Jeff Burley took an honours degree in Forestry at Oxford (1961) and an MF (1962) and PhD (1965) at Yale where his thesis concerned the genetic variation of Sitka spruce. He then headed the Forest Genetics Research Laboratory of the Agricultural Research Council of Central Africa for four years, living in Zambia and working also in Malawi and Zimbabwe. He returned to Oxford in 1969 and held three successive posts in Oxford University - Senior Research Officer for Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement; Lecturer in Wood Structure and Properties; Director, Oxford Forestry Institute and Professor of Forestry. Variously in these roles he provided education, research, advice and information plus actual consultancies to many countries and agencies throughout the world.From 1995 - 2000 he was the President of the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations and is now Immediate Past-President; from July 2002 to February 2005 he was chairman of the Commonwealth Forestry Association. He was also Chairman of the British and Irish Hardwoods Improvement Programme from 1999 to 2004. For many years he was Director-at-Large of the International Society of Tropical Foresters. In 1991 he was presented with the CBE (Commander of the British Empire) by the Queen of England for services to international forestry. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Society of American Foresters and of the UK Institute of Chartered Foresters, Honorary Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and Foreign Corresponding Member of the Swedish and Italian Academies. Since 1994 he has been a member (and since 1998 the Chairman) of the Marcus Wallenberg Prize Selection Committee. Professor Julian Evans OBE is on the staff of Imperial College London where he convenes a Masters degree in Forest Protection and Conservation. His main research interest is the sustainability of forest plantations, in particular sub-tropical pine plantations in Swaziland, Africa. Julian was formerly the British Forestry Commission’s Chief Research Officer (South) in charge of the Alice Holt Research Station. Research interest in UK focused on silviculture of broadleaved woodland, cold-hardy eucalypts, and tree nutrition.Julian is author of about 130 scientific articles and papers and 12 books including Plantation Forestry in the Tropics Oxford, 3e 2004. He is vice-president of the Commonwealth Forestry Association, an honorary member of the Society of American Foresters, and has chaired UNFF intersessional meetings on forest plantations. Julian owns, manages and also writes about his own 12 ha woodland. He is on the board of the international relief and development agency, Tearfund, and was appointed OBE in 1997 for ‘services to forestry and the third world’. John A. Youngquist, P.E.Born in 1939 in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Education: B.S. Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1962. Professional Engineering Registration, Wisconsin 1965. Law, 40 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1965. Statistics and advanced calculus, 20 semester hours, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1967. Business Management, 20 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1977. Professional Positions: Ray-O-Vac Corporation; Technical Manager, Quality Control Manager, and Assistant Plant Manager (1967-1975). Research Project Leader, Forest Products Laboratory, 1975 through 1999. Recipient: USDA Superior Service Awards, 1982, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001; Outstanding Federal Supervisor of the Year, 1991; USDA Forest Service Engineering Manager of the Year, 1993; USDA Forest Service Chief’s Award for Technology Transfer, 1999. Certificates of Merit, Forest Products Laboratory, 1985 through 1997. Distinguished Service Award - International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO), 2004. Elected: Deputy Coordinator and Coordinator of IUFRO Division 5 on Forest Products; IUFRO Board of Directors (1990-2000); IUFRO Chair of Honors and Awards Committee (1997-2000), IUFRO Chair of Finance Committee (1997-2000); Vice President, President-elect and President of the Forest Products Society (1993-1996); Fellow, International Academy of Wood Science, (1996 and continuing). Appointed: Editorial Boards of Journal of Tropical Forest Science (1992-1995), Journal of Tropical Forest Products (1995 and continuing, Drvna Industrija Journal (1994 and continuing, CAB Abstracts (1997-2000). Patents: Six granted. Professional Registration: Professional Engineer, State of Wisconsin, USA. Publications Authored: A total of 120, and continuing.Youngqu

