Chapman & Hall/CRC Research Notes in Mathematics Series – serie

Until now, no book has systematically presented the recently developed concept of envelopes in function spaces. Envelopes are relatively simple tools for the study of classical and more complicated spaces, such as Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin types, in limiting situations. This theory originates from the classical result of the Sobolev embedding theorem, ubiquitous in all areas of functional analysis.Self-contained and accessible, Envelopes and Sharp Embeddings of Function Spaces provides the first detailed account of the new theory of growth and continuity envelopes in function spaces. The book is well structured into two parts, first providing a comprehensive introduction and then examining more advanced topics. Some of the classical function spaces discussed in the first part include Lebesgue, Lorentz, Lipschitz, and Sobolev. The author defines growth and continuity envelopes and examines their properties. In Part II, the book explores the results for function spaces of Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin types. The author then presents several applications of the results, including Hardy-type inequalities, asymptotic estimates for entropy, and approximation numbers of compact embeddings. As one of the key researchers in this progressing field, the author offers a coherent presentation of the recent developments in function spaces, providing valuable information for graduate students and researchers in functional analysis.

Mathematical Methods of Many-Body Quantum Field Theory offers a comprehensive, mathematically rigorous treatment of many-body physics. It develops the mathematical tools for describing quantum many-body systems and applies them to the many-electron system. These tools include the formalism of second quantization, field theoretical perturbation theory, functional integral methods, bosonic and fermionic, and estimation and summation techniques for Feynman diagrams. Among the physical effects discussed in this context are BCS superconductivity, s-wave and higher l-wave, and the fractional quantum Hall effect. While the presentation is mathematically rigorous, the author does not focus solely on precise definitions and proofs, but also shows how to actually perform the computations.Presenting many recent advances and clarifying difficult concepts, this book provides the background, results, and detail needed to further explore the issue of when the standard approximation schemes in this field actually work and when they break down. At the same time, its clear explanations and methodical, step-by-step calculations shed welcome light on the established physics literature.

This Research Note presents several contributions and mathematical studies in fluid mechanics, namely in non-Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids and on the Navier-Stokes equations in unbounded domains. It includes review of the mathematical analysis of incompressible and compressible flows and results in magnetohydrodynamic and electrohydrodynamic stability and thermoconvective flow of Boussinesq-Stefan type. These studies, along with brief communications on a variety of related topics comprise the proceedings of a summer course held in Lisbon, Portugal in 1991. Together they provide a set of comprehensive survey and advanced introduction to problems in fluid mechanics and partial differential equations.

The general theories contained in the text will give rise to new ideas and methods for the natural inversion formulas for general linear mappings in the framework of Hilbert spaces containing the natural solutions for Fredholm integral equations of the first kind.

An important class of integral expansions generated by Sturm-Liouville theory involving spherical harmonics is commonly known as Mehler-Fock integral transforms. In this book, a number of integral expansions of such type have been established rigorously. As applications, integral expansions of some simple function are also obtained.

The conjugate gradient method is a powerful tool for the iterative solution of self-adjoint operator equations in Hilbert space.This volume summarizes and extends the developments of the past decade concerning the applicability of the conjugate gradient method (and some of its variants) to ill posed problems and their regularization. Such problems occur in applications from almost all natural and technical sciences, including astronomical and geophysical imaging, signal analysis, computerized tomography, inverse heat transfer problems, and many moreThis Research Note presents a unifying analysis of an entire family of conjugate gradient type methods. Most of the results are as yet unpublished, or obscured in the Russian literature. Beginning with the original results by Nemirovskii and others for minimal residual type methods, equally sharp convergence results are then derived with a different technique for the classical Hestenes-Stiefel algorithm. In the final chapter some of these results are extended to selfadjoint indefinite operator equations.The main tool for the analysis is the connection of conjugate gradienttype methods to real orthogonal polynomials, and elementaryproperties of these polynomials. These prerequisites are provided ina first chapter. Applications to image reconstruction and inverseheat transfer problems are pointed out, and exemplarily numericalresults are shown for these applications.

This Research Note presents some recent advances in various important domains of partial differentialequations and applied mathematics including equations and systems of elliptic and parabolic type and various applications in physics,mechanics and engineering.These topics are now part of various areas of science and haveexperienced tremendous development during the last decades.-------------------------------------

This is a developing area of modern probability theory, which has applications in many areas. This volume is devoted to the systematic study of results on large deviations in situations where Cramér's condition on the finiteness of exponential moments may not be satisfied

Appliies variational methods and critical point theory on infinite dimenstional manifolds to some problems in Lorentzian geometry which have a variational nature, such as existence and multiplicity results on geodesics and relations between such geodesics and the topology of the manifold.

