Oxford American Endocrinology Library – serie

Over 20 million people in the United States have diabetes, a metabolic disorder characterized by the body's lack of production or ineffective use of insulin, and the rate is on the rise. Diabetes can cause acute, as well as long-term complications when not properly controlled. Some of the complications may include coma, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, blindness, nerve damage, vascular damage, and poor healing which can lead to amputation. Though there is no cure for either Type I or Type II diabetes, ongoing effort to develop new drug and gene therapies continues. In the meantime, the goals of treatment are disease management, prevention of complications, and improved quality of life. The choice of therapeutics varies by diabetes type and may depend on other significant factors. The selected regimen often includes medication, injection therapy, exercise and change in diet.Over the past few decades, awareness of the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes has increased significantly. With approximately one-third of those affected by diabetes unaware of their illness, it is critical to make every effort to identify the disease early in its course. The primary care physician is frequently the first to see patients presenting with pre-diabetes and diabetes symptoms. This highly practical volume is specifically designed for primary care physicians and internists on the frontlines of care. It provides a clinically-focused roadmap to providing optimal care for patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes, from the initial patient visit through testing, goal-setting and follow-up care. It offers up-to-date information on diagnosis and treatment options for all types of diabetes, helping to expedite delivery of appropriate care. Part of the new Oxford American Endocrinology Library, this concise yet comprehensive guide covers current approaches and new developments in the diagnosis, management and treatment of diabetes, including Type I, Type II, and gestational diabetes, as well as additional notes on pre-diabetes. The text covers new and emerging pharmacotherapies and complementary treatment guidelines, as well as valuable guidance on managing the major complications of diabetes. In addition to diet and exercise tips for patients, the guide also provides strategies and tools for inspiring healthier lifestyles and patient compliance to reach health goals.

At a time of dramatic increases in the prevalence of obesity, it is appropriate that Type 2 diabetes has received a great deal of attention by the endocrinology community. Clearly, the management of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk is a critical issue. However, it is important to also acknowledge and address Type 1 diabetes, whose prevalence is also increasing, and whose management remains complex. Currently it is estimated that 10-15% of those with diabetes carry the diagnosis of Type 1 diabetes, and frequently the diagnosis is not straightforward, as many clinicians recognize that more adults previously thought to have Type 2 diabetes actually have late-onset Type 1 diabetes (also termed latent autoimmune diabetes of the adult or LADA). Over the last decade tools for the management of Type 1 diabetes have also evolved; therefore, clinicians now have the opportunity to more closely replicate normal physiologic insulin secretion with either basal-bolus insulin therapy or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions. While these advancements allow clinicians to manage patients with Type 1 diabetes better, they also add complexity to patient treatment. An updated text to address the concepts behind the recognition of new onset Type 1 diabetes in adults, the ongoing care of adults with established Type 1 diabetes, and future potential therapies and devices is warranted to review these issues for both endocrinologists and primary care providers with an interest in diabetes. As part of the Oxford American Endocrinology Library, this volume stands as a concise guide in the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes in adults. The authors briefly examine the classification and pathophysiology of Type 1 diabetes (including predication and prevention and LADA) and address management (blood glucose monitoring, insulin therapy, and Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion) and complications (Hyperglycemia, Retinocpathy, Nephropathy, Neuropathy, etc) of the disease. Finally and perhaps most significantly, the authors consider "special situations" associated with Type 1 Diabetes patients, including inpatient treatment, pancreas and inslet transplantation, and how to treat pregnant and depressed patients and patients with eating disorders.