Springer Series on Asian Criminology and Criminal Justice Research – serie

This work investigates inequality and social exclusion in contemporary Chinese society, specifically in the context of urbanization, migration and crime. Economic reforms started in the late 1970s (post-Mao) fuelled a trend of urbanization and mass migration within China, largely from rural areas to more economically developed urban regions. With this migration, came new challenges in a rapidly changing society. Researchers have extensively studied the rural-to-urban human movement, social changes, inequality and its impact on individuals and society as a whole.This volume provides a new perspective on this issue. It forges a link between internal migration, inequality, social exclusion and crime in the context of China, through qualitative research into the impact of this phenomenon on individuals’ lives. Using a series of case studies drawn from interviews with inmates – men and women – in a large Chinese prison, it focuses on migrant offenders’ subjective experiences, and analyses issues from the rarely-heard perspectives of migrant lawbreakers themselves. The research demonstrates how factors – including: the hukou system, rural-urban, class and gender inequalities, prejudices against rural migrants, and other structural problems – often lead to migrant offending.The author argues that to mitigate the effects of criminalisation, the root causes of these problems should be examined, emphasizing radical reforms to the hukou policy, cultural change in urban society to welcome newcomers, positive programs to integrate migrant workers into urban societies and improve their opportunities, rather than inflicting harsher penalties or reducing migration. While the research is based in China, it has clear implications for other regions of the world, which are experiencing similar tensions related to national and international migration. This work will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, particularly with an interest in Asia, as well as those in related fields such as sociology, law and social justice.

This volume provides an overview of cyber economic crime in India, analyzing fifteen years of data and specific case studies from Mumbai to add to the limited research in cyber economic crime detection. Centering around an integrated victim-centered approach to investigating a global crime on the local level, the book examines the criminal justice system response to cyber economic crime and proposes new methods of detection and prevention. It considers the threat from a national security perspective, a cybercrime perspective, and as a technical threat to business and technology installations.Among the topics discussed:Changing landscape of crime in cyberspaceCybercrime typologyLegal framework for cyber economic crime in IndiaCyber security mechanisms in IndiaA valuable resource for law enforcement and police working on the local, national, and global level in the detection and prevention of cybercrime, CyberEconomic Crime in India will also be of interest to researchers and practitioners working in financial crimes and white collar crime.

This volume provides an overview of cyber economic crime in India, analyzing fifteen years of data and specific case studies from Mumbai to add to the limited research in cyber economic crime detection. Centering around an integrated victim-centered approach to investigating a global crime on the local level, the book examines the criminal justice system response to cyber economic crime and proposes new methods of detection and prevention. It considers the threat from a national security perspective, a cybercrime perspective, and as a technical threat to business and technology installations.Among the topics discussed:Changing landscape of crime in cyberspaceCybercrime typologyLegal framework for cyber economic crime in IndiaCyber security mechanisms in IndiaA valuable resource for law enforcement and police working on the local, national, and global level in the detection and prevention of cybercrime, CyberEconomic Crime in India will also be of interest to researchers and practitioners working in financial crimes and white collar crime.

This book provides a novel criminological understanding of white-collar crime and corporate lawbreaking in China focusing on: lack of reliable official data, guanxi and corruption, state-owned enterprises, media censorship, enforcement and regulatory capacity.The text begins with an introduction to the topic placing it in global perspective, followed by chapters examining the importance of comparative study, corruption as a major crime in China, case studies and etiology, domestic, regional and global consequences, and concluding theoretical and policy issues that can inform future research.

This book provides a novel criminological understanding of white-collar crime and corporate lawbreaking in China focusing on: lack of reliable official data, guanxi and corruption, state-owned enterprises, media censorship, enforcement and regulatory capacity.The text begins with an introduction to the topic placing it in global perspective, followed by chapters examining the importance of comparative study, corruption as a major crime in China, case studies and etiology, domestic, regional and global consequences, and concluding theoretical and policy issues that can inform future research.

