Drugs, Health, and Social Policy – serie

An up-to-date consideration of women who are plagued by crack cocaine addiction, Crack Cocaine, Crime, and Women provides integral information on the legal, lifestyle, and treatment issues specific to these drug addicts. Author Sue Mahan discusses the divergent perspectives surrounding the controversial status of these women and offers insight into their tormented reality. In a clear and practical manner, Mahan examines the common patterns of crack-addicted women and the implications for policy and practice. This informative volume also addresses the tragic consequences of children born to addicted mothers and stresses the need for policies and resources that support their well-being. Crack Cocaine, Crime, and Women offers a broad and informed perspective on the problem of crack-addicted women for a wide range of urban human service professionals, including counselors, social workers, law enforcement personnel, public health professionals, women's services providers, criminal justice professionals, and advanced students preparing to work in these fields.

An up-to-date consideration of women who are plagued by crack cocaine addiction, Crack Cocaine, Crime, and Women provides integral information on the legal, lifestyle, and treatment issues specific to these drug addicts. Author Sue Mahan discusses the divergent perspectives surrounding the controversial status of these women and offers insight into their tormented reality. In a clear and practical manner, Mahan examines the common patterns of crack-addicted women and the implications for policy and practice. This informative volume also addresses the tragic consequences of children born to addicted mothers and stresses the need for policies and resources that support their well-being. Crack Cocaine, Crime, and Women offers a broad and informed perspective on the problem of crack-addicted women for a wide range of urban human service professionals, including counselors, social workers, law enforcement personnel, public health professionals, women's services providers, criminal justice professionals, and advanced students preparing to work in these fields.

In a state-of-the-art presentation, Heroin in the Age of Crack-Cocaine presents articles by experts in the field on current developments and emerging trends in addition to a historical overview of heroin use in this country. Filling a void in the literature on whatÆs known about the "new" heroin users, this volume also updates the readers on the status of aging heroin addicted populations who initiated use of the drug prior to the "age of cocaine." Having moved from the stereotypical "shooting galleries" of back alleys in inner city neighborhoods, heroin addiction continues to rise in mainstream culture and new ways of administration have come into use. A relative abundance of purer Southeast Asian heroin, the rapid rise in popularity of crack-cocaine, treatment controversies, and the realized role that injection drug use plays in the transmission of HIV all suggest increased dimensions of the heroin problem and in their saliency for the 1990s and beyond. Academics, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students will find Heroin in the Age of Crack-Cocaine to be a comprehensive and significant contribution to existing research, as well as a stimulant to further discussion and study of this rapidly evolving issue and its impact in the health and criminal justice arenas of our society.

In a state-of-the-art presentation, Heroin in the Age of Crack-Cocaine presents articles by experts in the field on current developments and emerging trends in addition to a historical overview of heroin use in this country. Filling a void in the literature on whatÆs known about the "new" heroin users, this volume also updates the readers on the status of aging heroin addicted populations who initiated use of the drug prior to the "age of cocaine." Having moved from the stereotypical "shooting galleries" of back alleys in inner city neighborhoods, heroin addiction continues to rise in mainstream culture and new ways of administration have come into use. A relative abundance of purer Southeast Asian heroin, the rapid rise in popularity of crack-cocaine, treatment controversies, and the realized role that injection drug use plays in the transmission of HIV all suggest increased dimensions of the heroin problem and in their saliency for the 1990s and beyond. Academics, researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and students will find Heroin in the Age of Crack-Cocaine to be a comprehensive and significant contribution to existing research, as well as a stimulant to further discussion and study of this rapidly evolving issue and its impact in the health and criminal justice arenas of our society.

This brief and readable volume focuses on five case studies in judicial innovation - the dedicated drug treatment courts in Miami, Oakland, Ft. Lauderdale, Portland, and Phoenix. Each case is presented in a chapter written by a local expert to describe and evaluate five prime examples of dedicated drug treatment courts. Editor W. Clinton Terry, III introduces this volume with a chapter that covers judicial innovation and dedicated drug courts, revealing that dedicated courts are unique because of their focus on treatment; the nontraditional, collaborative approach to treatment; and monitoring of by the judiciary. As Terry emphasizes, the court becomes an integral part of the treatment process itself, not just a referral point for offenders. The subsequent chapters are written to a common outline, creating a tightly edited and cohesive volume that addresses the following points:

- Community demographics

- Structural organization of the court

- Court caseloads, including drug cases

- Description of the initial decision to implement dedicated drug treatment courts

- Successes and failures of initial goals and objectives, and subsequent adaptations

- Measures of long-term successes and failures (recidivism and successful completion of treatment programs)

The concluding chapter, written by John Goldkamp, a proven researcher of drug courts, synthesizes the research from the evaluation of the exemplar courts, and examines other areas of possible research that would provide a firmer understanding about these courts - all of which speaks to the continued development and refinement of dedicated drug treatment courts. With approximately one billion dollars in federal monies earmarked for the creation of drug courts, this unique book offers a road map to the effective utilization of those funds.

