Composite Reinforcements for Optimum Performance

Philippe Boisse is currently Professor of Mechanical Engineering at INSA Lyon, France. His main fields of research are textile composites, composite forming and mechanics of fibrous materials. He is currently President of the French Association for Composite Materials AMAC, a member of the ‘Institut Universitaire de France’ (IUF), and an Associated Editor for the International Journal of Material Forming (Springer).

• Contributor contact detailsPart I: Materials for reinforcements in compositesChapter 1: Fibres for composite reinforcement: properties and microstructuresAbstract:1.1 Introduction1.2 Fineness, units, flexibility and strength1.3 Comparison of materials1.4 Organic fibres1.5 Glass fibres1.6 Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) monofilaments1.7 Carbon fibres1.8 Small-diameter ceramic fibres1.9 ConclusionsChapter 2: Carbon nanotube reinforcements for compositesAbstract:2.1 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)2.2 Carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composites2.3 Performance and applicationsChapter 3: Ceramic reinforcements for compositesAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Ceramic fibers: general features3.3 Fracture strength: statistical features3.4 Mechanical behavior at high temperatures3.5 Fiber–matrix interfaces: influence on mechanical behavior3.6 Mechanical behavior of composites: influence of fibers and interfaces3.7 ConclusionPart II: Structures for reinforcements in compositesChapter 4: Woven reinforcements for compositesAbstract:4.1 Introduction: from the beginning of weaving to technical applications4.2 Technology description4.3 Woven fabric definitions4.4 Applications for composite reinforcements4.5 Conclusion and future trends4.6 AcknowledgementChapter 5: Braided reinforcements for compositesAbstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Fundamentals of braiding5.3 Braiding technologies for preforming5.4 Key parameters for using braiding machines5.5 Characteristics and properties of braided textiles5.6 Mandrel technologies5.7 Further processing5.8 Typical applications5.9 Limitations and drawbacks5.10 Future trendsChapter 6: Three-dimensional (3D) fibre reinforcements for compositesAbstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Manufacture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.3 Microstructure of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.4 Delamination fracture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.5 Impact damage resistance and tolerance of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.6 Through-thickness stiffness and strength of three dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.7 Through-thickness thermal properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.8 In-plane mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.9 Joint properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites6.10 ConclusionsChapter 7: Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: WiseTexAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Generic data structure for description of internal geometry of textile reinforcement7.3 Geometrical description of specific types of reinforcements7.4 Geometrical model as a pre-processor for prediction of mechanical properties of the reinforcement7.5 ConclusionChapter 8: Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: TexGenAbstract:8.1 Introduction: rationale and background to TexGen8.2 Implementation8.3 Modelling theory8.4 Rendering and export of model8.5 Applications8.6 Future trendsPart III: Properties of composite reinforcementsChapter 9: In-plane shear properties of woven fabric reinforced compositesAbstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 Fabric properties9.3 Experimental setups of the trellis-frame test9.4 Experimental results of the trellis-frame test9.5 Experimental setups of the bias extension test9.6 Experimental results of the bias extension test9.7 Conclusions9.8 AcknowledgmentsChapter 10: Biaxial tensile properties of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Experimental analysis10.3 Analytical model10.4 Numerical modelling10.5 ConclusionsChapter 11: Transverse compression properties of composite reinforcementsAbstract:11.1 Introduction11.2 Transverse compression of composite reinforcements11.3 Inelastic response of fibrous materials11.4 Inelastic models of reinforcement compression11.5 Future trendsChapter 12: Bending properties of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:12.1 Context12.2 Improved cantilever test12.3 Results and discussion12.4 Conclusions12.5 AcknowledgementChapter 13: Friction properties of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:13.1 Introduction13.2 Theory13.3 Testing methodologies (static and dynamic friction coefficients)13.4 Experimental data13.5 Modeling of thermostamping13.6 ConclusionChapter 14: Permeability properties of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:14.1 Introduction14.2 The permeability tensor14.3 Saturated permeability modelling for fibre preforms14.4 Unsaturated permeability modelling14.5 Permeability measurement methods14.6 Conclusion and future trendsPart IV: Characterising and modelling reinforcements in compositesChapter 15: Microscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcement in compositesAbstract:15.1 Introduction15.2 Interests and goals of the approach at microscopic scale15.3 Modelling approach to textile composites at microscopic scale15.4 Application examples15.5 ConclusionsChapter 16: Mesoscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:16.1 Introduction16.2 Mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement16.3 Mechanical behaviour of the yarn16.4 Geometric modelling16.5 Behaviour identification and finite element modelling16.6 Finite element simulations, use and results16.7 Conclusions and future trendsChapter 17: Continuous models for analyzing the mechanical behavior of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:17.1 Introduction17.2 Continuum mechanics-based non-orthogonal model17.3 Non-orthogonal constitutive model for woven fabrics17.4 Specific application for a plain weave composite fabric17.5 Validation of the non-orthogonal model17.6 General fiber-reinforced hyperelastic model17.7 Specific fiber-reinforced hyperelastic model for woven composite fabrics17.8 Conclusions17.9 AcknowledgmentChapter 18: X-ray tomography analysis of the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in compositesAbstract:18.1 Introduction18.2 X-ray tomography of composite reinforcements18.3 Analyses of the structure of a textile reinforcement18.4 Application of the mechanical behaviour of woven reinforcements to finite element simulations18.5 ConclusionChapter 19: Flow modeling in composite reinforcementsAbstract:19.1 Introduction19.2 Governing flow equations19.3 Analytical solution19.4 Numerical solution19.5 Application examples19.6 ConclusionsChapter 20: Modelling short fibre polymer reinforcements for compositesAbstract:20.1 Introduction20.2 Observations20.3 Models20.4 Computation of fibre orientation in injection moulding20.5 ConclusionsChapter 21: Modelling composite reinforcement forming processesAbstract:21.1 Introduction21.2 A mesoscopic approach21.3 Continuous approaches21.4 The semi-discrete approach21.5 Discussion and conclusion21.6 AcknowledgementsIndex