This book focuses on the criminalization trend and process regarding the internal migration in contemporary China from the perspective Law-in-Action. In Chinese society today, internal migrants are commonly perceived as criminals. Crimmigration, a global term that communicated the convergence of the criminal legal system and the immigration enforcement system, manifest itself in China’s hukou-based (also known as the household registration system) criminal legal system. How hukou has been constructed into the concept of Crimmigration in China strikes at the core of the ultimate questions of this book: who is being criminalized, how does the political-economic-cultural institution known as ‘hukou’ shape the criminal justice process, and how has the role of hukou changed over time in the ever-changing process?Drawing on interviews with police, prosecutors, criminal lawyers & judges, prison staff and migrant leaders in Yangtze River Delta, China, this book reflects on a historical development on hukou and its function in social control. Each chapter contributes to an extended analysis of pragmatic aspects of decision-making moments in the criminal justice system. This book will appeal to criminology researchers and students with in interest in law, politics, migration, and citizenship in contemporary China.

This book focuses on the criminalization trend and process regarding the internal migration in contemporary China from the perspective Law-in-Action. In Chinese society today, internal migrants are commonly perceived as criminals. Crimmigration, a global term that communicated the convergence of the criminal legal system and the immigration enforcement system, manifest itself in China’s hukou-based (also known as the household registration system) criminal legal system. How hukou has been constructed into the concept of Crimmigration in China strikes at the core of the ultimate questions of this book: who is being criminalized, how does the political-economic-cultural institution known as ‘hukou’ shape the criminal justice process, and how has the role of hukou changed over time in the ever-changing process?Drawing on interviews with police, prosecutors, criminal lawyers & judges, prison staff and migrant leaders in Yangtze River Delta, China, this book reflects on a historical development on hukou and its function in social control. Each chapter contributes to an extended analysis of pragmatic aspects of decision-making moments in the criminal justice system. This book will appeal to criminology researchers and students with in interest in law, politics, migration, and citizenship in contemporary China.

This edited volume is a pioneering and comprehensive study of crime victimisation in India. Relying on the findings of four crime victimisation surveys conducted in India, it provides a unique basis for understanding crime in society. It considers the public’s fear of crime and perceptions of safety and security, focusing on their access to the police and how they view police effectiveness. This study provides critical data on the level of crime within particular spatial and temporal conditions which can supplement official statistics on crime published by the state, help systematically diagnose law and order issues and develop solutions for improved policing and public safety.A unique and timely volume, this book will be of interest to researchers of Asian criminology, victimology and the study of the criminal justice system, as well as those interested in empirical research and policymaking in criminal justice.

This edited volume is a pioneering and comprehensive study of crime victimisation in India. Relying on the findings of four crime victimisation surveys conducted in India, it provides a unique basis for understanding crime in society. It considers the public’s fear of crime and perceptions of safety and security, focusing on their access to the police and how they view police effectiveness. This study provides critical data on the level of crime within particular spatial and temporal conditions which can supplement official statistics on crime published by the state, help systematically diagnose law and order issues and develop solutions for improved policing and public safety.A unique and timely volume, this book will be of interest to researchers of Asian criminology, victimology and the study of the criminal justice system, as well as those interested in empirical research and policymaking in criminal justice.

This book discusses the phenomenon of child sexual abuse material (CSAM), in the context of the Indian law enforcement and criminal justice system. It helps readers understand the complexities involved in these types of online crimes, and the perspectives of various stakeholders involved in the investigation and justice process.This volume analyzes the unique challenges faced by law enforcement when dealing with cybercrime, and specifically when the victims are minors.Representing a unique analysis of the surge of child sexual abuse material on the internet during COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, this book discusses cybercrime and societal behavior patterns.  With practical remedial steps to control and preclude online child sexual abuse, this volume will be of interest to law enforcement, researchers, and child protection advocates in India and other developing digital economies.