Multifractal theory was introduced by theoretical physicists in 1986. Since then, multifractals have increasingly been studied by mathematicians. This new work presents the latest research on random results on random multifractals and the physical thermodynamical interpretation of these results. As the amount of work in this area increases, Lars Olsen presents a unifying approach to current multifractal theory. Featuring high quality, original research material, this important new book fills a gap in the current literature available, providing a rigorous mathematical treatment of multifractal measures.

Multigrid methods are among the most efficient iterative methods for the solution of linear systems which arise in many large scale scientific calculations. Every researcher working with the numerical solution of partial differential equations should at least be familiar with this powerful technique. This invaluable book presents results concerning the rates of convergence of multigrid iterations.

Including previously unpublished, original research material, this comprehensive book analyses topics of fundamental importance in theoretical fluid mechanics. The five papers appearing in this volume are centred around the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations (incompressible and compressible) and certain selected non-Newtonian modifications.

Twistor theory is the remarkable mathematical framework that was discovered by Roger Penrose in the course of research into gravitation and quantum theory. It have since developed into a broad, many-faceted programme that attempts to resolve basic problems in physics by encoding the structure of physical fields and indeed space-time itself into the complex analytic geometry of twistor space.Twistor theory has important applications in diverse areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. These include powerful techniques for the solution of nonlinear equations, in particular the self-duality equations both for the Yang-Mills and the Einstein equations, new approaches to the representation theory of Lie groups, and the quasi-local definition of mass in general relativity, to name but a few.This volume and its companions comprise an abundance of new material, including an extensive collection of Twistor Newsletter articles written over a period of 15 years. These trace the development of the twistor programme and its applications over that period and offer an overview on the current status of various aspects of that programme. The articles have been written in an informal and easy-to-read style and have been arranged by the editors into chapter supplemented by detailed introductions, making each volume self-contained and accessible to graduate students and nonspecialists from other fields.Volume II explores applications of flat twistor space to nonlinear problems. It contains articles on integrable or soluble nonlinear equations, conformal differential geometry, various aspects of general relativity, and the development of Penrose's quasi-local mass construction.

Self-contained and concise, this Research Note provides a basis to study unsteady flow in saturated porous media. It provides for the development of algorithms that examine three-dimensional flows subject to complicated boundary conditions that are a natural consequence of flow in geological systems. A new way to understand the flow in porous media is presented. The authors pay attention to computational considerations, and options for developing codes are addressed. The note consists of five chapters: the first is introductory; the second and third are devoted to showing how one arrives at the solutions of interest; the fourth chapter presents various reformulations to aid computations and presents a few illustrative examples; the fifth chapter is a natural progression of the first four chapters to more complicated visualizations of flow in porous media.

This book is concerned with harmonic maps into homogeneous spaces and focuses upon maps of Riemann surfaces into flag manifolds, to bring results of 'twistor methods' for symmetric spaces into a unified framework by using the theory of compact Lie groups and complex differential geometry.

This is the second of three volumes containing the proceedings of the International Colloquium 'Free Boundary Problems: Theory and Applications', held in Montreal from June 13 to June 22, 1990.The main theme of this volume is the concept of free boundary problems associated with solids. The first free boundary problem, the freezing of water - the Stefan problem - is the prototype of solidification problems which form the main part of this volume. The two sections treting this subject cover a large variety of topics and procedures, ranging from a theoretical mathematical treatment of solvability to numerical procedures for practical problems. Some new and interesting problems in solid mechanics are discussed in the first section while in the last section the important new subject of solid-solid-phase transition is examined.

This Research Note presents a collection of papers on emerging applications in free boundaryproblems. The subjects covered include microgravity, chemical and biological reactions, and electromagnetism and electronics.

This Research Note presents several contributions and mathematical studies in fluid mechanics, namely in non-Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids and on the Navier-Stokes equations in unbounded domains. It includes review of the mathematical analysis of incompressible and compressible flows and results in magnetohydrodynamic and electrohydrodynamic stability and thermoconvective flow of Boussinesq-Stefan type. These studies, along with brief communications on a variety of related topics comprise the proceedings of a summer course held in Lisbon, Portugal in 1991. Together they provide a set of comprehensive survey and advanced introduction to problems in fluid mechanics and partial differential equations.

Including previously unpublished, original research material, this comprehensive book analyses topics of fundamental importance in theoretical fluid mechanics. The five papers appearing in this volume are centred around the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations (incompressible and compressible) and certain selected non-Newtonian modifications.

Problems concerning non-classical elastic solids continue to attract the attention of mathematicians, scientists and engineers. Research in this area addresses problems concerning many substances, such as crystals, polymers, composites, ceramics and blood. This comprehensive, accessible work brings together recent research in this field, and will be of great interest to mathematicians, physicists and other specialists working in this area.

