Adult Education Special Topics: Theory, Research and Practice in Lifelong Learning – serie

This unique volume of writings by educators in the field working with women's literacy reveals the many ways in which addressing women's empowerment through literacy continues to impact lives. Not only are teachers and learners in adult basic education (ABE), literacy and English language learning (ELL) classes affected, but also those who value and support women’s learning and equity, and education for social change.Revelations--More than half of the 3.6 million students in adult basic/literacy education (ABE) programs across the U.S. are women (Sticht, 2001). Research outlines many barriers for women pursuing basic education and literacy, and recommends using woman-positive approaches (Sheared, 1994). However, there exists little research on how educational systems and policies, instructional materials, and pedagogical practices best support the literacy and educational achievement of women literacy learners. Writings and curriculum by individual educators outline and describe innovative activities/ programs focused specifically on the needs of women learners (Cuban & Hayes, 1996; Hayes & Flannery, 2000; Miller & Alexander, 2004; Young & Padilla, 1990). In recent years, educators have been developing innovative curriculum to address such issues as trauma and violence (e.g., Take on the Challenge), work-readiness (e.g. Ready for Work), or women's issues in general (Making Connection).New Directions--Empowering Women through Literacy: Voices from Experience is the first comprehensive collection of writing from the field by everyday educators who experience the joys and challenges, creativity and barriers to acknowledge or integrate innovative solutions to support women's learning needs in adult basic education and literacy settings.Mirroring the power of community-based and grassroots organizations, this volume has had a remarkable history. It has emerged from five years of work by WE LEARN (Women Expanding Literacy Education Action Resource Network) to address the needs of literacy educators and students alike through the organization. The vibrant collective of the WE LEARN network provides consistent visibility for women’s literacy issues, creates connections among educators and activists, supports selfefficacy among learners, encourages new research relevant to women in ABE, and develops and distributes women-focused literacy materials and curriculum resources. It continues to be the only national U.S. organization directly addressing issues of adult women's literacy and the educational needs of women in ABE.We know you will enjoy this volume that provides an opportunity to hear from 47 contributors from around the world who reflect on their experiences with critical topics of adult literacy practices; how to empower women through literacy and current research based practice. From Belize to Australia, Brazil to Germany, and USA to Turkey, the voices of women engaged in empowerment are awaiting you through these pages. Literacy can change lives, how can we better reach those who desire this empowerment? Join us we explore the breadth of vision and knowledge captured within this groundbreaking volume.

This unique volume of writings by educators in the field working with women's literacy reveals the many ways in which addressing women's empowerment through literacy continues to impact lives. Not only are teachers and learners in adult basic education (ABE), literacy and English language learning (ELL) classes affected, but also those who value and support women’s learning and equity, and education for social change.Revelations--More than half of the 3.6 million students in adult basic/literacy education (ABE) programs across the U.S. are women (Sticht, 2001). Research outlines many barriers for women pursuing basic education and literacy, and recommends using woman-positive approaches (Sheared, 1994). However, there exists little research on how educational systems and policies, instructional materials, and pedagogical practices best support the literacy and educational achievement of women literacy learners. Writings and curriculum by individual educators outline and describe innovative activities/ programs focused specifically on the needs of women learners (Cuban & Hayes, 1996; Hayes & Flannery, 2000; Miller & Alexander, 2004; Young & Padilla, 1990). In recent years, educators have been developing innovative curriculum to address such issues as trauma and violence (e.g., Take on the Challenge), work-readiness (e.g. Ready for Work), or women's issues in general (Making Connection).New Directions--Empowering Women through Literacy: Voices from Experience is the first comprehensive collection of writing from the field by everyday educators who experience the joys and challenges, creativity and barriers to acknowledge or integrate innovative solutions to support women's learning needs in adult basic education and literacy settings.Mirroring the power of community-based and grassroots organizations, this volume has had a remarkable history. It has emerged from five years of work by WE LEARN (Women Expanding Literacy Education Action Resource Network) to address the needs of literacy educators and students alike through the organization. The vibrant collective of the WE LEARN network provides consistent visibility for women’s literacy issues, creates connections among educators and activists, supports selfefficacy among learners, encourages new research relevant to women in ABE, and develops and distributes women-focused literacy materials and curriculum resources. It continues to be the only national U.S. organization directly addressing issues of adult women's literacy and the educational needs of women in ABE.We know you will enjoy this volume that provides an opportunity to hear from 47 contributors from around the world who reflect on their experiences with critical topics of adult literacy practices; how to empower women through literacy and current research based practice. From Belize to Australia, Brazil to Germany, and USA to Turkey, the voices of women engaged in empowerment are awaiting you through these pages. Literacy can change lives, how can we better reach those who desire this empowerment? Join us we explore the breadth of vision and knowledge captured within this groundbreaking volume.