This book discusses the phenomenon of child sexual abuse material (CSAM), in the context of the Indian law enforcement and criminal justice system. It helps readers understand the complexities involved in these types of online crimes, and the perspectives of various stakeholders involved in the investigation and justice process.This volume analyzes the unique challenges faced by law enforcement when dealing with cybercrime, and specifically when the victims are minors.Representing a unique analysis of the surge of child sexual abuse material on the internet during COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, this book discusses cybercrime and societal behavior patterns.  With practical remedial steps to control and preclude online child sexual abuse, this volume will be of interest to law enforcement, researchers, and child protection advocates in India and other developing digital economies.

This book provides cross-cultural analysis of restorative justice, examining its theoretical foundations and practical applications in the UK and China. Bringing together scholars from both regions, it highlights how cultural, philosophical, and legal traditions shape restorative justice frameworks, influencing policies, implementation strategies, and societal perceptions. It explores the historical development of restorative justice in each jurisdiction, analyzing the role of Confucian principles in China and common law traditions in the UK in shaping mediation, offender rehabilitation, and victim participation. The book also considers how restorative justice operates within formal legal structures and community-based initiatives, assessing its potential to enhance crime prevention and social cohesion.Through empirical studies and theoretical perspectives, contributors investigate key areas including policing and youth justice, together with emerging topics such as environmental restorative justice. The book critically examines the challenges of integrating restorative practices within legal systems, assessing their effectiveness in reducing recidivism and fostering accountability. Case studies illustrate how restorative justice is applied in real-world contexts, offering comparative insights into its successes and limitations. The fruit of intercultural dialogue and multidisciplinary in scope, this book is an essential resource for criminologists and legal scholars seeking to understand the complexities of restorative justice in different socio-legal contexts.

This book systematically introduces the practice of restorative justice in India, as a resource for comparative criminal justice research. “Restorative justice” focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims, and with the community at large. It has gained momentum as a justice reform movement in Western countries within the past three decades, and it is estimated that up to one hundred countries worldwide utilize restorative justice practices. Within Western countries, it is seen largely a response or alternative to the perceived deficiencies of the existing criminal justice system.India has a rich tradition of restorative justice, and this work introduces both the traditional basis and contemporary practices of this justice system in India, in a comprehensive and systematic way.The contributions to this work cover three main areas:I. The Tradition of Restorative Justice in IndiaII. The Development of Restorative Justice inIndiaIII. Restorative Justice Practices in IndiaThe third part – “Practices” covers special topics: including Restorative Justice and the Court, Restorative Justice and Incarceration, Restorative Justice and Juveniles, and Restorative Justice and Woman.The book covers the full range of the issues of restorative justice in India and will be a highly valuable resource book for researchers and upper level graduate students interested in alternative justice models in general, comparative criminology, and criminal justice in India specifically.“A landmark volume in the history of restorative justice and criminology in India. Many outstanding scholars in this collection outline the Indian experience of restorative justice from which the world has much to learn.”John Braithwaite Australian National University