"...provides an excellent summary of current ideas and practice...This encyclopedia does the job triumphantly. If you are at all involved with trees, you should have a copy." --Colin Tudge, Nature Magazine, September 2004"Timely and unique, this contribution to the literature of forest sciences is the first encyclopedia to provide global coverage of forestry-related subjects that affect politics, the environment, economics, and science...The coverage is extraordinarily extensive…an outstanding work....Highly recommended." --N. Kobzina, University of California Berkeley, 2004"...an outstanding work. ...Highly recommended." --CHOICE, 2004

• Aquatic Habitats in Forest EcosystemsBiological Impacts of Deforestation and FragmentationBreeding and Genetic Resources of Scots PineBreeding Theory and Genetic TestingCauses of Deforestation and Forest FragmentationConifer Breeding and Genetic ResourcesCytogenetics of Forest Tree SpeciesDisease and Pest Resistance BreedingEconomic Returns from Tree BreedingEndangered Species of TreesEntomology: Bark BeetlesEntomology: Foliage FeedersEntomology: SapsuckersEucalyptus Improvement and CultureForest CanopiesForest Ecosystems: AcaciasForest Ecosystems: Alders, Birches and WillowsForest Ecosystems: Bamboos, Palms and Rattans (Arecaceae and Poaceae)Forest Ecosystems: BombacaceaeForest Ecosystems: CombretaceaeForest Ecosystems: DipterocarpsForest Ecosystems: EucalyptsForest Ecosystems: Fagaceae (Oaks, Beeches, Hickories and Nothofagus)Forest Ecosystems: Ficus spp. (and other important Moraceae)Forest Ecosystems: Juglandaceae (Hickories)Forest Ecosystems: LauraceaeForest Ecosystems: LecythidaceaeForest Ecosystems: MangrovesForest Ecosystems: MyristicaceaeForest Ecosystems: PinesForest Ecosystems: PoplarsForest Ecosystems: Southern Hemisphere ConifersForest Ecosystems: Spruces, Firs and LarchesForest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Teak and Related VerbenaceaeForest Ecosystems: Woody Legumes (excluding Acacias)Forest Environment: Carbon CycleForest Environment: Environmental ImpactsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Current and Future SignpostsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Quantitative Genetic PrinciplesForest Genetics and Tree Breeding Overview: HistoryForest Health: Biochemical and Physiological AspectsForest Health: Diagnosis, Monitoring and EvaluationForest Landscape: Cultural Values and Perceptions of Forests by Indigenous CommunitiesForest Landscape: Perceptions of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Analysis of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Resource Management ApproachesForest Management for ConservationForest Operations: ErgonomicsForest Operations: Forest Operations in the Tropics/Reduced Impact LoggingForest Operations: Forest Operations ManagementForest Operations: Forest Operations under Mountainous ConditionsForest Operations: Harvesting of ThinningsForest Operations: Logistics in Forest OperationsForest Operations: Nursery OperationsForest Operations: Roading and Transport OperationsForest Operations: Small-scale ForestryForest Operations: Wood DeliveryForest Pathology: Diseases of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Heart Rot and Wood DecayForest Pathology: Insect Associated DiseasesForest Pathology: Leaf and Needle DiseasesForest Pathology: Phytophthora Root Rot of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Pine Wilt and the Pine Wood NematodeForest Pathology: Root and Butt Rot DiseasesForest Pathology: Rust DiseasesForest Pathology: Stem Canker DiseasesForest Pathology: Tree Disease in Exotic Plantation IndustryForest Pathology: Vascular Wilt DiseasesForest Planning and Design: Forest Amenity Planning ApproachesForest Planning and Design: Public Participation in Community Forestry in the TropicsForest Planning and Design: The Role of Visualisation in Forest PlanningForest Plant DiversityForest Products: Adhesion and AdhesivesForest Products: Biological Deterioration of WoodForest Products: Biological Improvement of Wood PropertiesForest Products: Chemical Modification of WoodForest Products: Chemical Properties of WoodForest Products: Chemicals from WoodForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: Effect of Growth Conditions on Wood PropertiesForest Products: Energy