This handbook is a much expanded version of the original Learning Activities Survey published by Dr. Kathleen P. King of Fordham University in 1998. Based on her ground breaking research in this field where she used a mixed methodology research approach to study transformative learning, the book will provide a model of research, firsthand perspective of how research design develops, reprints of articles based on the related research and specific assistance in conducting further research in this area. Over 50 studies around the world have been conducted base on King’s original research, and her work has extended across more than 12 studies since the original publication.Moreover, this volume is a vital research companion book to King’s popular book, Bringing Transformative Learning to Life (Krieger, 2005). Based on our history with the prior edition (it is sold out); this book will have wide appeal among adult education human resource development, psychology and counseling researchers, students, professors, and practitioners, and it serve as an excellent textbook or personal introduction studies of foundations of adult learning, applied research or transformative learning. Professors and students of adult learning, counseling, human resource development, staff development, educational administration and leadership, psychology and other social sciences use this as a guide for research studies especially in the area of adult learning and/or transformative learning.Readers will find that this handbook provides an overview of King’s transformative learning research dating back to 1997, a manual for use of the research tools, a research methodology and an approach to open new vistas of research. The first manual (published in 1998) is now out of print and this 10th anniversary edition not only fills the gap, but also continues where it stopped. This handbook delineates the original model and the expanding and evolving research which has developed from 1997 to 2008.More than a manual, instead this book uses a variety of formats to accomplish this goal: reflection, formal discussion, instructions, technical information, personal and learner stories, selected research articles, and several modified forms of the original Learning Activities Survey (LAS) instrument.

This handbook is a much expanded version of the original Learning Activities Survey published by Dr. Kathleen P. King of Fordham University in 1998. Based on her ground breaking research in this field where she used a mixed methodology research approach to study transformative learning, the book will provide a model of research, firsthand perspective of how research design develops, reprints of articles based on the related research and specific assistance in conducting further research in this area. Over 50 studies around the world have been conducted base on King’s original research, and her work has extended across more than 12 studies since the original publication.Moreover, this volume is a vital research companion book to King’s popular book, Bringing Transformative Learning to Life (Krieger, 2005). Based on our history with the prior edition (it is sold out); this book will have wide appeal among adult education human resource development, psychology and counseling researchers, students, professors, and practitioners, and it serve as an excellent textbook or personal introduction studies of foundations of adult learning, applied research or transformative learning. Professors and students of adult learning, counseling, human resource development, staff development, educational administration and leadership, psychology and other social sciences use this as a guide for research studies especially in the area of adult learning and/or transformative learning.Readers will find that this handbook provides an overview of King’s transformative learning research dating back to 1997, a manual for use of the research tools, a research methodology and an approach to open new vistas of research. The first manual (published in 1998) is now out of print and this 10th anniversary edition not only fills the gap, but also continues where it stopped. This handbook delineates the original model and the expanding and evolving research which has developed from 1997 to 2008.More than a manual, instead this book uses a variety of formats to accomplish this goal: reflection, formal discussion, instructions, technical information, personal and learner stories, selected research articles, and several modified forms of the original Learning Activities Survey (LAS) instrument.

The power of teacher inquiry is revealed when educators examine their practices with the purpose of making necessary changes to improve the learning opportunities of their multilingual students, and working conditions in schools. Dr. Nevárez-La Torre, proposes a model for conducting classroom inquiry that teachers may follow to pursue important questions about their practice and multilingual students’ learning process.There are eight chapters in this book divided into three sections. The first section introduces the idea for the book a model for using teacher inquiry as a tool for professional development. The second section includes the analyses of the trajectory followed by three teachers into using teacher inquiry to grow as professionals in ESL and bilingual classrooms. The third section of the book situates professional development using teacher inquiry within a broader theoretical framework and examines some key implications of this work for the education of in-service and pre-service teachers.

