Schaum's Outline of Italian Grammar

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• Dedication PREFACE CONTENTS Chapter 1 THE PRONUNCIATION OF ITALIAN The Italian Alphabet and Its Sounds Sounding out the Alphabet. Vowels. Single and double consonants. Stress (accento tonico) and accent marks. Diphthongs and triphthongs. Hiatus. Syllabication. Punctuation and Orthographic Marks. Chapter 2 NOUNS AND ARTICLES Nouns Nouns ending in -o and -a. Plural forms. Nouns ending in -e. Nouns referring to human beings. Nouns referring to things. Feminine nouns. Forming the plural. Masculine nouns ending in -a. Feminine nouns ending in -o. Plural of nouns ending in -ca and -ga. Plural of masculine nouns ending in -co and -go. Plural of masculine nouns ending in -io. Nouns with two plurals (feminine and masculine) and two meanings. Masculine nouns with feminine plurals. Plural of feminine nouns ending in -cia and -gia. Plural of nouns ending in a stressed vowel. Plural of monosyllabic nouns. Irregular plural nouns. Masculine and feminine endings of the same noun. Foreign nouns. Compound nouns. Diminutives, augmentatives, and pejoratives. The Definite Article With general and abstract nouns. With titles. With languages. With continents, countries, islands, regions, and cities. With nouns denoting family members preceded by possessive adjectives. With days of the week. With prepositions and contractions. Articulated prepositions. Feminine singular plural forms. Masculine plural forms. Feminine plural forms. The Indefinite Article Special uses of the indefinite article. The Partitive The partitive versus the definite article. Exception to the rule for using the partitive. After expressions of quantity with di. Chapter 3 ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS Adjectives Ending in -o Adjectives Ending in -e Adjectives of Nationality Adjectives Ending in -co, -ca, -go, -ga Adjectives Ending in -cio, -cia, -gio, -gia Irregular Adjectives of Color Adjectives with Shortened Forms Bello, Grande, Santo, Buono, and Nessuno. Titles Ending in -e Formation of Nouns from Adjectives Possessive Adjectives With nouns denoting family members or relatives. Demonstrative Adjectives Expressions Che! and Quanto! Formation of Adverbs Chapter 4 COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES Comparatives Comparative of equality with adjectives. Comparative of equality with nouns. Comparative of inequality. Relative Superlative of Adjectives Absolute Superlative of Adjectives and Adverbs Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives Irregular Comparatives and Superlatives of Adverbs Chapter 5 NUMBERS, DATES, AND TIME Numbers Cardinal numbers. Special use of Duecento, Trecento, etc. Ordinal numbers. Ordinal numbers with titles. Fractions. Dates Days of the week. Months of the year. Seasons of the year. Time Colloquial time. Official time. Chapter 6 VERBS Moods and Tenses Simple Tenses Formal versus familiar forms. Subject pronouns. Present Indicative Tense (Presente Indicativo) Regular first-conjugation verbs. Verbs in -ciare, -glare, -chiare, -ghiare. Verbs in -care and -gare. Regular second-conjugation verbs. Verbs ending in -cere. Regular third-conjugation verbs. Third-conjugation vote with -isc. Irregular verbs. Irregular verbs with -co. Verbs with -go. Verbs with -io. Other verbs with a vowel change in the root. Modal Verbs (Verbi Modali): Dovere, Potere, Volere Avere and Essere Special use of the Present Indicative