Ayşe Engin Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Neonatology at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. She graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. She became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, she worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting neonatology fellow. She is the author of several medical and non-medical books. Emin Sami Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. He graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. He became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, he worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting pediatric infectious diseases fellow. He is the author of several medical and non-medical books. He is also the chief co-editor of the Journal of Pediatric Infection.Nuray Bayar Muluk, MD, has been working at the Otolaryngology Department at Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey since 1997, and has been a Professor at the same University since 2008. She graduated from Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine in 1990 and completed her ENT residency at the same University in 1994. Her interests include basic research, projects, and rhinology. She has published 220 international and 70 national papers and she is a co-editor of 3 international books, 6 national books and 2 translated books. She has written 17 international book chapters, 47 national book-chapters, and 11 translated book chapters.Cemal Cingi, MD, is a Professor in the Otorhinolaryngology Department at Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir, Turkey. He graduated from the School of Medicine, Istanbul University in 1984 and then entered the Otorhinolaryngology Residency Programme at Anadolu University, Eskisehir, becoming a Specialist in ORL & HNS in 1990. He was appointed as an Associate Professor in 1995 and as a Professor in 2001. In 2013 he became an accredited Specialist in Mouth, Face, and Chin Surgery. Dr. Cingi served as the Chair of the ENT Section of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and President of the Asian Facial Plastic Surgery Society (AFPSS). He is an editorial board member for several journals.Armando G. Correa MD is currently an assistant professor at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. He received his medical degree from the Medical School of Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México. He trained at the Children’s Hospital of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA and subsequently at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA for his pediatric Infectious Diseases fellowship. He was an Assistant Professor at Baylor College of Medicine between 1993 – 2002, and an Assistant Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota between 2002 – 2005.

• Part I : General Overview.- 1. Pediatric Hearing Loss.- 2. Newborn Hearing Screening.- 3. Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 4. Communicating with a Child with Hearing Loss.- 5. Communication in the family of a hearing-impaired child.- Part II : Congenital and Neonatal Infections.- 6. Congenital Infections and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 7. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 8. Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Hearing Loss.- 9. Congenital Rubella Infection and Hearing Loss.- 10. Congenital Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 11. Congenital Zika Virus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 12. Hearing Loss in Neonates Exposed to Herpes Simplex Virus.- 13. Hearing Loss in Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis.- Part III : Focal and Systemic Infectious Diseases.- 14. Otitis Externa in Children and Auditory Impairment.- 15. Necrotising (Malignant) Otitis Externa and Auditory Impairment in Children.- 16. Acute Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 17. OtitisMedia with Effusion and Hearing Loss in Children.- 18. Recurrent Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 19. Mastoiditis and Hearing Loss in Children.- 20. Labyrinthitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 21. Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 22. Recurrent Meningitis, Congenital Defects, and Hearing Loss.- 23. Focal Suppurative Infections of the Central Nervous System in Children and Hearing Loss.- 24. Viral Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 25. Meningoencephalitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part IV : Bacterial Infections.- 26. Bacterial Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 27. Group B Streptococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 28. Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 29. Meningococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 30. Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 31. Gram-Negative Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 32. Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 33. Citrobacter Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 34. Fusobacterium Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 35. Streptococcus suis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 36. Lyme Disease and Hearing Loss in Children.- 37. Tuberculosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 38. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 39. Cat-Scratch Disease in Children and Hearing Loss.- 40. Bordetella pertussis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 41. Diphtheria and Hearing Loss.- 42. Brucellosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 43. Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 44. Chlamydia Psittaci Infection and Hearing Loss.- 45. Rickettsial Diseases in Children and Hearing Loss.- 46. Scrub typhus and hearing loss: Orientia tsutsugamushi infection via Leptotrombidium bites.- 47. Tropheryma whipplei Infection (Whipple’s Disease) and Hearing Loss.- Part V : Viral Infections.- 48.Viral Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 49. Measles Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 50. Mumps Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 51. Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 52. Herpes Zoster Oticus and Hearing Loss.- 53. Enterovirus Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 54. COVID-19 in Children and Hearing Loss.- 55. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 56. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 57. Lassa Fever and Hearing Loss.- 58. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Hearing Loss.- Part VI : Fungal Infections.- 59. Fungal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 60. Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part VII : Parasitic Infections.- 61. Parasitic Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 62. Angiostrongylus cantonensis (The Rat Lungworm) Infection and Hearing Loss.- Part VIII: Prion Diseases.- 63. Prion Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 64. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part IX : Diseases of Unknown Etiology.- 65. Kawasaki Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part X : Autoinflammatory Syndromes.- 66. Periodic Fever Syndromes in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part XI : Vaccines.- 67. Vaccines and Hearing Loss.- Part XII : Cochlear Implants.- 68. Cochlear Implant Infections in Children.- Part XIII : Therapeutic Agents.- 69. Antibacterial Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 70. Antituberculous Agents for Pediatric Mycobacterial Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 71. Antiviral Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 72. Antifungal Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 73. Antiparasitic Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.