The power of teacher inquiry is revealed when educators examine their practices with the purpose of making necessary changes to improve the learning opportunities of their multilingual students, and working conditions in schools. Dr. Nevárez-La Torre, proposes a model for conducting classroom inquiry that teachers may follow to pursue important questions about their practice and multilingual students’ learning process.There are eight chapters in this book divided into three sections. The first section introduces the idea for the book a model for using teacher inquiry as a tool for professional development. The second section includes the analyses of the trajectory followed by three teachers into using teacher inquiry to grow as professionals in ESL and bilingual classrooms. The third section of the book situates professional development using teacher inquiry within a broader theoretical framework and examines some key implications of this work for the education of in-service and pre-service teachers.

Case studies have become a widely-used instructional tool in many educational environments. The use of case studies began in the 1950s at Harvard Business School. Today, they may be used as part of a course of study, or as the main focus of a course, to which other material is added. While the use of case studies is prevalent in schools of business and medicine, they are not often used in adult education or human resource development. This may be because there are no current major publications that deal with the use of case studies in these disciplines; nor are there any major databases of adult education or human resource development case studies for instructors to use. Good case studies can bring reality into the classroom. They can provide frameworks for discussion based on issues that must be faced in real life. Complex case issues can be broken down and examined for greater understanding, then pulled together again for resolution.Case studies can be used successfully in adult education. I propose a book based on the use of case-based learning in adult education and human resource development (HRD). The book could be positioned as a supplement to course textbooks for courses in adult education and HRD. I would write the cases and develop the exercises, but could also get others to contribute a case study or exercise to the book. Cases would each be a half-page to maybe 2-3 pages at the long end, and would include questions for students/readers. Supplementary information (possibly in the form of a DVD) could be put together for instructors. This information would include case study focal points and examples of possible responses for each study/exercise.

Case studies have become a widely-used instructional tool in many educational environments. The use of case studies began in the 1950s at Harvard Business School. Today, they may be used as part of a course of study, or as the main focus of a course, to which other material is added. While the use of case studies is prevalent in schools of business and medicine, they are not often used in adult education or human resource development. This may be because there are no current major publications that deal with the use of case studies in these disciplines; nor are there any major databases of adult education or human resource development case studies for instructors to use. Good case studies can bring reality into the classroom. They can provide frameworks for discussion based on issues that must be faced in real life. Complex case issues can be broken down and examined for greater understanding, then pulled together again for resolution.Case studies can be used successfully in adult education. I propose a book based on the use of case-based learning in adult education and human resource development (HRD). The book could be positioned as a supplement to course textbooks for courses in adult education and HRD. I would write the cases and develop the exercises, but could also get others to contribute a case study or exercise to the book. Cases would each be a half-page to maybe 2-3 pages at the long end, and would include questions for students/readers. Supplementary information (possibly in the form of a DVD) could be put together for instructors. This information would include case study focal points and examples of possible responses for each study/exercise.

In a most timely volume addressing many of the connections among current fiscal and employment crises to adult education, Learning for Economic Self-Sufficiency highlights the problems and challenges that low-literate adults encounter in various environments. Moreover, this book presents strategies for addressing the chronic illiteracy among low-income workers. The power of this volume is that the reader gains a holistic view of the complexities of educating a population of low-literate adult learners from various life conditions. From language literacy issues in corrections, the workplace and access to higher education, and migrant workers literacy learning barriers, to technology literacies, and consumerism myths, Learning for Economic Self-Sufficiency goes far deeper than prior volumes in exploring the complex scope of issues face by low-income, low-literate adults as they seek learning for economic self-sufficiency.The overall objective of the book is to help readers explore economic self-sufficiency for low literate and low-income adults from various contexts and the role of adult and higher education in developing these learners for greater economic independence. Noting that literacy is only a first step to economic, mental, and physical health as well as responsible citizenship, each chapter provide specific case examples and recommendations to educators and trainers of adults for creating learning programs and environments to facilitate the development of a more literate and economically stable population.

