Studies on Industrial Productivity: Selected Works – serie
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42 produkter
42 produkter
1 351 kr
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First Published in 1998. This book investigates the determinants of technological change and the role played by such change in the process of economic growth. The factors influencing the extent and dissemination of technological progress at the firm, industrial and societal levels are identified and the impact on the rate of economic growth of these factors is studied. Government policies that seek to increase economic growth through both direct and indirect manipulation of the channels affecting technological change are then considered. A key finding of the book, as contained in chapter two, is that in some cases, government efforts to increase economic growth may actually have the opposite effect in the short-term before eventually yielding the desired results.
2 412 kr
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First published in 1997. Information processing is crucial to social life and an important element of control. Innovations in information processing have the potential to dramatically alter social relations. Understanding the process of technology innovation and diffusion as well as the economic, social, political and cultural impact of a diffusing/diffused technology is crucial to understanding society as technology is often the impetus for social change. This book addresses both the process and impact of technology innovation as it relates to communication technology.
644 kr
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First published in 1997. The primary focus of the book is an inquiry into the behavior of firms in response to competitive forces. The studies in this book investigate the genesis and exodus of industrial inefficiency by analyzing where corporate fat accumulates and how it is eliminated in response to competitive forces.
Total Quality Management and Just-in-Time Purchasing
Their Effects on Performance of Firms Operating in the U.S.
Inbunden, Engelska, 1997
2 270 kr
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This study investigates the relation of total quality management (TQM) and just-in-time purchasing (JITP) with respect to firms' performance, based on theories from operations management, organization theory, strategic management and marketing. U.S. companies have implemented TQM and JITP techniques to improve their global competitive position. The lack of empirical research on how these techniques effect firms performance makes it necessary to explain their strategic values as management innovations. In this study, a cross-sectional mail survey was used with the target population of firms in the continental United States that have implemented either technique, or both. The results indicate that the extent of TQM and JITP implementation positively correlates with a firm's performance. Furthermore, the relation between JITP and financial and market performance is more significant in those industries that face high as opposed to low foreign competition. In this study, the validity of findings was assessed in four parts: statistical conclusion, internal, construct, and external validity. Each validity type is defined and its threats are discussed. Based on the findings, a revised research model is offered. The author also notes likely avenues of future research for theorists and practitioners.
1 706 kr
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First Published in 1942. Phillips has written an important study covering three areas: three areas: theoretical, empirical, and public policy. This book explores some of the explanations for and consequences of globalized production by transnational corporations. A review of the theoretical underpinnings of the reasons for corporate overseas expansion precedes a discussion of transnational corporation overseas production facilities. The literature reviewed supports the position that the exodus of manufacturing capital has been assisted by state policy which has encouraged capital flight, and that corporate efforts to downsize manufacturing operations in the United States have added to corporate profitability and championed profits over the strengthening the domestic economy.
1 351 kr
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This book reviews the experience of the textile and apparel sectors over the post-war period. An econometric study of the cost structure of the industry is undertaken to obtain inferences regarding the existence of structural change and the exact nature of any changes that occurred. A variety of approaches to modeling production technologies in both the textile and apparel sectors are considered. Our results confirm the existence of significant structural breaks which altered the nature of production technologies and economic relationships in these sectors. Our results indicate that a significant amount of labor, which became relatively more expensive as the economy developed after the Second World War, was replaced by capital in these sectors. Our results indicate that new technologies made it easier to substitute capital for labor.We also give attention to the important role played by textile and apparel imports over this period. Textile trade has traditionally been heavily regulated, most recently by the Multi-Fiber Arrangement of the GATT. Policy changes allowed greater access to developed country markets. This stimulated production in developing countries and thus enhanced the role of imports from developing countries. We argue that this stimulated the structural changes which led to, among other things, the release of labor from these sectors and the concomitant plant closings. These factors also stimulated capital deepening.Finally, we also consider the issue of substitutability among alternative forms of fibers in the textile sector. Our analysis quantifies demand relationships among natural and synthetic fibers. Our analysis reveals that structural changes often encouraged the use of synthetic fibers.
2 695 kr
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This study investigated the relationship between employee satisfaction and business results. Using data from a Fortune 100 Company, the research examined trends in thirty employee satisfaction variables over a six-year period and identified the relationship of the variables to various corporate and business unit financial metrics. The outcomes of the study suggest that there is a moderately strong positive correlation between an employee's satisfaction with personal development, levels of involvement and participation, use of skills and abilities, promotion practices, and opportunities for a better job and financial indicators of business success. By providing a research prototype, this book serves as a starting point for Human Resource and Business leaders who struggle to identify and to communicate the value of investing in assessing and improving work environments to increase levels of employee satisfaction. As the pace of change increases and the availability to resources decreases in most organizations, this study provides a way for leaders to identify and prioritize improvement initiatives that might result in both increased levels of employee satisfaction and indices used to measure business success.