from WoodForest Products: Environmental Aspects of Using Wood Compared to Other Building MaterialsForest Products: Formation and Structure of WoodForest Products: Glued Structural MembersForest Products: International Trade in Wood ProductsForest Products: Lumber Production, Properties and UsesForest Products: Mechanical Properties of WoodForest Products: Physical Properties of WoodForest Products: Protection of Wood against BiodeteriorationForest Products: Protection of Wood from FireForest Products: Solid Wood Recycling and Recycled ProductsForest Products: Structural Use of WoodForest Products: Timbers, Poles and TiesForest Products: Wood DryingForest Products: Wood FinishingForest Products: Wood MachiningForest Products: Wood-based Composites and Panel ProductsForest Recreation: Inventory, Monitoring and Management - Concepts, Approaches and MethodsForest Recreation: User Needs and PreferencesForests, Tree Physiology and ClimateGenecological/Adaptational GeneticsGenetic Aspects of Air Pollution and Climate ChangeGenetic Systems of Forest TreesGenetics and Improvement of Wood PropertiesGenetics of Pinus RadiataHistory: History and Overview of Wood UseHistory: Paper and PapermakingHuman Influences on Forest WildlifeHydrology: Forest Hydrological CycleHydrology: Forests and Snow and Avalanche ControlHydrology: Forests and Soil Erosion ControlHydrology: Forests and StreamflowHydrology: Forests and Water QualityHydrology: Hydrological Impacts of Forest ManagementHydrology: Hydrology of Forest PlantationsImpacts of Air Pollution on Forest EcosystemsImpacts of Elevated CO2 and Climate Change on Forest SystemsIntegrated Pest Management: Practical Implementation in Temperate and Tropical ForestsIntegrated Pest Management: Principles in Temperate and Tropical ForestsInventory: Biodiversity in ForestsInventory: Biometric ResearchInventory: Design, Performance and Evaluation of ExperimentsInventory: Forest ChangeInventory: Forest Inventory and MonitoringInventory: Forest MeasurementsInventory: Forest ResourcesInventory: GIS and Remote SensingInventory: Large-scale Forest Inventory and Scenario ModelingInventory: Mensuration - Growth and YieldInventory: ModelingInventory: Multipurpose Resource InventoriesInventory: Non-timber Forest Resources and ProductsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Spatial InformationInventory: Stand InventoriesInventory: Statistical Methods (Mathematics and Computers)Inventory: Timber and Tree MeasurementsInventory: Yield Tables, Forecasting, Modelling and SimulationLandscape Ecology - Use and Application in ForestryLandscape Ecology the ConceptsMolecular Biology of Forest TreesNatural Disturbance in Forest EnvironmentsNitrogen-fixing Tree Improvement and CultureNon-wood Forest Products: Bamboos and their Role in Ecosystem RehabilitationNon-wood Forest Products: Cork OakNon-wood Forest Products: Edible Products from the ForestNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Bioprospecting and BiopartnershipNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Ethnobotany and Conservation StatusNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Good Sourcing and Manufacturing PracticesNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal Plants and Human HealthNon-wood Forest Products: Paper Raw Materials and Paper TechnologyNon-wood Forest Products: Resin, Latex and Palm OilNon-wood Forest Products: Rubber TreesNon-wood Forest Products: Seasonal GreeneryNon-wood Forest Products: Traditional Chinese Medicine System and Associated Medicinal PlantsNon-wood Forest Products: Tribal Medicine and Medicinal Plant-based KnowledgeOak Breeding and Genetic ResourcesPlant-Animal Interactions in Forest EcosystemsPoplar and Willow Genetics and BreedingPopulation Dynamics of Forest InsectsPopulation, Conservation and Ecological GeneticsPropagation Technology for Forest TreesPulp and Paper: Bleaching of PulpPulp and Paper: Chemical AdditivesPulp and Paper: Chemical PulpingPulp and Paper: Chip PreparationPulp and Paper: CoatingPulp and Paper: Environmental ControlPulp and Paper: Fiber ResourcesPulp and Paper: Mechanical PulpingPulp and Paper: New TechnologyPulp and Paper: Packaging GradesPulp and Paper: Paper GradesPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paperboard GradesPulp and Paper: PapermakingPulp and Paper: Physical PropertiesPulp and Paper: PrintingPulp and Paper: Tissue GradesPulp and Paper: World Industry OverviewRegional Forest Types: Mediteranean Forest EcosystemsRegional