About our authors Michael P. Todaro was Professor of Economics at New York University for 18 years and Senior Associate at the Population Council for 30 years. He lived and taught in Africa for 6 years. He appears in Who's Who in Economics and Economists of the Twentieth Century. He is also the author of 8 books and more than 50 professional articles.Stephen C. Smith is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at George Washington University. He received his PhD in economics from Cornell University. Smith is the author of Ending Global Poverty: A Guide to What Works, co-editor of NGOs and the Millennium Development Goals: Citizen Action to Reduce Poverty, and author or co-author of some 3 dozen journal articles.

• Introducing Economic Development: A Global PerspectiveComparative Economic DevelopmentClassic Theories of Economic Growth and DevelopmentContemporary Models of Development and UnderdevelopmentPoverty, Inequality, and DevelopmentPopulation Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and ControversiesUrbanisation and Rural-Urban Migration: Theory and PolicyHuman Capital: Education and Health in Economic DevelopmentAgricultural Transformation and Rural DevelopmentThe Environment and DevelopmentDevelopment Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil SocietyInternational Trade Theory and Development StrategyBalance of Payments, Debt, Financial Crises, and Sustainable Recovery: Principles, Cases and PoliciesForeign Finance, Investment, Aid, and Conflict: Controversies and OpportunitiesFormal and Informal Finance, Central Banking, Fiscal Policy, and Public Administration in Economic DevelopmentFrontier Technologies and Inclusive Development: The Potential and Risks of Artificial IntelligenceGlossary

About our authors Michael P. Todaro was Professor of Economics at New York University for 18 years and Senior Associate at the Population Council for 30 years. He lived and taught in Africa for 6 years. He appears in Who's Who in Economics and Economists of the Twentieth Century. He is also the author of 8 books and more than 50 professional articles.Stephen C. Smith is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at George Washington University. He received his PhD in economics from Cornell University. Smith is the author of Ending Global Poverty: A Guide to What Works, co-editor of NGOs and the Millennium Development Goals: Citizen Action to Reduce Poverty, and author or co-author of some 3 dozen journal articles.

• Introducing Economic Development: A Global PerspectiveComparative Economic DevelopmentClassic Theories of Economic Growth and DevelopmentContemporary Models of Development and UnderdevelopmentPoverty, Inequality, and DevelopmentPopulation Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and ControversiesUrbanisation and Rural-Urban Migration: Theory and PolicyHuman Capital: Education and Health in Economic DevelopmentAgricultural Transformation and Rural DevelopmentThe Environment and DevelopmentDevelopment Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil SocietyInternational Trade Theory and Development StrategyBalance of Payments, Debt, Financial Crises, and Sustainable Recovery: Principles, Cases and PoliciesForeign Finance, Investment, Aid, and Conflict: Controversies and OpportunitiesFormal and Informal Finance, Central Banking, Fiscal Policy, and Public Administration in Economic DevelopmentFrontier Technologies and Inclusive Development: The Potential and Risks of Artificial IntelligenceGlossary

About our authors Michael P. Todaro was Professor of Economics at New York University for 18 years and Senior Associate at the Population Council for 30 years. He lived and taught in Africa for 6 years. He appears in Who's Who in Economics and Economists of the Twentieth Century. He is also the author of 8 books and more than 50 professional articles.Stephen C. Smith is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at George Washington University. He received his PhD in economics from Cornell University. Smith is the author of Ending Global Poverty: A Guide to What Works, co-editor of NGOs and the Millennium Development Goals: Citizen Action to Reduce Poverty, and author or co-author of some 3 dozen journal articles.

• Introducing Economic Development: A Global PerspectiveComparative Economic DevelopmentClassic Theories of Economic Growth and DevelopmentContemporary Models of Development and UnderdevelopmentPoverty, Inequality, and DevelopmentPopulation Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and ControversiesUrbanisation and Rural-Urban Migration: Theory and PolicyHuman Capital: Education and Health in Economic DevelopmentAgricultural Transformation and Rural DevelopmentThe Environment and DevelopmentDevelopment Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil SocietyInternational Trade Theory and Development StrategyBalance of Payments, Debt, Financial Crises, and Sustainable Recovery: Principles, Cases and PoliciesForeign Finance, Investment, Aid, and Conflict: Controversies and OpportunitiesFormal and Informal Finance, Central Banking, Fiscal Policy, and Public Administration in Economic DevelopmentFrontier Technologies and Inclusive Development: The Potential and Risks of Artificial IntelligenceGlossary