Ayşe Engin Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Neonatology at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. She graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. She became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, she worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting neonatology fellow. She is the author of several medical and non-medical books. Emin Sami Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. He graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. He became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, he worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting pediatric infectious diseases fellow. He is the author of several medical and non-medical books. He is also the chief co-editor of the Journal of Pediatric Infection.Nuray Bayar Muluk, MD, has been working at the Otolaryngology Department at Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey since 1997, and has been a Professor at the same University since 2008. She graduated from Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine in 1990 and completed her ENT residency at the same University in 1994. Her interests include basic research, projects, and rhinology. She has published 220 international and 70 national papers and she is a co-editor of 3 international books, 6 national books and 2 translated books. She has written 17 international book chapters, 47 national book-chapters, and 11 translated book chapters.Cemal Cingi, MD, is a Professor in the Otorhinolaryngology Department at Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir, Turkey. He graduated from the School of Medicine, Istanbul University in 1984 and then entered the Otorhinolaryngology Residency Programme at Anadolu University, Eskisehir, becoming a Specialist in ORL & HNS in 1990. He was appointed as an Associate Professor in 1995 and as a Professor in 2001. In 2013 he became an accredited Specialist in Mouth, Face, and Chin Surgery. Dr. Cingi served as the Chair of the ENT Section of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and President of the Asian Facial Plastic Surgery Society (AFPSS). He is an editorial board member for several journals.Armando G. Correa MD is currently an assistant professor at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. He received his medical degree from the Medical School of Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México. He trained at the Children’s Hospital of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA and subsequently at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA for his pediatric Infectious Diseases fellowship. He was an Assistant Professor at Baylor College of Medicine between 1993 – 2002, and an Assistant Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota between 2002 – 2005.

• Part I : General Overview.- 1. Pediatric Hearing Loss.- 2. Newborn Hearing Screening.- 3. Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 4. Communicating with a Child with Hearing Loss.- 5. Communication in the family of a hearing-impaired child.- Part II : Congenital and Neonatal Infections.- 6. Congenital Infections and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 7. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 8. Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Hearing Loss.- 9. Congenital Rubella Infection and Hearing Loss.- 10. Congenital Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 11. Congenital Zika Virus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 12. Hearing Loss in Neonates Exposed to Herpes Simplex Virus.- 13. Hearing Loss in Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis.- Part III : Focal and Systemic Infectious Diseases.- 14. Otitis Externa in Children and Auditory Impairment.- 15. Necrotising (Malignant) Otitis Externa and Auditory Impairment in Children.- 16. Acute Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 17. OtitisMedia with Effusion and Hearing Loss in Children.- 18. Recurrent Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 19. Mastoiditis and Hearing Loss in Children.- 20. Labyrinthitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 21. Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 22. Recurrent Meningitis, Congenital Defects, and Hearing Loss.- 23. Focal Suppurative Infections of the Central Nervous System in Children and Hearing Loss.- 24. Viral Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 25. Meningoencephalitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part IV : Bacterial Infections.- 26. Bacterial Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 27. Group B Streptococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 28. Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 29. Meningococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 30. Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 31. Gram-Negative Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 32. Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 33. Citrobacter Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 34. Fusobacterium Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 35. Streptococcus suis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 36. Lyme Disease and Hearing Loss in Children.- 37. Tuberculosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 38. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 39. Cat-Scratch Disease in Children and Hearing Loss.- 40. Bordetella pertussis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 41. Diphtheria and Hearing Loss.