This edited volume presents the diversity of comparative criminology research in Asia, and the complex theoretical and methodological issues involved in conducting comparative research. With contributors both from the West and the East exploring these questions, the Editors have created a balanced resource, as well as set an agenda for future research. The increasing pace of globalization means that researchers should be armed with an understanding of how criminal justice systems work across the world. In the past, comparative research largely compared Western countries to each other, or involved researchers from a Western perspective examining an Asian country, with models and theories developed in the West considered to have universal applications. This work aims to correct that gap, by providing a critical examination of comparative research, presenting quantitative and qualitative research data, and asking new questions that challenge prevailing research norms and provide an agenda for future research. This work will be of interest for researchers across the field of Criminology, particularly those with an interest in International and Comparative Research, research on or about Asia, and related disciplines such as Sociology, Demography, and Social Policy.“This fine collection that goes to the rich distinctiveness of Asian criminology.  The editors have brought together a wonderful collection of authors mainly from the region. The distinctiveness of values and relational practices in Asia are recurrent themes that are well developed in this book and help us to make sense of patterns of crime and criminal justice in Asia.”John Braithwaite, Australian National University “What theoretical, methodological, and practical issues must we confront in conducting cross-cultural studies encompassing Western and Asian countries?   Comparative Criminology in Asia discusses these issues and presents exemplary comparative research. The introductory chapter and the introduction to each part by the co-editors are lucid and highly educational.   This collection must be required reading for every serious scholar and aspiring graduate student in Asian countries so that criminological and criminal justice studies will be brought to a much higher level of sophistication.”Setsuo Miyazawa, UC Hastings “Can there be – and should there be -- a distinctive Asian criminology? What would this involve? The answer depends on what one thinks of the universalistic explanatory claims of Western criminology. Will these claims become self- fulfilling as these societies add to colonial influences a more deliberate borrowing of criminal justice models and established ways of pursuing discipline of criminology? Or will a more critical spirit prevail?   This welcome edited collection by Liu, Travers and Chang provides an excellent starting point for reflecting on these and other questions. Rather than attempting to provide descriptions of the variety of similarities and differences in this region (though there are some fascinating case studies of these) the focus is even more on exploring the theoretical approaches and methodologies used in comparing institutional and cultural differences by Asian criminologists and others.”David Nelken, King’s College, London“Criminologists can no longer ignore the impact of globalization on the pattern and amount of crime as we experienced recently, nor can we ignore the global change of criminal justice policies to deal with crime. There is, therefore, a desperate need to collect data on how crime and criminal justice are influenced by globalization across Asian countries. On the other hand, there are debates on the issue of culture-specific vs. pan-culture theories of crime. This collection addresses both issues in an interesting way.  Its publication is timely and welcome.”Chuen-Jim Sheu, National Taipei University

This book provides insights into the history, development, and practice of restorative justice methods in China. Traditionally in China, mediation has played an important role in criminal proceedings, which has many characteristics in common with the “Western” concept of restorative justice. Through case studies and theoretical examination, the author of this timely work aims to bridge the research on restorative justice models mainly developed in the West with restorative justice as practiced in China. After a Brief overview and introduction, the author compares and contrasts case studies of restorative justice-like practices from different districts in China. The author examines cases studies from several regions within China, and explores the key question: can the restoration model developed in the West take root in China, and if so what legal, cultural and societal accommodations may need to be made?This work will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, particularly with an interest in alternative justice practices, restorative justice, and international comparative criminology; as well as researchers interested in Chinese affairs or Asian Studies.

This book provides an important overview of key criminology and criminal justice concerns in Japan. It highlights similarities between the practice of criminology research in Japan, as well as important differences, with other areas of Asia and with the West.In previous decades, Japan attracted international attention as the only industrialized country where the crime rate declined along with a rise in urbanization and economic development. Currently, Japan still enjoys a declining crime rate (the lowest among major industrialized countries) and a study of criminal justice practices in Japan may provide important insights for other regions.Japan also experiences important contemporary challenges which are shared by other regions:1. Japan has the highest proportion of people over the age of 60 in the world. For criminology, this means key challenges in the victimization of older people, as well as the challenges of an aging prison population. 2. Besides the United States, Japan is the only developed country that still practices capital punishment, and its rate has been on the rise in the past 20 years. 3. Japan has also introduced new reforms in its law practice, including the introduction of new trial formats.The research in this book provides a helpful overview for scholars interested in criminology and criminal justice in Japan to understand the key issues of concern, and present a framework for future research needs. It will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, international studies, Asian Studies, sociology, and political science.

This book systematically introduces the practice of restorative justice in India, as a resource for comparative criminal justice research. “Restorative justice” focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims, and with the community at large. It has gained momentum as a justice reform movement in Western countries within the past three decades, and it is estimated that up to one hundred countries worldwide utilize restorative justice practices. Within Western countries, it is seen largely a response or alternative to the perceived deficiencies of the existing criminal justice system.India has a rich tradition of restorative justice, and this work introduces both the traditional basis and contemporary practices of this justice system in India, in a comprehensive and systematic way.The contributions to this work cover three main areas:I. The Tradition of Restorative Justice in IndiaII. The Development of Restorative Justice inIndiaIII. Restorative Justice Practices in IndiaThe third part – “Practices” covers special topics: including Restorative Justice and the Court, Restorative Justice and Incarceration, Restorative Justice and Juveniles, and Restorative Justice and Woman.The book covers the full range of the issues of restorative justice in India and will be a highly valuable resource book for researchers and upper level graduate students interested in alternative justice models in general, comparative criminology, and criminal justice in India specifically.“A landmark volume in the history of restorative justice and criminology in India. Many outstanding scholars in this collection outline the Indian experience of restorative justice from which the world has much to learn.”John Braithwaite Australian National University

