Advances in Environmental Science and Technology – serie

A comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of one of the deadliest toxins and its impact on ecological and human health. Part one contains a thorough treatment of the chemical nature of arsenic, its environmental behavior and its measurement through contemporary analytical methods. Part two deals with the latest findings from a wide range of international research groups into the repercussions of arsenic exposures on human health and the ecosystem.

Up-to-date coverage of vanadium research--in two accessible, self-contained volumes Vanadium in the Environment brings together the contributions of leading experts on the chemical and toxicological aspects of vanadium exposure and its effects on aquatic and terrestrial environments, human health, and wildlife. This second volume focuses on health effects and toxicology in living organisms, while Part One concentrates on chemistry and biochemistry. Topics in this second volume include: Health effects of environmental exposure to vanadiumtoxicology of vanadium in mammalsMutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity of vanadiumBaseline vanadium levels and exposure tests in humansVanadium and metabolic problemsVanadium and its significance in animal cell metabolismHematological effects of vanadium in living organismsGenetic toxicology of vanadium compoundsVanadium and the cardiovascular system: regulatory effects and toxicityOxidative stress and pro-oxidant biological effects of vanadiumEndocrine control of vanadium accumulationVanadium detoxificationVanadium as a new tool for cancer prevention

Up-to-date coverage of vanadium research--in two accessible,self-contained volumes Vanadium in the Environment brings togetherthe contributions of leading experts on the chemical andtoxicological aspects of vanadium exposure and its effects onaquatic and terrestrial environments, human health, and wildlife.This initial volume focuses on chemistry and biochemistry, whilePart Two concentrates on health effects and toxicology in livingorganisms. Topics in this first volume include:* History, occurrence, and uses of vanadium* Vanadium in the atmosphere* Chemistry of relevance to vanadium in the environment* Water quality criteria for vanadium* Spectroscopic methods for the characterization of vanadiumcomplexes* Bioaccumulation and transfer of vanadium in marineorganisms* Structure, function, and models of biogenic vanadiumcompounds* Catalytic effects of vanadium on phosphoryl transferenzymes* Bioactivity of vanadium compounds on cells in culture

This two part volume in the Advances in Environmental Science and Technology series is organized and presented in the same manner as the successful Arsenic in the Environment books. The author has assembled an international panel of experts to address the effects of vanadium exposure on aquatic and terrestrial environments, on human health, and on wildlife, This monograph is the most up-to-date resource on the chemical and toxicological aspects of vanadium exposure available, and one of the few to explore this topic in a focused manner.

An element in the earth's crust, an additive in livestock feed. a medicine in early civilization--and the "toxin of toxins" A pervasive part of our natural environment and everyday lives. arsenic has nonetheless earned a niche in history as a substance of diabolical suppleness. Part II of the first comprehensive and up-to-date two-volume study of arsenic, Arsenic in the Environment is a self-contained work that examines arsenic's complex and potentially deadly chemistry, stressing its effect on human health and the surrounding ecosystem. Examining new and unexplored aspects of the toxin, Part II features original research from some of the world's foremost scientists on: Health effects of environmental arsenicToxicity and metabolism of inorganic and methylated arsenicalsEffects of arsenic on DNA synthesis of human lymphocytesEstimation of human exposure to and uptake of arsenic found in drinking waterArsenic hazards to plants and animalsOffering a host of subjects of particular interest to toxicologists, medical researchers, public health officials, and industrial hygienists, Part II of Arsenic in the Environment is an indispensable reference that sheds new light on arsenic's unique chemistry as well as its health and environmental effects.