In a most timely volume addressing many of the connections among current fiscal and employment crises to adult education, Learning for Economic Self-Sufficiency highlights the problems and challenges that low-literate adults encounter in various environments. Moreover, this book presents strategies for addressing the chronic illiteracy among low-income workers. The power of this volume is that the reader gains a holistic view of the complexities of educating a population of low-literate adult learners from various life conditions. From language literacy issues in corrections, the workplace and access to higher education, and migrant workers literacy learning barriers, to technology literacies, and consumerism myths, Learning for Economic Self-Sufficiency goes far deeper than prior volumes in exploring the complex scope of issues face by low-income, low-literate adults as they seek learning for economic self-sufficiency.The overall objective of the book is to help readers explore economic self-sufficiency for low literate and low-income adults from various contexts and the role of adult and higher education in developing these learners for greater economic independence. Noting that literacy is only a first step to economic, mental, and physical health as well as responsible citizenship, each chapter provide specific case examples and recommendations to educators and trainers of adults for creating learning programs and environments to facilitate the development of a more literate and economically stable population.

Women’s lives are often written on our bodies. Yet very little is made of the impacts of embodiment for women in literacy education, both learners and professionals. This volume presents the writings of 26 contributors—teachers, students, and administrators—who examine the rich terrain of personal and professional experiences related to whole person engagement in learning and teaching. These writings provide a compass to guide readers through the bodily landscapes, mindful flights, willful spirits, and emotional embraces.Written with the same desire to open minds, hearts and practices to new understanding, this book builds on the successful style of Empowering Women through Literacy (2009). This new volume appeals to all readers, as the essays, poems, and investigations woven through its pages challenge us to consider the embodyment of women’s learning. Join us on the journey as we travel across many arenas and discover significant ways to comprehend and support best practices in teaching and learning, especially for women.

Women’s lives are often written on our bodies. Yet very little is made of the impacts of embodiment for women in literacy education, both learners and professionals. This volume presents the writings of 26 contributors—teachers, students, and administrators—who examine the rich terrain of personal and professional experiences related to whole person engagement in learning and teaching. These writings provide a compass to guide readers through the bodily landscapes, mindful flights, willful spirits, and emotional embraces.Written with the same desire to open minds, hearts and practices to new understanding, this book builds on the successful style of Empowering Women through Literacy (2009). This new volume appeals to all readers, as the essays, poems, and investigations woven through its pages challenge us to consider the embodyment of women’s learning. Join us on the journey as we travel across many arenas and discover significant ways to comprehend and support best practices in teaching and learning, especially for women.

We recognize that our society and demands for lifelong learning changes rapidly, and needs to continue to be rapidly effectively infused in changing forms into the teaching and learning process. Conversations about Adult Learning in Our Complex World focuses the study of adult learning to address the issues of living and learning within a complex world- the epitome of the 21st century.Readers will find that this book is valuable for a wide variety of professors, researchers, practitioners, and students in fields related to adult learning and adult education as it reveals emerging research and trends relevant for today and tomorrow. Moreover, this publication represents some of the most innovative and thoughtful scholarship resulting from the work of the Adult Higher Education Alliance and, arguably, the field of adult education.The book is arranged thematically in five sections, each one dealing with a domain where intercultural competence and other fundamental skills may improve the learning experiences for adult learners. The sections include, The Learning Environment and Authentic Teaching, Interculturally Competent Classroom Practices, Programming for Adults—Redesigning University to Serve Adult Learners, Professional Development, Teacher Training, and Leadership Development, and Meaningful Assessment of Programs for Adults.

We recognize that our society and demands for lifelong learning changes rapidly, and needs to continue to be rapidly effectively infused in changing forms into the teaching and learning process. Conversations about Adult Learning in Our Complex World focuses the study of adult learning to address the issues of living and learning within a complex world- the epitome of the 21st century.Readers will find that this book is valuable for a wide variety of professors, researchers, practitioners, and students in fields related to adult learning and adult education as it reveals emerging research and trends relevant for today and tomorrow. Moreover, this publication represents some of the most innovative and thoughtful scholarship resulting from the work of the Adult Higher Education Alliance and, arguably, the field of adult education.The book is arranged thematically in five sections, each one dealing with a domain where intercultural competence and other fundamental skills may improve the learning experiences for adult learners. The sections include, The Learning Environment and Authentic Teaching, Interculturally Competent Classroom Practices, Programming for Adults—Redesigning University to Serve Adult Learners, Professional Development, Teacher Training, and Leadership Development, and Meaningful Assessment of Programs for Adults.