Prisons are bursting at the seams, filled with drug-abusing criminal offenders as a result of the continuing "war on drugs." Yet rates of drug use among these offenders continue to skyrocket, showing that incarceration alone proves an inadequate solution. Faced with a drug crisis, what options do the courts have to deal with this problem population? Offering a unique perspective, Drug Control and the Courts skillfully examines the history, development, and current status of drug control programs and the criminal justice system. This cutting-edge volume identifies notable trends--such as the growing need for HIV and AIDS screening among offenders and the documented success of compulsory and coerced drug treatment programs--that can strongly influence criminal justice procedures for dealing with drug-involved offenders. Authors James A. Inciardi, Duane C. McBride, and James E. Rivers critically examine successful programs and push for expanding the coordinated efforts of the courts and drug abuse treatment services. Featuring the combined expertise of the authors, the analysis in Drug Control and the Courts will be of interest to students in criminology, criminal justice, and sociology as well as researchers, practitioners, academics, and policymakers.

Prisons are bursting at the seams, filled with drug-abusing criminal offenders as a result of the continuing "war on drugs." Yet rates of drug use among these offenders continue to skyrocket, showing that incarceration alone proves an inadequate solution. Faced with a drug crisis, what options do the courts have to deal with this problem population? Offering a unique perspective, Drug Control and the Courts skillfully examines the history, development, and current status of drug control programs and the criminal justice system. This cutting-edge volume identifies notable trends--such as the growing need for HIV and AIDS screening among offenders and the documented success of compulsory and coerced drug treatment programs--that can strongly influence criminal justice procedures for dealing with drug-involved offenders. Authors James A. Inciardi, Duane C. McBride, and James E. Rivers critically examine successful programs and push for expanding the coordinated efforts of the courts and drug abuse treatment services. Featuring the combined expertise of the authors, the analysis in Drug Control and the Courts will be of interest to students in criminology, criminal justice, and sociology as well as researchers, practitioners, academics, and policymakers.

Glenn D. Walter's short book Drugs and Crime in Lifestyle Perspective is another gem; it works purposefully with the complexity and diversity of the drugs-crime linkages and connections insisting that traditional ways of researching and intervening with those caught up in deviant lifestyles where drugs and crime are endemic, are unproductive. This is a book for 'thinking' practitioners and those concerned with creating local multiagency policy or working with drug users and offenders selling or using drugs. It offers no easy assessments or solutions but is the more productive for that. --Howard Parker in British Journal of

Glenn D. Walter's short book Drugs and Crime in Lifestyle Perspective is another gem; it works purposefully with the complexity and diversity of the drugs-crime linkages and connections insisting that traditional ways of researching and intervening with those caught up in deviant lifestyles where drugs and crime are endemic, are unproductive. This is a book for 'thinking' practitioners and those concerned with creating local multiagency policy or working with drug users and offenders selling or using drugs. It offers no easy assessments or solutions but is the more productive for that. --Howard Parker in British Journal of

This valuable study integrates concepts from environmental criminology and problem-oriented policing in a rigorous evaluation of civil remedies used to inhibit drug dealing. --Ronald V. Clarke, Dean, School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University "Policing Places with Drug Problems is well-written, current, and interesting. In particular, it is by far the best description that I have read on the topic of 'place-oriented' strategies of crime control. The integration of the literature on different strategies is outstanding. The book will make an important contribution to the field. Police officers and administrators as well as academics, researchers, and policymakers will find the literature review and research interesting and informative." --Doris L. MacKenzie, University of Maryland at College Park "SMART inspections began as an innovative search for alternative ways to solve community problems. This book captures the essence of the program, its positive results, and raises issues about the future of police problem-solving efforts." --Bob Crawford, Founder, Beat Health Unit, Oakland Police Department "In Policing Places with Drug Problems, Lorraine Green has paid close attention to the lessons of the new criminology of crime prevention. Her methods are cautious and thoughtful, and tailor-made to the substantive problems she examines. This is one of the first major criminal justice evaluations to rely heavily on computer mapping technologies. Accordingly, Green draws from a broad array of data but links them to the places where the interventions are practiced. Her conclusions hold particular weight because she has selected a case study that provides a clear and powerful test of the crime prevention components that it employs. . . . This is an important book with significant research and policy implications. Its message about policing is one that should be heard by both scholars and policymakers. It provides us with not only guidance from a successful case study but also new and important evidence about the ability of criminal justice agents to do something about crime." --from the Foreword by David Weisburd, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem Timely and informative, Policing Places with Drug Problems focuses on the success of nontraditional, place-oriented drug control strategies in cities across the nation. In her perceptive case study, author Lorraine Green examines SMART (Specialized Multi-Agency Response Team), a program developed by an innovative police practitioner, Sergeant Bob Crawford of the Oakland Police Department. As an alternative to arrest-oriented strategies, SMART engages active enforcement of civil codes and regulatory rules to clean up drug centers, encouraging citizens, landlords, and business owners to work with police in a community effort at drug abatement. In her careful analysis, the author studies the extent to which deviant places can be changed as well as the implications of implementing nontraditional, street-level drug control strategies. A new contribution to policing innovation, this volume concludes with a thoughtful discussion of the challenges that face cities developing alternative drug policing programs. An excellent resource, Policing Places with Drug Problems provides a must-read analysis of place-oriented drug control strategies of particular interest to researchers, practitioners, policymakers, academics and students in criminology, criminal law, policing, urban studies, and social work.