Chromium in the Natural and Human Environments Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and Evert Nieboer "Essential reading for researchers and students of environmental and occupational health effects of metals." --The Science of the Total Environment Representing the most comprehensive coverage to date on the uses of chromium, its sources (both natural and anthropogenic), and occurrence in the air, water, and soil, this timely volume addresses the growing concern about chromium's ultimate effect on the environment. The toxicity of chromium to terrestrial and aquatic biota is examined in relation to its chemistry and biochemistry, with discussion of toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Features include graphical representation of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type. 1988 (0 471-85643-6) 571 pp. Cadmium in the Aquatic Environment Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and John B. Sprague "This book contains a wealth of information useful to many different types of scientists." --Journal of the American Chemical Society Considered a priority natural water contaminant, cadmium has, like other toxic metals, been closely monitored. Featuring the latest research of some of the world's leading environmental specialists, this important text is a comprehensive look at the sources, distribution, and fate of cadmium in aquatic ecosystems, as well as the biocycling and ecotoxicity of cadmium in natural waters. The book's topical breadth also includes cadmium associations in freshwater and marine sediments, the latest techniques used for cadmium detection, and the scientific rationale needed to establish water quality criteria and standards for the presence of cadmium. 1987 (0 471-85884-6)272pp. Food Contamination From Environmental Sources Edited by Jerome O. Nriagu and Milagros S. Simmons "The quality of the writing is uniformly high.the book will serve as a valuable reference to graduate-level readers in food science, public health, and toxicology, as well as to environmental biologists and chemists." --Choice The exposure of all levels of the human food chain to environmental contaminants has transformed the human body into a biomonitor of environmental pollutants. This international collection of 22 studies from leading researchers examines every facet of the problem. The book's far-ranging and detailed coverage includes the detection, sources, distribution, speciation, and bioavailability of environmental contaminants and their metabolites in various food products, as well as the toxicological and health significance of the observed contaminant levels in foods. 1990 (0 471-50891-8) 785 pp.

Focuses not only on various methods of sampling and analyzing gaseous pollutants in the atmosphere but also emphasizes an understanding of the chemical and physical processes that occur. Evaluates current measurement methods; reports on the results of recent research; and surveys the challenges that lie ahead. Of particular interest is an expert overview of the sources, occurrences and characteristics of volatile organic compounds in indoor environments--a growing public health concern.

The chemical enigma that is both a pollutant and anantipollutant--and environmental science's newest causecelebre.oxidants Responsible for chemical reactions both harmfuland benign, oxidants represent the sort of chemical puzzle thathave scientists both concerned and fascinated. Implicated in deadlysmog episodes and arteriosclerosis, oxidants have also played amajor role in treating polluted waters and in certain anticancerdrugs. A broad-based, up-to-date examination of the environmentalchemistry and toxicology of oxidants, Environmental Oxidants is acompendium of the latest research being done in the field. Bringingtogether the work of noted researches, the book contains a detailedlook at:* Evolution, production, distribution, and fate of oxidants in theatmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere* Influence of human activities on oxidative processes in theatmosphere* Oxidative stress at the cellular, systemic, and ecosystemlevels* Use of oxidants in wastewater treatment processesA selective and incisive look at the current state of research onoxidants, Environmental Oxidants provides environmental scientistsand engineers with an informative, detailed discussion of just howand why oxidants have emerged as a key issue in human health andenvironmental integrity.

A comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of one of the deadliest toxins and its impact on ecological and human health. Part one contains a thorough treatment of the chemical nature of arsenic, its environmental behavior and its measurement through contemporary analytical methods. Part two deals with the latest findings from a wide range of international research groups into the repercussions of arsenic exposures on human health and the ecosystem.

Surveys the state-of-the-art in the toxicology of important aquatic pollutants. Evaluates new concepts, methods, and data, and provides an overview of key research results. Topics covered range from the principles of aquatic toxicology and the development of water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic resources, to the environmental effects of monitoring and future trends in water quality management. Emphasized is the importance of the linkages between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to practical and effective environmental effects assessment.

Provides a comprehensive chemical and biochemical treatment on the effects of chromium in the environment and in man. Such an integrated treatment of the chemical and biochemical aspects of chromium is novel and has not appeared in the published literature. Reviews the information on global cycling and environmental occurrence of chromium compounds, which defines the extent of the environmental and toxicological concern. The treatment of chromium chemistry provides the basis for toxicological models of chromium hypersensitivity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics. Chapters contain graphical representations of the voluminous mutagenicity and animal carcinogenicity data according to chromium compound type, and a tabular summary of all published epidemiological data, broken down according to industry. Also covers clinical patterns, prognosis, pathogenesis, prophylaxis, and environmental and biological monitoring.

Presents a comprehensive account of current research on the chemistry and toxicology of cadmium in natural waters. Discusses the sources, distribution, and fate of cadmium in aquatic ecosystems, including coverage of the biocycling and exotoxicity of cadmium to materia and fresh water biota. A succinct review of the analytical chemistry of cadmium in natural waters is also included. The contributors emphasize general principles rather than comprehensive documentation, making this volume accessible to a wide audience. The technical information helps provide the scientific rationale needed in the continuing effort to establish water quality criteria and standards for cadmium.