Forest Types: Monsoon Forests (Southern and Southeast Asia)Regional Forest Types: Northern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Southern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Subalpine and Boreal ForestsRegional Forest Types: Temperate Broadleaved Deciduous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Moist ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Montane ForestsReproductive Ecology of Forest TreesSilviculture: CoppicingSilviculture: Ecology and Silviculture of Tropical Wetland ForestsSilviculture: Forest DynamicsSilviculture: Forest Fires (Prediction, Prevention, Preparedness and Suppression)Silviculture: Forest PlantationsSilviculture: Forest RehabilitationSilviculture: Ground PreparationSilviculture: High PruningSilviculture: Managing for Tropical Non-timber Forest ProductsSilviculture: Multiple-use SilvicultureSilviculture: Natural Regeneration of Tropical Rain ForestsSilviculture: Natural Stand RegenerationSilviculture: Reclamation of Mining LandsSilviculture: RotationsSilviculture: Short Rotation Forestry for Biomass ProductionSilviculture: Silvicultural SystemsSilviculture: Silviculture in Mountain ForestsSilviculture: Species ChoiceSilviculture: Stand Density and Stocking in PlantationsSilviculture: Stand Establishment, Treatment and PromotionSilviculture: Sustainability of Forest PlantationsSilviculture: TendingSilviculture: Tropical SilvicultureSilviculture: Unevenaged SilvicultureSilviculture: Windbreaks and ShelterbeltsSilviculture and Management in Arid and Semi-arid RegionsSilviculture in Polluted AreasSocial Forestry: Collaborative Management between Forest Industries and Local CommunitiesSocial Forestry: Common Property Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Forest and Tree Tenure and OwnershipSocial Forestry: Forest FunctionsSocial Forestry: Forest ValuesSocial Forestry: Joint and Collaborative Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Social and Community ForestrySoils and Site: Forests and Soil DevelopmentSoils and Site: Landscape and Soil Classification for Forest ManagementSoils and Site: Nutrient CyclingSoils and Site: Nutrient Limitations and FertilizationSoils and Site: Soil and its Relationship to Forest Productivity and HealthSoils and Site: Soil BiologySoils and Site: Soil Contamination and AmeliorationSoils and Site: Soil Organic MatterSoils and Site: The Forest FloorSoils and Site: Tree Roots and their Interaction with SoilSoils and Site: Waste Utilization and TreatmentSoils and Site: Water Storage and MovementSouthern Pine Breeding and Genetic ResourcesSustainable Forest ManagementSustainable Forest Management: CertificationTree Physiology: A Whole Tree PerspectiveTree Physiology: Canopy ProcessesTree Physiology: MycorrhizaeTree Physiology: NutritionTree Physiology: PhysiologyTree Physiology: Physiology of Sexual Reproduction in TreesTree Physiology: Physiology of Vegetative ReproductionTree Physiology: Root System PhysiologyTree Physiology: Seed PhysiologyTree Physiology: Shoot Growth and Canopy DevelopmentTree Physiology: StressTree Physiology: Xylem PhysiologyTropical Hardwoods Breeding and Genetic ResourcesTropical Pines Breeding and Genetic ResourcesUrban Forestry

Jeff Burley took an honours degree in Forestry at Oxford (1961) and an MF (1962) and PhD (1965) at Yale where his thesis concerned the genetic variation of Sitka spruce. He then headed the Forest Genetics Research Laboratory of the Agricultural Research Council of Central Africa for four years, living in Zambia and working also in Malawi and Zimbabwe. He returned to Oxford in 1969 and held three successive posts in Oxford University - Senior Research Officer for Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement; Lecturer in Wood Structure and Properties; Director, Oxford Forestry Institute and Professor of Forestry. Variously in these roles he provided education, research, advice and information plus actual consultancies to many countries and agencies throughout the world.From 1995 - 2000 he was the President of the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations and is now Immediate Past-President; from July 2002 to February 2005 he was chairman of the Commonwealth Forestry Association. He was also Chairman of the British and Irish Hardwoods Improvement Programme from 1999 to 2004. For many years he was Director-at-Large of the International Society of Tropical Foresters. In 1991 he was presented with the CBE (Commander of the British Empire) by the Queen of England for services to international forestry. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Society of American Foresters and of the UK Institute of Chartered Foresters, Honorary Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and Foreign Corresponding Member of the Swedish and Italian Academies. Since 1994 he has been a member (and since 1998 the Chairman) of the Marcus Wallenberg Prize Selection Committee. Professor Julian Evans OBE is on the staff of Imperial College London where he convenes a Masters degree in Forest Protection and Conservation. His main research interest is the sustainability of forest plantations, in particular sub-tropical pine plantations in Swaziland, Africa. Julian was formerly the British Forestry Commission’s Chief Research Officer (South) in charge of the Alice Holt Research Station. Research interest in UK focused on silviculture of broadleaved woodland, cold-hardy eucalypts, and tree nutrition.Julian is author of about 130 scientific articles and papers and 12 books including Plantation Forestry in the Tropics Oxford, 3e 2004. He is vice-president of the Commonwealth Forestry Association, an honorary member of the Society of American Foresters, and has chaired UNFF intersessional meetings on forest plantations. Julian owns, manages and also writes about his own 12 ha woodland. He is on the board of the international relief and development agency, Tearfund, and was appointed OBE in 1997 for ‘services to forestry and the third world’. John A. Youngquist, P.E.Born in 1939 in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Education: B.S. Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1962. Professional Engineering Registration, Wisconsin 1965. Law, 40 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1965. Statistics and advanced calculus, 20 semester hours, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1967. Business Management, 20 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1977. Professional Positions: Ray-O-Vac Corporation; Technical Manager, Quality Control Manager, and Assistant Plant Manager (1967-1975). Research Project Leader, Forest Products Laboratory, 1975 through 1999. Recipient: USDA Superior Service Awards, 1982, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001; Outstanding Federal Supervisor of the Year, 1991; USDA Forest Service Engineering Manager of the Year, 1993; USDA Forest Service Chief’s Award for Technology Transfer, 1999. Certificates of Merit, Forest Products Laboratory, 1985 through 1997. Distinguished Service Award - International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO), 2004. Elected: Deputy Coordinator and Coordinator of IUFRO Division 5 on Forest Products; IUFRO Board of Directors (1990-2000); IUFRO Chair of Honors and Awards Committee (1997-2000), IUFRO Chair of Finance Committee (1997-2000); Vice President, President-elect and President of the Forest Products Society (1993-1996); Fellow, International Academy of Wood Science, (1996 and continuing). Appointed: Editorial Boards of Journal of Tropical Forest Science (1992-1995), Journal of Tropical Forest Products (1995 and continuing, Drvna Industrija Journal (1994 and continuing, CAB Abstracts (1997-2000). Patents: Six granted. Professional Registration: Professional Engineer, State of Wisconsin, USA. Publications Authored: A total of 120, and continuing.Youngqu

"...provides an excellent summary of current ideas and practice...This encyclopedia does the job triumphantly. If you are at all involved with trees, you should have a copy." --Colin Tudge, Nature Magazine, September 2004"Timely and unique, this contribution to the literature of forest sciences is the first encyclopedia to provide global coverage of forestry-related subjects that affect politics, the environment, economics, and science...The coverage is extraordinarily extensive…an outstanding work....Highly recommended." --N. Kobzina, University of California Berkeley, 2004"...an outstanding work. ...Highly recommended." --CHOICE, 2004