Multigrid methods are among the most efficient iterative methods for the solution of linear systems which arise in many large scale scientific calculations. Every researcher working with the numerical solution of partial differential equations should at least be familiar with this powerful technique. This invaluable book presents results concerning the rates of convergence of multigrid iterations.

Appliies variational methods and critical point theory on infinite dimenstional manifolds to some problems in Lorentzian geometry which have a variational nature, such as existence and multiplicity results on geodesics and relations between such geodesics and the topology of the manifold.

This Research Note presents some recent advances in various important domains of partial differentialequations and applied mathematics including equations and systems of elliptic and parabolic type and various applications in physics,mechanics and engineering.These topics are now part of various areas of science and haveexperienced tremendous development during the last decades.-------------------------------------

This research presents some important domains of partial differential equations and applied mathematics including calculus of variations, control theory, modelling, numerical analysis and various applications in physics, mechanics and engineering. These topics are now part of many areas of science and have experienced tremendous development during the last decades.

When a dynamical system has a large number of parameters it is not possible to get a completely comprehensive picture of all the types of behavior that it may display and one must be content with surveying the system along various corridors of lower dimension. Using an example with three differential equations and six parameters it is shown how the available methods of singularity theory, bifurcation analysis, normal forms, etc. can be used to build up a picture of varied and interesting behavior. The model is a generalization of the Gray-Scott reaction scheme in a single stirred vessel to a two-phase reactor consisting of a reaction chamber and a reservoir communicating with each other through a semi-permeable membrane. Two forms exist according as to whether A is fed to the reactor and B to the reservoir or vice-versa, and show interesting differences of behavior. Both models undergo Hopf bifurcations, pitchfork transitions, have homoclinic orbits, take the period doubling route to chaos and one gets there by intermittency.Besides being of interest to mathematicians as an ecological study of a differentiable system, it is hoped that, though idealized, the fact that it corresponds closely to a real type of reactor will make it attractive to control engineers and others as a testing ground for their various methods and devices. This book will be of particular interest to students and researchers in mathematics and engineering , particularly those working in bifurcation or chaos theory.

Multifractal theory was introduced by theoretical physicists in 1986. Since then, multifractals have increasingly been studied by mathematicians. This new work presents the latest research on random results on random multifractals and the physical thermodynamical interpretation of these results. As the amount of work in this area increases, Lars Olsen presents a unifying approach to current multifractal theory. Featuring high quality, original research material, this important new book fills a gap in the current literature available, providing a rigorous mathematical treatment of multifractal measures.

This is a developing area of modern probability theory, which has applications in many areas. This volume is devoted to the systematic study of results on large deviations in situations where Cramér's condition on the finiteness of exponential moments may not be satisfied

The conjugate gradient method is a powerful tool for the iterative solution of self-adjoint operator equations in Hilbert space.This volume summarizes and extends the developments of the past decade concerning the applicability of the conjugate gradient method (and some of its variants) to ill posed problems and their regularization. Such problems occur in applications from almost all natural and technical sciences, including astronomical and geophysical imaging, signal analysis, computerized tomography, inverse heat transfer problems, and many moreThis Research Note presents a unifying analysis of an entire family of conjugate gradient type methods. Most of the results are as yet unpublished, or obscured in the Russian literature. Beginning with the original results by Nemirovskii and others for minimal residual type methods, equally sharp convergence results are then derived with a different technique for the classical Hestenes-Stiefel algorithm. In the final chapter some of these results are extended to selfadjoint indefinite operator equations.The main tool for the analysis is the connection of conjugate gradienttype methods to real orthogonal polynomials, and elementaryproperties of these polynomials. These prerequisites are provided ina first chapter. Applications to image reconstruction and inverseheat transfer problems are pointed out, and exemplarily numericalresults are shown for these applications.

The problem of solving large, sparse, linear systems of algebraic equations is vital in scientific computing, even for applications originating from quite different fields. A Survey of Preconditioned Iterative Methods presents an up to date overview of iterative methods for numerical solution of such systems. Typically, the methods considered are well suited for the kind of systems arising from the discretization of partial differential equations. The focus of this presentation is on the family of Krylov subspace solvers, of which the Conjugate Gradient algorithm is a typical example. In addition to an introduction to the basic principles of such methods, a large number of specific algorithms for symmetric and nonsymmetric problems are discussed.When solving linear systems by iteration, a preconditioner is usually introduced in order to speed up convergence. In many cases, the selection of a proper preconditioner is crucial to the resulting computational performance. For this reason, this book pays special attention to different preconditioning strategies.Although aimed at a wide audience, the presentation assumes that the reader has basic knowledge of linear algebra, and to some extent, of partial differential equations. The comprehensive bibliography in this survey is provides an entry point to the enormous amount of published research in the field of iterative methods.