2 695 kr
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This study examines the relationship between organizational performance, advanced manufacturing technologies and workforce development activities. In response to domestic and international competitive pressures, manufacturers are making increasing expenditures in both labor and technology. Both corporate and government surveys report that billions of dollars a year are spent for worker training and new technology by U.S. manufacturers. Despite these expenditures, little empirical evidence exists about the relationship between worker development activities and advanced technologies or the organizational outcomes from their combined use. In this study, multiple workforce development activities and advanced technology were defined and compared to several types of organizational performance at a variety of manufacturing plants in the Midwest. Human resource managers completed surveys that assessed areas of worker development, technology, environment and technology-driven workplace needs. Results indicate modest support for the relationship between technology, workforce development and organizational performance. Strong support, however, was found for the relationship between relational and skill needs due to changes in technology and the plant emphasis on process and individual worker development. This suggest that managerial perceptions regarding workplace changes from technology may be amore important factor than the technology itself in determining the type of workforce development activities provided. In addition, findings supported the use of multiple workforce development activities.
Study of Innovative Behavior
In High Technology Product Development Organizations
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 958 kr
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First published in 1999. This study integrated several streams of research on the antecedents of innovation to test a model of individual innovative behavior in a high technology product development organization. The world we live in today is a globally competitive environment of rapidly changing technologies. Organizations must harness the innovative potential of their employees to create better and novel ways to solve old and new problems or risk becoming extinct. Innovative organizations can gain a competitive advantage over their less innovative competition through better products, faster product development times, and lower priced products.The research sample used in this study contained Product Engineers, Application Engineers, Lab Technicians, and Product Designers in an Engineering Department responsible for the development of high technology products. Various survey instruments were used to measure individual problem solving style, leader-member exchange, role expectation, and work climate. The Kirton Adaption-Innovation (KAI) inventory, which is used in many countries, was used to evaluate problem solving style. The KAI score is the summation of the three sub-factors, sufficiency versus proliferation of originality, preference for efficiency, and rule/group conformity. In previous use of the KAI in the general population respondents scored consistently high or low in each of the three KAI sub-groups. In this study, innovative people in the high technology product development organization did not follow this general population trend. Unlike previous KAI studies the innovative people indicated a preference for efficiency. This makes intuitive sense in that to be innovative in a complex high technology environment an individual must have a preference toward efficiency to keep the complex information organized. As the complexity of information required in a high technology product development organization increases so must the complexity of innovative people increase.(D.B.A. dissertation, 1998; revised with new preface and index)
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This book examines the impact of downsizing on employee morale and productivity. Downsizing, due to economic changes, has played an integral part in business, the public sector, and schools. No longer are companies inclined to maintain the status quo for the sake of employee loyalty. Downsizing has have resulted in the lives and careers of employees being destroyed. The purpose of this study was to provide insight on the perception of the work environment in light of downsizing in the states of California and Illinois Cooperative Extension. The primary role of Extension is to plan pertinent programs that are effective in meeting the educational needs of the community in agriculture, family and consumer studies, and youth development. This study focuses on how to maintain professional competencies with less staff. Data was provided by the Manson's Workplace Environment Analysis Inventory, and original instrument, to secure reactions of employees in a downsized environment, specifically on morale, survivor job security, and trust. The findings suggested that even though there were discrepancies between the employees' and management's perceptions of morale and survivors job security, they did share similar perceptions on trust in the workplace. The results of this study can be used in designing leadership training programs for community based organizations and others faced with downsizing.
2 412 kr
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This work combines an empirical analysis of productive efficiency change in Newly Industrializing Countries with a theoretical growth model that explores the implications of improvements in productive efficiency on the growth rate of an economy.
Developing Human Capital in American Manufacturing
A Case Study of Barriers to Training and Development
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 987 kr
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This qualitative case study of an American manufacturing organization describes the barriers which limited its ability to receive maximum return on its investment for training and development resources invested in their human assets. Changing global economics have forced organizations to the realization that their competitive advantage lies in developing and tapping into their human assets or human capital. Professionals, managers, human resource development specialists, and academicians alike have developed theories supporting the systematic development of human assets to improve performance and achieve organizational business goals. This book examines how one organization, typically described as a High Performance Organization, attempted to put theory into application. Specifically, the book examines the concepts of needs assessment, systems theory, organization development, human capital theory, and performance improvement. The results find a systemic failure in human asset development initiatives rooted in the failure to view the organization as a whole, systematically assess performance, and involve the entire organization in designing and implementing a holistic approach to improving performance and developing the organizations human assets. Specifically, inefficient organizational structure and lack of clearly defined business goals were significant barriers to the systematic development of their human assets.
