Pediatric Oncology – serie

Although rare, retinoblastoma has been at the fore- fortunate; while in the developed world eye preser- front of cancer research and treatment for the last tion has become a priority, developing countries c- three decades. The two-hit hypothesis of oncogenesis tinue to face delays in diagnosis, poor access to care, proposed by Alfred Knudson provided the conceptual and suboptimal treatment – the problem in the less framework for tumor suppressor gene research and developed world is cure. led to the discovery of the retinoblastoma pathway as In this book, we have invited a team of experts to a key element in cancer development. More recently, address all those important aspects of retinoblastoma the treatment of children with retinoblastoma has also research and therapy - from biology to epidemiology provided a model for modern approach to the can- to treatment. We hope that in subsequent editions we cer patient; state of the art retinoblastoma treatment will be able to continue to provide updates on such can only be conceived in the context of the multidis- exciting subjects.

Although rare, retinoblastoma has been at the fore- fortunate; while in the developed world eye preser- front of cancer research and treatment for the last tion has become a priority, developing countries c- three decades. The two-hit hypothesis of oncogenesis tinue to face delays in diagnosis, poor access to care, proposed by Alfred Knudson provided the conceptual and suboptimal treatment – the problem in the less framework for tumor suppressor gene research and developed world is cure. led to the discovery of the retinoblastoma pathway as In this book, we have invited a team of experts to a key element in cancer development. More recently, address all those important aspects of retinoblastoma the treatment of children with retinoblastoma has also research and therapy - from biology to epidemiology provided a model for modern approach to the can- to treatment. We hope that in subsequent editions we cer patient; state of the art retinoblastoma treatment will be able to continue to provide updates on such can only be conceived in the context of the multidis- exciting subjects.

This book, co-authored by an internationally acclaimed team of experts in the field of pediatric oncologic imaging, provides a comprehensive update on new advances in diagnostic imaging as they relate to pediatric oncology. In contrast to other oncologic imaging texts focusing on the radiology of specific tumors, this book emphasizes the important fundamentals of imaging that every child with a new or treated malignancy receives. Guidance is provided on the selection and use of appropriate imaging techniques, with individual chapters devoted to each of the major cross-sectional imaging modalities used in the detection and follow-up of pediatric cancers, including PET-CT, PET-MRI, whole-body MRI, and diffusion-weighted MRI. Additional nuclear medicine techniques are addressed, and detailed attention is paid to more advanced areas of practice such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, pediatric interventional radiology techniques, radiation treatment planning, and radiation dose considerations (ALARA). Other areas covered include screening of children with cancer predisposition syndromes, treatment related complications, potential pitfalls during neuro-oncologic imaging, and the risks and benefits inherent in post-therapy surveillance imaging.

This book presents the most up-to-date and innovative information on the targeting and treatment of a wide range of childhood cancers by means of radiation therapy. Written by global experts in pediatric radiation oncology, it documents in detail the treatment regimens appropriate to each disease, highlighting the recent advances that promise to improve rates of survival and cure. The use of image-guided and intensity-modulated radiation therapy is clearly described, and careful attention is also devoted to the roles of proton therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, stereotactic fractionated radiosurgery, and modulated arc radiotherapy. Separate chapters address localization and verification procedures and anesthesia; pediatric radiation oncology in the palliative care setting; and aspects that are especially relevant in low- and medium-income countries. Beyond clinical radiation oncology, relevant information is provided on radiation physics. The book concludes by examining future directions in the field.

This book presents the latest scientific knowledge on inherited and acquired bone marrow failure syndromes, describing the advances in understanding of genetics and pathophysiology that have been achieved as a result of high-throughput DNA sequencing, RNA expression studies, and modern biochemistry techniques. The full range of relevant conditions is covered, including acquired aplastic anemia, Fanconi anemia, ribosomopathies, telomeropathies, dyskeratosis congenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and congenital neutropenias and thrombocytopenias. In addition, it is explained how the study of these rare diseases has uncovered important new science and elucidated the pathophysiology of more common hematological and oncological diseases. A treatment-specific chapter describes options ranging from the conventional to the cutting edge. Bone Marrow Failure will be of value for both trainee and practicing hematologists and oncologists.

This book presents the current state of the nursing science in topics relevant to the care of pediatric oncology patients and their families across the treatment trajectory and is framed within a precision health framework. The spectrum of topics covered is wide, including, for example, symptom management, self-care management, exercise and physical activity, family-centered care, palliative care, the role of the nurse in treatment decision making, patient and nurse resiliency, survivorship, and genetic counseling. Throughout, there is a focus on the implications of research for nursing practice, highlighting which elements of the available evidence are ready for translation into practice and which are not. In addition, careful attention is paid to the role that nursing can play in further advancing science through clinical research. The authors are leading experts from across the globe. The book will be of special interest for pediatric oncology nurses, including direct care nurses, research nurses, and nursing leaders, and will also be a stimulating source for researchers and non-oncology nurses.