This edited volume presents the diversity of comparative criminology research in Asia, and the complex theoretical and methodological issues involved in conducting comparative research. With contributors both from the West and the East exploring these questions, the Editors have created a balanced resource, as well as set an agenda for future research. The increasing pace of globalization means that researchers should be armed with an understanding of how criminal justice systems work across the world. In the past, comparative research largely compared Western countries to each other, or involved researchers from a Western perspective examining an Asian country, with models and theories developed in the West considered to have universal applications. This work aims to correct that gap, by providing a critical examination of comparative research, presenting quantitative and qualitative research data, and asking new questions that challenge prevailing research norms and provide an agenda for future research. This work will be of interest for researchers across the field of Criminology, particularly those with an interest in International and Comparative Research, research on or about Asia, and related disciplines such as Sociology, Demography, and Social Policy.“This fine collection that goes to the rich distinctiveness of Asian criminology.  The editors have brought together a wonderful collection of authors mainly from the region. The distinctiveness of values and relational practices in Asia are recurrent themes that are well developed in this book and help us to make sense of patterns of crime and criminal justice in Asia.”John Braithwaite, Australian National University “What theoretical, methodological, and practical issues must we confront in conducting cross-cultural studies encompassing Western and Asian countries?   Comparative Criminology in Asia discusses these issues and presents exemplary comparative research. The introductory chapter and the introduction to each part by the co-editors are lucid and highly educational.   This collection must be required reading for every serious scholar and aspiring graduate student in Asian countries so that criminological and criminal justice studies will be brought to a much higher level of sophistication.”Setsuo Miyazawa, UC Hastings “Can there be – and should there be -- a distinctive Asian criminology? What would this involve? The answer depends on what one thinks of the universalistic explanatory claims of Western criminology. Will these claims become self- fulfilling as these societies add to colonial influences a more deliberate borrowing of criminal justice models and established ways of pursuing discipline of criminology? Or will a more critical spirit prevail?   This welcome edited collection by Liu, Travers and Chang provides an excellent starting point for reflecting on these and other questions. Rather than attempting to provide descriptions of the variety of similarities and differences in this region (though there are some fascinating case studies of these) the focus is even more on exploring the theoretical approaches and methodologies used in comparing institutional and cultural differences by Asian criminologists and others.”David Nelken, King’s College, London“Criminologists can no longer ignore the impact of globalization on the pattern and amount of crime as we experienced recently, nor can we ignore the global change of criminal justice policies to deal with crime. There is, therefore, a desperate need to collect data on how crime and criminal justice are influenced by globalization across Asian countries. On the other hand, there are debates on the issue of culture-specific vs. pan-culture theories of crime. This collection addresses both issues in an interesting way.  Its publication is timely and welcome.”Chuen-Jim Sheu, National Taipei University

This book provides insights into the history, development, and practice of restorative justice methods in China. Traditionally in China, mediation has played an important role in criminal proceedings, which has many characteristics in common with the “Western” concept of restorative justice. Through case studies and theoretical examination, the author of this timely work aims to bridge the research on restorative justice models mainly developed in the West with restorative justice as practiced in China. After a Brief overview and introduction, the author compares and contrasts case studies of restorative justice-like practices from different districts in China. The author examines cases studies from several regions within China, and explores the key question: can the restoration model developed in the West take root in China, and if so what legal, cultural and societal accommodations may need to be made?This work will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, particularly with an interest in alternative justice practices, restorative justice, and international comparative criminology; as well as researchers interested in Chinese affairs or Asian Studies.