Managing the Business
How Successful Managers Align Management Systems with Business Strategy
Inbunden, Engelska, 1999
1 706 kr
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First published in 2000. Managers who are able to conceptualize and align management systems with business strategy are more likely to achieve on-the-job results, receive higher performance appraisals, and move up in the organization. This in-depth study of senior, middle and first-line managers examines how successful managers use management systems to achieve high productivity and innovation in their areas of responsibility. In today's fast-paced, dynamic and highly competitive work environment, organizations strive to attract and develop strong leaders and managers. Executive, human resource specialists, organization development and training professionals are vitally interested in learning what qualities or characteristics the best leaders and managers exhibit, and how to develop those qualities in their existing workforce. While previous research has focused on the qualities of strong leader/managers primarily in senior or first-line management positions, this book reports the results of a comprehensive analysis of successful senior, middle and first-line managers in a high technology company. In this book, the reader will learn how the best managers define management systems and align those systems with business strategy in ways that achieve desired business results, and identify them as the leaders of the future.
Different Transition Path
Ownership, Performance, and Influence of Chinese Rural Industrial Enterprises
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
1 492 kr
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Originally published in 1995 this volume examines and analyzes the factors that have made the township-village enterprise (TVE) such a driver of growth in the Chinese economy in recent years. The book analyzes the background of the TVE and discusses regional differences in TVE efficiency as well as examining the apparent contradiction of the success of the TVE despite the lack of well-defined property rights. Issues of rural-rural and rural-urban migration phenomena are discussed and the differences discussed between the Chinese economy and those of other developing nations.
Different Transition Path
Ownership, Performance, and Influence of Chinese Rural Industrial Enterprises
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
530 kr
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Originally published in 1995 this volume examines and analyzes the factors that have made the township-village enterprise (TVE) such a driver of growth in the Chinese economy in recent years. The book analyzes the background of the TVE and discusses regional differences in TVE efficiency as well as examining the apparent contradiction of the success of the TVE despite the lack of well-defined property rights. Issues of rural-rural and rural-urban migration phenomena are discussed and the differences discussed between the Chinese economy and those of other developing nations.
Champions of Technological Change
How Organizations Successfully Implement New Technology
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
1 082 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book concerns successful implementation of radical, technological innovations within business organizations. It extends and unifies paradigms for understanding implementation of radical innovations by modeling roles and interactions between key vending and buying firm players. It focuses on how interaction between certain players in buying and vending organizations affects successful implementation of the innovation and investigates the relationships between the user, buying change agent and vending change agent.
Champions of Technological Change
How Organizations Successfully Implement New Technology
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
375 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book concerns successful implementation of radical, technological innovations within business organizations. It extends and unifies paradigms for understanding implementation of radical innovations by modeling roles and interactions between key vending and buying firm players. It focuses on how interaction between certain players in buying and vending organizations affects successful implementation of the innovation and investigates the relationships between the user, buying change agent and vending change agent.
1 492 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book undertakes a comprehensive study dealing with the effects of machine flexibility, tool magazine capacity, varying production demands and different oeprating policies on the production planning problems. Performance measures such as FMS flexibility, makespan and inventory are used in evaluating the effects. Three measures of FMS flexibility - actual routing flexibility, potential routing flexibility and capacity flexibility are defined and operationalized.
516 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book undertakes a comprehensive study dealing with the effects of machine flexibility, tool magazine capacity, varying production demands and different oeprating policies on the production planning problems. Performance measures such as FMS flexibility, makespan and inventory are used in evaluating the effects. Three measures of FMS flexibility - actual routing flexibility, potential routing flexibility and capacity flexibility are defined and operationalized.
Vertical Integration and Technological Innovation
A Transaction Cost Approach
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
1 492 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this volume investigates the relationship between a firm's decision to integrate vertically and its research and development (R & D) strategy. Literature on vertical integration is reviewed and a framework presented to analyze the costs and benefits of vertical integration. The theoretical basis for the proposed hypostheses is investigated and the hypotheses tested empirically.
516 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this volume investigates the relationship between a firm's decision to integrate vertically and its research and development (R & D) strategy. Literature on vertical integration is reviewed and a framework presented to analyze the costs and benefits of vertical integration. The theoretical basis for the proposed hypostheses is investigated and the hypotheses tested empirically.