This valuable study integrates concepts from environmental criminology and problem-oriented policing in a rigorous evaluation of civil remedies used to inhibit drug dealing. --Ronald V. Clarke, Dean, School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University "Policing Places with Drug Problems is well-written, current, and interesting. In particular, it is by far the best description that I have read on the topic of 'place-oriented' strategies of crime control. The integration of the literature on different strategies is outstanding. The book will make an important contribution to the field. Police officers and administrators as well as academics, researchers, and policymakers will find the literature review and research interesting and informative." --Doris L. MacKenzie, University of Maryland at College Park "SMART inspections began as an innovative search for alternative ways to solve community problems. This book captures the essence of the program, its positive results, and raises issues about the future of police problem-solving efforts." --Bob Crawford, Founder, Beat Health Unit, Oakland Police Department "In Policing Places with Drug Problems, Lorraine Green has paid close attention to the lessons of the new criminology of crime prevention. Her methods are cautious and thoughtful, and tailor-made to the substantive problems she examines. This is one of the first major criminal justice evaluations to rely heavily on computer mapping technologies. Accordingly, Green draws from a broad array of data but links them to the places where the interventions are practiced. Her conclusions hold particular weight because she has selected a case study that provides a clear and powerful test of the crime prevention components that it employs. . . . This is an important book with significant research and policy implications. Its message about policing is one that should be heard by both scholars and policymakers. It provides us with not only guidance from a successful case study but also new and important evidence about the ability of criminal justice agents to do something about crime." --from the Foreword by David Weisburd, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem Timely and informative, Policing Places with Drug Problems focuses on the success of nontraditional, place-oriented drug control strategies in cities across the nation. In her perceptive case study, author Lorraine Green examines SMART (Specialized Multi-Agency Response Team), a program developed by an innovative police practitioner, Sergeant Bob Crawford of the Oakland Police Department. As an alternative to arrest-oriented strategies, SMART engages active enforcement of civil codes and regulatory rules to clean up drug centers, encouraging citizens, landlords, and business owners to work with police in a community effort at drug abatement. In her careful analysis, the author studies the extent to which deviant places can be changed as well as the implications of implementing nontraditional, street-level drug control strategies. A new contribution to policing innovation, this volume concludes with a thoughtful discussion of the challenges that face cities developing alternative drug policing programs. An excellent resource, Policing Places with Drug Problems provides a must-read analysis of place-oriented drug control strategies of particular interest to researchers, practitioners, policymakers, academics and students in criminology, criminal law, policing, urban studies, and social work.

Research in the mid-1980s on the effects of prenatal drug abuse characterized cocaine-exposed children as moody, inconsolable, less socially interactive, and less able to bond than other children. "Crack babies," in particular, were believed to be less attentive and less able to focus on specific tasks than nonexposed children. Research concluded that these conditions were irreversible and that no amount of special attention or educational programs could turn these cocaine-exposed infants into well-functioning and adjusted children. Methodological problems in these early studies, combined with the fact that cocaine using mothers abuse other drugs as well, have left the research and public health communities uncertain about the cause and effect relationship between cocaine use and pre- and postnatal consequences. Cocaine-Exposed Infants examines what is known about the problem and unravels some of the contradictions in the extant literature. The authors also explore in-depth the media frenzy over so-called crack babies and the resulting legislation that served to criminalize drug use during pregnancy. For researchers, academics, health care providers, and mental health and legal professionals/practitioners, Cocaine-Exposed Infants provides state-of-the-art information in a field now entering its second generation of research. The book is also an excellent supplementary text for courses in criminal justice, corrections, policing, drug/alcohol studies, psychology, public health, and nursing.