This book provides perspectives from authors in six countries (Canada, Colombia, Germany, France, UK, USA) pertaining to adult learning in the 21st Century. This book grew out of an exciting International Conference on Adult Learning (ICAL) held in Paris, May 27-29, 2012.Imagine “listening in” as these international scholars, representing expertise in various areas related to adult education, focus their collective attention to the topic of adult learning. Their task is to concentrate their research and intellectual acumen on where adult learning is heading in the 21st Century and to bring together their varied areas of expertise to expand the field of adult education’s knowledge base. This book provides more than a record of their papers and meetings. Instead, each author has revised their paper with symposium feedback to help capture the discussion, synergy and growing knowledge base we envision together. Now you can read how these leading scholars understand adult learning in light on their collective work.Areas of focus include• Heuristics of Adult Learning• Facilitating Self Directed Learning• Individuals and the Learning Process• Executives’ Self-Development• Distance Learning• Science Self Directed Learning for All• Entertainment-Education Communication Strategy• Positive Deviance to Transform Education• Learning Through the Life CourseThis book will benefit teachers, researchers, administrators, and students in the field of adult education, learning, and practice. The synergistic result of bringing together nine scholars results in many new practical applications, research streams, scholarship, and practice suggestions.

This book provides perspectives from authors in six countries (Canada, Colombia, Germany, France, UK, USA) pertaining to adult learning in the 21st Century. This book grew out of an exciting International Conference on Adult Learning (ICAL) held in Paris, May 27-29, 2012.Imagine “listening in” as these international scholars, representing expertise in various areas related to adult education, focus their collective attention to the topic of adult learning. Their task is to concentrate their research and intellectual acumen on where adult learning is heading in the 21st Century and to bring together their varied areas of expertise to expand the field of adult education’s knowledge base. This book provides more than a record of their papers and meetings. Instead, each author has revised their paper with symposium feedback to help capture the discussion, synergy and growing knowledge base we envision together. Now you can read how these leading scholars understand adult learning in light on their collective work.Areas of focus include• Heuristics of Adult Learning• Facilitating Self Directed Learning• Individuals and the Learning Process• Executives’ Self-Development• Distance Learning• Science Self Directed Learning for All• Entertainment-Education Communication Strategy• Positive Deviance to Transform Education• Learning Through the Life CourseThis book will benefit teachers, researchers, administrators, and students in the field of adult education, learning, and practice. The synergistic result of bringing together nine scholars results in many new practical applications, research streams, scholarship, and practice suggestions.

Developing and Sustaining Adult Learners is the second volume in a series of scholarly publications associated with the annual Adult Higher Education Alliance (AHEA, The Alliance) conference. The title of this volume, derived from the theme of the 2012 conference co-sponsored by American Association of Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) in Las Vegas, NV, encompasses significant issues and questions at the forefront of the field of adult education. At the conference, scholars, practitioners, and adult educators gave presentations and received feedback on some of the most significant and timely issues in their praxis. The Alliance, which values collaboration, transformative dialogue, and collegiality among professionals, considers this volume a continuation of those conversations as the presentations were expanded into chapters. We are glad that you are joining the conversation.This volume confirms not only that adult learning, higher education, and both fields of research have many contexts, but also that there is so much more to learn about different perspectives and opportunities for research and practice. Opportunities for symbiotic relationship abound. We hope that Developing and Sustaining Adult Learners will be a book that you pull off your bookshelf, or open in your e-reader, often. We know that as we engage in program and course planning, design and teaching, this book will provide needed refreshment and new vision. When research ideas seem too similar, this volume will also provide many seeds for new opportunities.

Developing and Sustaining Adult Learners is the second volume in a series of scholarly publications associated with the annual Adult Higher Education Alliance (AHEA, The Alliance) conference. The title of this volume, derived from the theme of the 2012 conference co-sponsored by American Association of Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) in Las Vegas, NV, encompasses significant issues and questions at the forefront of the field of adult education. At the conference, scholars, practitioners, and adult educators gave presentations and received feedback on some of the most significant and timely issues in their praxis. The Alliance, which values collaboration, transformative dialogue, and collegiality among professionals, considers this volume a continuation of those conversations as the presentations were expanded into chapters. We are glad that you are joining the conversation.This volume confirms not only that adult learning, higher education, and both fields of research have many contexts, but also that there is so much more to learn about different perspectives and opportunities for research and practice. Opportunities for symbiotic relationship abound. We hope that Developing and Sustaining Adult Learners will be a book that you pull off your bookshelf, or open in your e-reader, often. We know that as we engage in program and course planning, design and teaching, this book will provide needed refreshment and new vision. When research ideas seem too similar, this volume will also provide many seeds for new opportunities.

