2 Exchanges with the External Environment21.3 Regulating the Internal EnvironmentEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Adaptations for ThermoregulationChapter 21 Revivew22. Nutrition and DigestionIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: "Diet" Is a Complex Word22.1 An Overview of Animal Nutrition22.2 A Tour of the Human Digestive System22.3 Human Nutritional Requirements22.4 Nutritional DisordersEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Fat and Sugar CravingsChapter 22 Review23. Circulation and RespirationBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Avoiding "The Wall"23.1 Unifying Concepts of Animal Circulation23.2 The Human Cardiovascular System23.3 Unifying Concepts of Animal Respiration23.4 The Human Respiratory SystemEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Evolving EnduranceChapter 23 Review24. The Body's DefensesIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Herd Immunity24.1 An Overview of the Immune System24.2 Innate Immunity24.3 The Lymphatic System24.4 Adaptive Immunity24.5 Immune DisordersEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Viral Evolution versus the Flu VaccineChapter 24 Review25. HormonesIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Baseball's Ongoing Steroid Problem25.1 Hormones: An Overview25.2 The Human Endocrine SystemEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Steroids and Male AggressionChapter 25 Review26. Reproduction and DevelopmentIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: New Ways of Making Babies26.1 Unifying Concepts of Animal Reproduction26.2 Human Reproduction26.3 Reproductive Health26.4 Human Development26.7 Reproductive TechnologiesEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The "Grandmother Hypothesis"Chapter 26 Review27. Nervous, Sensory, and Locomotor SystemsIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Medicinal Poisons27.1 An Overview of Animal Nervous Systems27.2 The Human Nervous System: A Closer Look27.3 The Senses27.4 Locomotor SystemsEVOLUTION CONNECTION: A Neurotoxin Arms RaceChapter 27 ReviewUNIT 6: PLANT STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 28. The Life of a Flowering PlantIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: The Buzz on Coffee Plants28.1 The Structure and Function of a Flowering Plant28.2 Plant Growth28.3 The Life Cycle of a Flowering PlantEVOLUTION CONNECTION: The Problem of the Disappearing BeesChapter 28 Review29. The Working PlantIntroductionBIOLOGY AND SOCIETY: Planting Hope in the Wake of Disaster29.1 How Plants Acquire and Transport Nutrients29.2 Plant Hormones29.3 Response to StimuliEVOLUTION CONNECTION: Plants, Bugs, and PeopleChapter 29 ReviewAPPENDICES A. Metric Conversion TableB. The Periodic TableC. CreditsD. Selected Answers