Exposing Federal Sponsorship of Job Loss
The Whitehall Plant Closing Campaign and "Runaway Plant" Reform
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
969 kr
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Originally published in 1995, this book explores a number of subjects of significance for labor and economic policy, especially the role of U. S. tax policy in the relocation of jobs from the contintental USA to Puerto Rico. The book demonstrates the problems for the USA because of inadequate adjustment policies to protect the interests of communities and workers when plants close and production is relocated. It disproves the myth that markets will take fcare of workers and communities, showing that basic economics is concerned with market forces and not with equity, environmental and worker protections. The Whitehall plant closing case is documented and the economic and political context analyzed which caused that case to be instructive for broader economic and labor policy purposes. In a new age of American Protectionism, this book has enduring relevance.
Exposing Federal Sponsorship of Job Loss
The Whitehall Plant Closing Campaign and "Runaway Plant" Reform
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
375 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Originally published in 1995, this book explores a number of subjects of significance for labor and economic policy, especially the role of U. S. tax policy in the relocation of jobs from the contintental USA to Puerto Rico. The book demonstrates the problems for the USA because of inadequate adjustment policies to protect the interests of communities and workers when plants close and production is relocated. It disproves the myth that markets will take fcare of workers and communities, showing that basic economics is concerned with market forces and not with equity, environmental and worker protections. The Whitehall plant closing case is documented and the economic and political context analyzed which caused that case to be instructive for broader economic and labor policy purposes. In a new age of American Protectionism, this book has enduring relevance.
Why Nations Put to Sea
Technology and the Changing Character of Sea Power in the Twenty-First Century
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
1 492 kr
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Originally published in 2000, this book describes the relation between technology and the exercise of sea power. It emphasizes the importance of mastering and maintaining technology for the means of exercising maritime power whether the USA is at peace or in a time of conflict. The changing character of maritime power is evaluated through an examination of current trends, historical precedent and deductive logic. Many factors influence sea power, but it is the exponential growth in the use of science and technology which the author believes is the key to understanding the future of sea power.
Why Nations Put to Sea
Technology and the Changing Character of Sea Power in the Twenty-First Century
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
516 kr
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Originally published in 2000, this book describes the relation between technology and the exercise of sea power. It emphasizes the importance of mastering and maintaining technology for the means of exercising maritime power whether the USA is at peace or in a time of conflict. The changing character of maritime power is evaluated through an examination of current trends, historical precedent and deductive logic. Many factors influence sea power, but it is the exponential growth in the use of science and technology which the author believes is the key to understanding the future of sea power.
Strategic Investment Planning with Technology Choice in Manufacturing Systems
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
983 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book examines problems related to investment planning, capacity additions, and choice of technology in dynamic manufacturing systems characterized by multiple products, dynamic demand growth, uncertainty in demand and availability of alternative technologies. A model-based methodology is developed that focuses on trade-offs between flexible and conventional technology. The research conducted for this book is directed to the development of tools to support investment decisions in production capacity over medium and long-term planning horizons.
347 kr
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Originally published in 1994 this book examines problems related to investment planning, capacity additions, and choice of technology in dynamic manufacturing systems characterized by multiple products, dynamic demand growth, uncertainty in demand and availability of alternative technologies. A model-based methodology is developed that focuses on trade-offs between flexible and conventional technology. The research conducted for this book is directed to the development of tools to support investment decisions in production capacity over medium and long-term planning horizons.
Study of Innovative Behavior in High Technology Product Development Organizations
Inbunden, Engelska, 2018
1 492 kr
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Originally published in 1999, this volume integrates several streams of research on the antecedents of innovation to test a model of individual innovative behavior in a high technology product development organization. The sample for this research was a group of Engineers, Designers and Lab Technicians employed in an engineering department responsible for the development of high technology products. Structural equation modeling techniques and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the research.
Study of Innovative Behavior in High Technology Product Development Organizations
Häftad, Engelska, 2020
516 kr
Skickas inom 10-15 vardagar
Originally published in 1999, this volume integrates several streams of research on the antecedents of innovation to test a model of individual innovative behavior in a high technology product development organization. The sample for this research was a group of Engineers, Designers and Lab Technicians employed in an engineering department responsible for the development of high technology products. Structural equation modeling techniques and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate the research.
11 960 kr
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Originally published between 1994 and 2000 the volumes in this set discuss: the successful implementation of radical, technological innovations within business organizations.issues of Chinese rural-rural and rural-urban migration a number of subjects of significance for labor and economic policy, especially the role of U. S. tax policy in the relocation of jobs from the contintental USA to Puerto Rico. the impact an immigrant community in the USA has on the type and quantity of foreign goods available. the relation between technology and the exercise of sea power.problems related to investment planning, capacity additions, and choice of technology in dynamic manufacturing systems.