- 42. Brucellosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 43. Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 44. Chlamydia Psittaci Infection and Hearing Loss.- 45. Rickettsial Diseases in Children and Hearing Loss.- 46. Scrub typhus and hearing loss: Orientia tsutsugamushi infection via Leptotrombidium bites.- 47. Tropheryma whipplei Infection (Whipple’s Disease) and Hearing Loss.- Part V : Viral Infections.- 48.Viral Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 49. Measles Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 50. Mumps Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 51. Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 52. Herpes Zoster Oticus and Hearing Loss.- 53. Enterovirus Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 54. COVID-19 in Children and Hearing Loss.- 55. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 56. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 57. Lassa Fever and Hearing Loss.- 58. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Hearing Loss.- Part VI : Fungal Infections.- 59. Fungal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 60. Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part VII : Parasitic Infections.- 61. Parasitic Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 62. Angiostrongylus cantonensis (The Rat Lungworm) Infection and Hearing Loss.- Part VIII: Prion Diseases.- 63. Prion Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 64. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part IX : Diseases of Unknown Etiology.- 65. Kawasaki Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part X : Autoinflammatory Syndromes.- 66. Periodic Fever Syndromes in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part XI : Vaccines.- 67. Vaccines and Hearing Loss.- Part XII : Cochlear Implants.- 68. Cochlear Implant Infections in Children.- Part XIII : Therapeutic Agents.- 69. Antibacterial Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 70. Antituberculous Agents for Pediatric Mycobacterial Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 71. Antiviral Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 72. Antifungal Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 73. Antiparasitic Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.

Ayşe Engin Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Neonatology at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. She graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. She became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, she worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting neonatology fellow. She is the author of several medical and non-medical books. Emin Sami Arısoy MD is currently working as the Head of Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases at the Kocaeli University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, in Kocaeli, Turkey. He graduated from the Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, in 1979 and completed her pediatry residency at the same University in 1983. He became an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in pediatrics in 1999. In addition, he worked at Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital (1992-1993, 1997-1998) as a visiting pediatric infectious diseases fellow. He is the author of several medical and non-medical books. He is also the chief co-editor of the Journal of Pediatric Infection.Nuray Bayar Muluk, MD, has been working at the Otolaryngology Department at Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey since 1997, and has been a Professor at the same University since 2008. She graduated from Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine in 1990 and completed her ENT residency at the same University in 1994. Her interests include basic research, projects, and rhinology. She has published 220 international and 70 national papers and she is a co-editor of 3 international books, 6 national books and 2 translated books. She has written 17 international book chapters, 47 national book-chapters, and 11 translated book chapters.Cemal Cingi, MD, is a Professor in the Otorhinolaryngology Department at Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty, Eskisehir, Turkey. He graduated from the School of Medicine, Istanbul University in 1984 and then entered the Otorhinolaryngology Residency Programme at Anadolu University, Eskisehir, becoming a Specialist in ORL & HNS in 1990. He was appointed as an Associate Professor in 1995 and as a Professor in 2001. In 2013 he became an accredited Specialist in Mouth, Face, and Chin Surgery. Dr. Cingi served as the Chair of the ENT Section of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and President of the Asian Facial Plastic Surgery Society (AFPSS). He is an editorial board member for several journals.Armando G. Correa MD is currently an assistant professor at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. He received his medical degree from the Medical School of Instituto Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, México. He trained at the Children’s Hospital of Austin, Austin, Texas, USA and subsequently at the Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA for his pediatric Infectious Diseases fellowship. He was an Assistant Professor at Baylor College of Medicine between 1993 – 2002, and an Assistant Professor at the Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota between 2002 – 2005.