This book presents the current state of the nursing science in topics relevant to the care of pediatric oncology patients and their families across the treatment trajectory and is framed within a precision health framework. The spectrum of topics covered is wide, including, for example, symptom management, self-care management, exercise and physical activity, family-centered care, palliative care, the role of the nurse in treatment decision making, patient and nurse resiliency, survivorship, and genetic counseling. Throughout, there is a focus on the implications of research for nursing practice, highlighting which elements of the available evidence are ready for translation into practice and which are not. In addition, careful attention is paid to the role that nursing can play in further advancing science through clinical research. The authors are leading experts from across the globe. The book will be of special interest for pediatric oncology nurses, including direct care nurses, research nurses, and nursing leaders, and will also be a stimulating source for researchers and non-oncology nurses.

This book is a comprehensive and up-to-date compendium on all aspects of sarcomas of bone and soft tissues in childhood and adolescence. After introductory chapters on the history, epidemiology, and biology of pediatric sarcomas, treatment considerations are extensively reviewed, with emphasis on the use of risk-adjusted treatment approaches. The pathology and biology of this diverse group of tumors are extensively reviewed. Promising new treatment approaches are discussed, and strategies for the development of new agents are appraised. The major common pediatric sarcomas, including osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma, are covered in detail. The authors are internationally recognized experts who offer a largely evidence-based consensus on etiology, biology, and treatment. This handbook has far-reaching applicability to the clinical diagnosis and management of childhood and adolescent sarcomas and will prove invaluable to specialists, generalists, and trainees alike.

This is the first book to be devoted exclusively to rare tumors in children and adolescents. The completely revised and updated second edition reflects the significant progress that has been accomplished as a result of intensified international networking, deeper implementation of novel diagnostic tools, and the advent of molecular targeted therapies. Readers will find practical guidance on all aspects of clinical management, including diagnostic workup, multimodal therapy, follow-up, and management of adverse effects. The discussion of differential diagnosis encompasses both frequent and rare tumor types, enabling clinicians to take rare entities into account during diagnostic assessment of childhood tumors. Detailed therapeutic recommendations, developed in an international consensus process, are provided for specific rare tumors. In addition, general issues such as epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, biology and genetics, early detection, and screening are fully covered. The book is written by an international and multidisciplinary group of specialists and will be an important compendium for all pediatric oncologists who care for patients with rare tumors.

This is the first book to be devoted exclusively to rare tumors in children and adolescents. The completely revised and updated second edition reflects the significant progress that has been accomplished as a result of intensified international networking, deeper implementation of novel diagnostic tools, and the advent of molecular targeted therapies. Readers will find practical guidance on all aspects of clinical management, including diagnostic workup, multimodal therapy, follow-up, and management of adverse effects. The discussion of differential diagnosis encompasses both frequent and rare tumor types, enabling clinicians to take rare entities into account during diagnostic assessment of childhood tumors. Detailed therapeutic recommendations, developed in an international consensus process, are provided for specific rare tumors. In addition, general issues such as epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, biology and genetics, early detection, and screening are fully covered. The book is written by an international and multidisciplinary group of specialists and will be an important compendium for all pediatric oncologists who care for patients with rare tumors.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific, medical, regulatory, and economic considerations associated with the discovery, development, and delivery of novel therapeutics for children with cancer. Co-authored by a diverse team from academic, government, and industry backgrounds, the book describes the steps in the process from the identification of a promising therapeutic target to the evaluation of drug candidates in the various phases of clinical testing and regulatory review. Throughout, special emphasis is placed on the unique biology of pediatric malignancies and the medical and social needs of children and their families. In providing a firm grounding in the drug development process, the book will be of value to all with an interest in how medicines currently used to treat pediatric cancer were made available. This includes trainees as well as established practitioners and others participating in translational and clinical research in the academic setting.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific, medical, regulatory, and economic considerations associated with the discovery, development, and delivery of novel therapeutics for children with cancer. Co-authored by a diverse team from academic, government, and industry backgrounds, the book describes the steps in the process from the identification of a promising therapeutic target to the evaluation of drug candidates in the various phases of clinical testing and regulatory review. Throughout, special emphasis is placed on the unique biology of pediatric malignancies and the medical and social needs of children and their families. In providing a firm grounding in the drug development process, the book will be of value to all with an interest in how medicines currently used to treat pediatric cancer were made available. This includes trainees as well as established practitioners and others participating in translational and clinical research in the academic setting.