This volume continues IAP’s dedication to the diverse field of international adult learning in the tradition of those books related to the We Learn and AAHE conferences. It is an edited and refereed collection and part of the larger body of scholarly publications associated with professional organizations such as AAACE, MAACE, We Learn, Women Studies Association, African Studies Association, Gender Studies Association and Global Studies network.Literacy as gendered discourse is important because it fills a unique niche in the canon of studies that investigate the challenges and prevailing norms associated with women and literacy studies, adult learning and development. It also offers a current volume for scholars and practitioners based on both research and practice-based research. This collection is appropriate for a wide variety of professors, researchers, practitioners, and students in the field of adult literacy studies, women/gender and development studies.In order to create this valuable contribution to the literacy and women’s studies literature, international scholars have contributed their research in which they study and explore the lives of women in various countries. Their work establishes findings that help to illuminate and analyze the different manifestations of women’s global experiences through the unique lens of local respondents or through their own lens as academic researchers. In these ways the results provide powerful insight and useful lessons applicable to the fields of gender study, women’s studies, adult literacy, development studies, international studies, etc..

This volume continues IAP’s dedication to the diverse field of international adult learning in the tradition of those books related to the We Learn and AAHE conferences. It is an edited and refereed collection and part of the larger body of scholarly publications associated with professional organizations such as AAACE, MAACE, We Learn, Women Studies Association, African Studies Association, Gender Studies Association and Global Studies network.Literacy as gendered discourse is important because it fills a unique niche in the canon of studies that investigate the challenges and prevailing norms associated with women and literacy studies, adult learning and development. It also offers a current volume for scholars and practitioners based on both research and practice-based research. This collection is appropriate for a wide variety of professors, researchers, practitioners, and students in the field of adult literacy studies, women/gender and development studies.In order to create this valuable contribution to the literacy and women’s studies literature, international scholars have contributed their research in which they study and explore the lives of women in various countries. Their work establishes findings that help to illuminate and analyze the different manifestations of women’s global experiences through the unique lens of local respondents or through their own lens as academic researchers. In these ways the results provide powerful insight and useful lessons applicable to the fields of gender study, women’s studies, adult literacy, development studies, international studies, etc..

Administrators of adult education programs work in dynamic and ever-changing environments. They are continually challenged with a myriad of issues related to programming, budgeting, marketing, strategic planning, funding, human resource management, and other topics. With decades of real-world experience in the field, Steven Schmidt and Susan Yelich Biniecki have developed a second edition of their practical guide for those who are involved in the organization and administration of educational programs for adults. Whether you work in the human resource department of a corporation, a grass-roots community organization, a higher education unit, a consulting company, or any other type of organization that provides adult education, this book is for you. In a no-nonsense approach, Organization and Administration of Adult Education Programs: A Guide for Practitioners, 2nd Edition “talks” to you as an administrator about topics that are important to you. Guidelines, processes, and procedures discussed in the book can help to make you a more effective practitioner. This second edition includes a new chapter on the future of the field, new scenarios and activities, and significant new content to reflect the changing nature of topics discussed in the book.

Administrators of adult education programs work in dynamic and ever-changing environments. They are continually challenged with a myriad of issues related to programming, budgeting, marketing, strategic planning, funding, human resource management, and other topics. With decades of real-world experience in the field, Steven Schmidt and Susan Yelich Biniecki have developed a second edition of their practical guide for those who are involved in the organization and administration of educational programs for adults. Whether you work in the human resource department of a corporation, a grass-roots community organization, a higher education unit, a consulting company, or any other type of organization that provides adult education, this book is for you. In a no-nonsense approach, Organization and Administration of Adult Education Programs: A Guide for Practitioners, 2nd Edition “talks” to you as an administrator about topics that are important to you. Guidelines, processes, and procedures discussed in the book can help to make you a more effective practitioner. This second edition includes a new chapter on the future of the field, new scenarios and activities, and significant new content to reflect the changing nature of topics discussed in the book.