• Part I : General Overview.- 1. Pediatric Hearing Loss.- 2. Newborn Hearing Screening.- 3. Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 4. Communicating with a Child with Hearing Loss.- 5. Communication in the family of a hearing-impaired child.- Part II : Congenital and Neonatal Infections.- 6. Congenital Infections and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 7. Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 8. Congenital Toxoplasmosis and Hearing Loss.- 9. Congenital Rubella Infection and Hearing Loss.- 10. Congenital Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 11. Congenital Zika Virus Infection and Hearing Loss.- 12. Hearing Loss in Neonates Exposed to Herpes Simplex Virus.- 13. Hearing Loss in Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis.- Part III : Focal and Systemic Infectious Diseases.- 14. Otitis Externa in Children and Auditory Impairment.- 15. Necrotising (Malignant) Otitis Externa and Auditory Impairment in Children.- 16. Acute Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 17. OtitisMedia with Effusion and Hearing Loss in Children.- 18. Recurrent Otitis Media and Hearing Loss in Children.- 19. Mastoiditis and Hearing Loss in Children.- 20. Labyrinthitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 21. Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 22. Recurrent Meningitis, Congenital Defects, and Hearing Loss.- 23. Focal Suppurative Infections of the Central Nervous System in Children and Hearing Loss.- 24. Viral Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 25. Meningoencephalitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part IV : Bacterial Infections.- 26. Bacterial Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 27. Group B Streptococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 28. Pneumococcal Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 29. Meningococcal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 30. Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 31. Gram-Negative Bacterial Meningitis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 32. Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 33. Citrobacter Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 34. Fusobacterium Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 35. Streptococcus suis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 36. Lyme Disease and Hearing Loss in Children.- 37. Tuberculosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 38. Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 39. Cat-Scratch Disease in Children and Hearing Loss.- 40. Bordetella pertussis Infection and Hearing Loss.- 41. Diphtheria and Hearing Loss.- 42. Brucellosis in Children and Hearing Loss.- 43. Syphilis and Hearing Loss.- 44. Chlamydia Psittaci Infection and Hearing Loss.- 45. Rickettsial Diseases in Children and Hearing Loss.- 46. Scrub typhus and hearing loss: Orientia tsutsugamushi infection via Leptotrombidium bites.- 47. Tropheryma whipplei Infection (Whipple’s Disease) and Hearing Loss.- Part V : Viral Infections.- 48.Viral Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 49. Measles Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 50. Mumps Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 51. Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 52. Herpes Zoster Oticus and Hearing Loss.- 53. Enterovirus Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 54. COVID-19 in Children and Hearing Loss.- 55. Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 56. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- 57. Lassa Fever and Hearing Loss.- 58. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Hearing Loss.- Part VI : Fungal Infections.- 59. Fungal Infections in Children and Hearing Loss.- 60. Cryptococcal Meningoencephalitis Infection in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part VII : Parasitic Infections.- 61. Parasitic Infections in Children and Hearing Loss: An Overview.- 62. Angiostrongylus cantonensis (The Rat Lungworm) Infection and Hearing Loss.- Part VIII: Prion Diseases.- 63. Prion Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 64. Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part IX : Diseases of Unknown Etiology.- 65. Kawasaki Disease and Hearing Loss.- Part X : Autoinflammatory Syndromes.- 66. Periodic Fever Syndromes in Children and Hearing Loss.- Part XI : Vaccines.- 67. Vaccines and Hearing Loss.- Part XII : Cochlear Implants.- 68. Cochlear Implant Infections in Children.- Part XIII : Therapeutic Agents.- 69. Antibacterial Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 70. Antituberculous Agents for Pediatric Mycobacterial Diseases and Hearing Loss.- 71. Antiviral Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 72. Antifungal Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.- 73. Antiparasitic Agents for Pediatric Infections, and Hearing Loss.