This book provides a state-of-the-art review of the biology, treatment, and other critical aspects of neuroblastoma, reflecting the dramatic advances that have been achieved in understanding and management. Topics are arranged according to the book’s dominant themes of the “seed” (tumor genomics, epigenetics, metabolism, and stem cells) and the “soil” (tumor microenvironment, adaptive and innate immunity, and exosomes) and how both of these influences can serve as rich targets for intervention, whether by targeted molecular therapy or immunotherapy. Therapeutic strategies that are currently in use or under consideration for the future are discussed in detail, with the focus on precision medicine. Further individual chapters are devoted to the biology and genetics of relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma and emerging methods of evaluating tumor burden. Finally, in keeping with the, albeit modest, increase in cure rates in high-risk disease, immune and cellular therapies are reviewed. This coverage of what is becoming a not-so-enigmatic tumor will appeal to a broad readership including both experimental oncologists and clinicians who care for patients with neuroblastoma.

This book provides a state-of-the-art review of the biology, treatment, and other critical aspects of neuroblastoma, reflecting the dramatic advances that have been achieved in understanding and management. Topics are arranged according to the book’s dominant themes of the “seed” (tumor genomics, epigenetics, metabolism, and stem cells) and the “soil” (tumor microenvironment, adaptive and innate immunity, and exosomes) and how both of these influences can serve as rich targets for intervention, whether by targeted molecular therapy or immunotherapy. Therapeutic strategies that are currently in use or under consideration for the future are discussed in detail, with the focus on precision medicine. Further individual chapters are devoted to the biology and genetics of relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma and emerging methods of evaluating tumor burden. Finally, in keeping with the, albeit modest, increase in cure rates in high-risk disease, immune and cellular therapies are reviewed. This coverage of what is becoming a not-so-enigmatic tumor will appeal to a broad readership including both experimental oncologists and clinicians who care for patients with neuroblastoma.

This book provides up-to-date information on key topics and issues in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), including the epidemiology, biology, diagnosis and treatment of particular forms of the disease, supportive care, and survivorship. The entire spectrum of clinical management on pediatric AML is covered with the aim of equipping readers with the latest knowledge relevant to clinical practice and research, based on enormous efforts made by cooperative clinical trial groups and consortia worldwide. Each chapter is written by internationally renowned authorities who have been selected for their expertise in the subjects discussed. This book will serve pediatric hematologists/oncologists, fellows, and residents both as a comprehensive source of information and as a quick reference. The book will also be of interest to pediatricians and general practitioners.

This book is a comprehensive and up-to-date compendium on diagnosis, treatment and late effects of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in children, adolescents and young adults. After introductory chapters on the epidemiology and biology of ALL, treatment considerations are extensively reviewed, also with emphasis on special patient groups, such as Infants, Adolescents and patients with Down Syndrome. Immunotherapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia is reviewed as well as strategies for patients with Lymphoblastic Lymphoma and for patients with refractory or relapsed ALL. The authors are internationally recognized experts and offer up-to-date insights on etiology, biology, and treatment.  This book will prove indispensable for those treating or researching into this disease.

This book is a comprehensive guide that will help medical professionals – pediatric oncologists, nurses, pediatricians, family practitioners, internists, radiation oncologists, surgeons – to understand and manage the long-term effects of treatment for childhood and adolescent cancer. The consequences of treatment are described for each organ system, with explanation of pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, detection and screening and management. Disease- and organ-based algorithms of care and tables designed to facilitate the assessment of late effects are highlights of the book and will assist in the provision of hands-on care that is up to date and geared to clinical need. Among the other topics addressed are stem cell transplantation, psychological care, legal issues, transition to adulthood and methodological issues in the study of survivorship care.

This book describes in detail current best practice in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pediatric bone tumors and also discusses other important aspects of management. Clinical assessment, the role of different imaging modalities and choice of biopsy procedure are explained and an individual chapter is devoted to diagnostic pathology. The treatment-oriented chapters offer in-depth descriptions of chemotherapeutic regimens, radiation therapy, limb-salvage options and amputation-related issues and in addition consider the approach to lung nodules, the role of biomarkers, off-therapy monitoring and the treatment of relapse. Psychosocial impacts and needs are addressed and guidance provided on nursing during treatment and rehabilitation following orthopaedic surgery. Closing chapters evaluate emerging therapies and discuss disparate aspects of survivorship. The authors are acknowledged experts and include many contributors from the Nationwide Children’s Hospital, a leading pediatric care facility in the United States.

