Advances in System Analysis – serie

The advent of the high-speed computer with its enormous storage capabilities enabled statisticians as well as researchers from the different topics of life sciences to apply mul­ tivariate statistical procedures to large data sets to explore their structures. More and more, methods of graphical representation and data analysis are used for investigations. These methods belong to a topic of growing popUlarity, known as "exploratory data analysis" or EDA. In many applications, there is reason to believe that a set of objects can be clus­ tered into subgroups that differ in meaningful ways. Extensive data sets, for example, are stored in clinical cancer registers. In large data sets like these, nobody would ex­ pect the objects to be homogeneous. The most commonly used terms for the class of procedures that seek to separate the component data into groups are "cluster analysis" or "numerical taxonomy". The origins of cluster analysis can be found in biology and anthropology at the beginning of the century. The first systematic investigations in cluster analysis are those of K. Pearson in 1894. The search for classifications or ty­ pologies of objects or persons, however, is indigenous not only to biology but to a wide variety of disciplines. Thus, in recent years, a growing interest in classification and related areas has taken place. Today, we see applications of cluster analysis not only to. biology but also to such diverse areas as psychology, regional analysis, marketing research, chemistry, archaeology and medicine.

This book is an outcome of a 2-days Workshop on Automation Engineering held in Salzhausen (near Hamburg), F.R. Germany. The Workshop is annually organ­ ized by the Institute of Automation Technology and the Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry of the University of Bremen. It is regularly joined by 30 to 40 participants representing the teaching and reserarch staff of both Institutes, as weIl as some invited colleagues from other universities and the regional industry. Usually 15/20 selected contributions, grouped in technical sessions (system modelling and identification, control systems design, computer hardware and soft­ ware, knowledge-based systems, robotics etc.), are presented at the Workshop, whereby the invited guests preferably present survey papers on current problems of modern systems engineering. For this book, 22 papers, contributed to the last two Workshops, are selected and grouped into 6 Chapters. The Chapters reflect the technical sessions listed above and give an average view on current research activities at both Institutes of the University. It is expected that the book will prove as a useful reference to the scientists and practicing engineers in the area of devel­ opment and application of methods of modern systems engineering in processing industry and the robotics.