Pediatric CNS Tumors is a detailed review of childhood brain tumors that offers a biologically based perspective on their management. For each tumor type, epidemiology, pathological features, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the provision of treatment algorithms that reflect current best practice, and controversies and therapeutic agents under development are also addressed. The closing chapters consider many of the diagnostic and treatment modalities common to all tumors, with special attention to experimental and emerging techniques. This third edition of the book has been thoroughly revised and updated to take into account the latest advances in knowledge and treatment.

This book is a comprehensive guide that will help medical professionals – pediatric oncologists, nurses, pediatricians, family practitioners, internists, radiation oncologists, surgeons – to understand and manage the long-term effects of treatment for childhood and adolescent cancer. The consequences of treatment are described for each organ system, with explanation of pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, detection and screening and management. Disease- and organ-based algorithms of care and tables designed to facilitate the assessment of late effects are highlights of the book and will assist in the provision of hands-on care that is up to date and geared to clinical need. Among the other topics addressed are stem cell transplantation, psychological care, legal issues, transition to adulthood and methodological issues in the study of survivorship care.

This is the second edition of the only book to be devoted exclusively to the total cancer picture in adolescents and young adults (AYA), now expanded from the age range 15-29 to that of 15–39 years. For each of the diverse spectrum of cancers encountered in the AYA group, the epidemiology, natural progression, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options are described, with special emphasis on strategies for early detection and prevention. Comparison is made with management of both younger and older patients, and model programs are presented that address common diagnostic, staging, treatment, and psychosocial shortcomings in the AYA group. Detailed attention is also paid to principles and practices of care, with consideration of psychosocial and quality of life issues, social support systems, rehabilitation, late effects, insurance, and economic aspects of health care, among other topics. The authors make compelling arguments for integrated strategies that allow young adults to benefit from the combined expertise of pediatric and adult oncologists in systems that identify both the complex disease and the social issues specific to this population.  The proposed models of care include relationships with other specialties that do not specifically target this age group, i.e., infectious disease, endocrinology, pulmonary medicine, nephrology, gastroenterology, thoracic and abdominal surgery, urology, otolaryngology, and neurosurgery. New patterns of communication are advocated and endorsed as essential for productive interaction involving these specialties. References are extensive and are oriented toward users in pediatric hematology-oncologymedical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, gynecologic oncology, oncology nursing, psycho-oncology, social work, epidemiology, public health and health services research. The contributing authors are from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, France, Israel, Switzerland and Australia, Germany, Japan and the Netherlands.p>

This book describes in detail current best practice in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pediatric bone tumors and also discusses other important aspects of management. Clinical assessment, the role of different imaging modalities and choice of biopsy procedure are explained and an individual chapter is devoted to diagnostic pathology. The treatment-oriented chapters offer in-depth descriptions of chemotherapeutic regimens, radiation therapy, limb-salvage options and amputation-related issues and in addition consider the approach to lung nodules, the role of biomarkers, off-therapy monitoring and the treatment of relapse. Psychosocial impacts and needs are addressed and guidance provided on nursing during treatment and rehabilitation following orthopaedic surgery. Closing chapters evaluate emerging therapies and discuss disparate aspects of survivorship. The authors are acknowledged experts and include many contributors from the Nationwide Children’s Hospital, a leading pediatric care facility in the United States.

This book presents the most up-to-date and innovative information on the targeting and treatment of a wide range of childhood cancers by means of radiation therapy. Written by global experts in pediatric radiation oncology, it documents in detail the treatment regimens appropriate to each disease, highlighting the recent advances that promise to improve rates of survival and cure. The use of image-guided and intensity-modulated radiation therapy is clearly described, and careful attention is also devoted to the roles of proton therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, stereotactic fractionated radiosurgery, and modulated arc radiotherapy. Separate chapters address localization and verification procedures and anesthesia; pediatric radiation oncology in the palliative care setting; and aspects that are especially relevant in low- and medium-income countries. Beyond clinical radiation oncology, relevant information is provided on radiation physics. The book concludes by examining future directions in the field.

This textbook is the first to focus on comprehensive interdisciplinary care approaches aimed at enhancing the wellbeing of children with cancer and their families throughout the illness experience. Among the topics addressed are the epidemiology of pediatric cancer distress, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions; the role of the interdisciplinary team; communication and advance care planning; symptom prevention and management; care at the end of life; family bereavement care; and approaches to ease clinician distress.  The contributing authors are true experts and provide guidance based on the highest available level of evidence in the field. The book has not only an interdisciplinary but also an international perspective; it will appeal globally to all clinicians caring for children with cancer, including physicians, nurses, psychosocial clinicians, and chaplains, among others.

This book presents the latest scientific knowledge on inherited and acquired bone marrow failure syndromes, describing the advances in understanding of genetics and pathophysiology that have been achieved as a result of high-throughput DNA sequencing, RNA expression studies, and modern biochemistry techniques. The full range of relevant conditions is covered, including acquired aplastic anemia, Fanconi anemia, ribosomopathies, telomeropathies, dyskeratosis congenita, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and congenital neutropenias and thrombocytopenias. In addition, it is explained how the study of these rare diseases has uncovered important new science and elucidated the pathophysiology of more common hematological and oncological diseases. A treatment-specific chapter describes options ranging from the conventional to the cutting edge. Bone Marrow Failure will be of value for both trainee and practicing hematologists and oncologists.

Pediatric CNS Tumors is a detailed review of childhood brain tumors that offers a biologically based perspective on their management. For each tumor type, epidemiology, pathological features, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the provision of treatment algorithms that reflect current best practice, and controversies and therapeutic agents under development are also addressed. The closing chapters consider many of the diagnostic and treatment modalities common to all tumors, with special attention to experimental and emerging techniques. This third edition of the book has been thoroughly revised and updated to take into account the latest advances in knowledge and treatment.

This is the second edition of the only book to be devoted exclusively to the total cancer picture in adolescents and young adults (AYA), now expanded from the age range 15-29 to that of 15–39 years. For each of the diverse spectrum of cancers encountered in the AYA group, the epidemiology, natural progression, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options are described, with special emphasis on strategies for early detection and prevention. Comparison is made with management of both younger and older patients, and model programs are presented that address common diagnostic, staging, treatment, and psychosocial shortcomings in the AYA group. Detailed attention is also paid to principles and practices of care, with consideration of psychosocial and quality of life issues, social support systems, rehabilitation, late effects, insurance, and economic aspects of health care, among other topics. The authors make compelling arguments for integrated strategies that allow young adults to benefit from the combined expertise of pediatric and adult oncologists in systems that identify both the complex disease and the social issues specific to this population.  The proposed models of care include relationships with other specialties that do not specifically target this age group, i.e., infectious disease, endocrinology, pulmonary medicine, nephrology, gastroenterology, thoracic and abdominal surgery, urology, otolaryngology, and neurosurgery. New patterns of communication are advocated and endorsed as essential for productive interaction involving these specialties. References are extensive and are oriented toward users in pediatric hematology-oncologymedical oncology, radiation oncology, surgical oncology, gynecologic oncology, oncology nursing, psycho-oncology, social work, epidemiology, public health and health services research. The contributing authors are from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Italy, France, Israel, Switzerland and Australia, Germany, Japan and the Netherlands.p>

This textbook is the first to focus on comprehensive interdisciplinary care approaches aimed at enhancing the wellbeing of children with cancer and their families throughout the illness experience. Among the topics addressed are the epidemiology of pediatric cancer distress, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions; the role of the interdisciplinary team; communication and advance care planning; symptom prevention and management; care at the end of life; family bereavement care; and approaches to ease clinician distress.  The contributing authors are true experts and provide guidance based on the highest available level of evidence in the field. The book has not only an interdisciplinary but also an international perspective; it will appeal globally to all clinicians caring for children with cancer, including physicians, nurses, psychosocial clinicians, and chaplains, among others.

T is is the f rst edition of Pediatric Lymphomas. T e ment of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, editors have been colleagues for more than 25 years and lymphoproliferative disorders associated with - and have been involved in the design and coordination munodef ciency. In addition, three chapters focus on of clinical trials and multimodality approaches for the pathology, molecular biology, and genetics of children with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma including the Progress in elucidating the pathogenesis and in the di- rare cutaneous lymphomas. We hope that Pediatric agnosis and treatment of lymphomas in children has Lymphomas will be a useful resource for practitioners been one of the great success stories in pediatric oncol- from the many dif erent disciplines involved in the ogy. Prior to 1970, fewer than 20% of children with comprehensive care of children with lymphomas. malignant lymphomas survived. Today, more than T e authors are all leading experts in the area of 90% of children diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma childhood lymphomas. We wish to thank them for all survive and more than 80% of children with non- of the time and ef ort that went into their contribu- Hodgkin lymphoma are considered cured. Continued tions. If this f rst edition is helpful to our diverse re- improvement in survival has occurred as the result of ership, it is because of the authors.