• Aquatic Habitats in Forest EcosystemsBiological Impacts of Deforestation and FragmentationBreeding and Genetic Resources of Scots PineBreeding Theory and Genetic TestingCauses of Deforestation and Forest FragmentationConifer Breeding and Genetic ResourcesCytogenetics of Forest Tree SpeciesDisease and Pest Resistance BreedingEconomic Returns from Tree BreedingEndangered Species of TreesEntomology: Bark BeetlesEntomology: Foliage FeedersEntomology: SapsuckersEucalyptus Improvement and CultureForest CanopiesForest Ecosystems: AcaciasForest Ecosystems: Alders, Birches and WillowsForest Ecosystems: Bamboos, Palms and Rattans (Arecaceae and Poaceae)Forest Ecosystems: BombacaceaeForest Ecosystems: CombretaceaeForest Ecosystems: DipterocarpsForest Ecosystems: EucalyptsForest Ecosystems: Fagaceae (Oaks, Beeches, Hickories and Nothofagus)Forest Ecosystems: Ficus spp. (and other important Moraceae)Forest Ecosystems: Juglandaceae (Hickories)Forest Ecosystems: LauraceaeForest Ecosystems: LecythidaceaeForest Ecosystems: MangrovesForest Ecosystems: MyristicaceaeForest Ecosystems: PinesForest Ecosystems: PoplarsForest Ecosystems: Southern Hemisphere ConifersForest Ecosystems: Spruces, Firs and LarchesForest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Teak and Related VerbenaceaeForest Ecosystems: Woody Legumes (excluding Acacias)Forest Environment: Carbon CycleForest Environment: Environmental ImpactsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Current and Future SignpostsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Quantitative Genetic PrinciplesForest Genetics and Tree Breeding Overview: HistoryForest Health: Biochemical and Physiological AspectsForest Health: Diagnosis, Monitoring and EvaluationForest Landscape: Cultural Values and Perceptions of Forests by Indigenous CommunitiesForest Landscape: Perceptions of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Analysis of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Resource Management ApproachesForest Management for ConservationForest Operations: ErgonomicsForest Operations: Forest Operations in the Tropics/Reduced Impact LoggingForest Operations: Forest Operations ManagementForest Operations: Forest Operations under Mountainous ConditionsForest Operations: Harvesting of ThinningsForest Operations: Logistics in Forest OperationsForest Operations: Nursery OperationsForest Operations: Roading and Transport OperationsForest Operations: Small-scale ForestryForest Operations: Wood DeliveryForest Pathology: Diseases of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Heart Rot and Wood DecayForest Pathology: Insect Associated DiseasesForest Pathology: Leaf and Needle DiseasesForest Pathology: Phytophthora Root Rot of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Pine Wilt and the Pine Wood NematodeForest Pathology: Root and Butt Rot DiseasesForest Pathology: Rust DiseasesForest Pathology: Stem Canker DiseasesForest Pathology: Tree Disease in Exotic Plantation IndustryForest Pathology: Vascular Wilt DiseasesForest Planning and Design: Forest Amenity Planning ApproachesForest Planning and Design: Public Participation in Community Forestry in the TropicsForest Planning and Design: The Role of Visualisation in Forest PlanningForest Plant DiversityForest Products: Adhesion and AdhesivesForest Products: Biological Deterioration of WoodForest Products: Biological Improvement of Wood PropertiesForest Products: Chemical Modification of WoodForest Products: Chemical Properties of WoodForest Products: Chemicals from WoodForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: Effect of Growth Conditions on Wood PropertiesForest Products: Energy from WoodForest Products: Environmental Aspects of Using Wood Compared to Other Building MaterialsForest Products: Formation and Structure of WoodForest Products: Glued Structural MembersForest Products: International Trade in Wood ProductsForest Products: Lumber Production, Properties and UsesForest Products: Mechanical Properties of WoodForest Products: Physical Properties of WoodForest Products: Protection of Wood against BiodeteriorationForest Products: Protection of Wood from FireForest Products: Solid Wood Recycling and Recycled ProductsForest Products: Structural Use of WoodForest Products: Timbers, Poles and TiesForest Products: Wood DryingForest Products: Wood FinishingForest Products: Wood MachiningForest Products: Wood-based Composites and Panel ProductsForest Recreation: Inventory, Monitoring and Management - Concepts, Approaches and MethodsForest Recreation: User Needs and PreferencesForests, Tree Physiology and ClimateGenecological/Adaptational GeneticsGenetic Aspects of Air Pollution and Climate ChangeGenetic Systems of Forest TreesGenetics and Improvement of Wood PropertiesGenetics of Pinus RadiataHistory: History and Overview of Wood UseHistory: Paper and PapermakingHuman Influences on Forest WildlifeHydrology: Forest Hydrological CycleHydrology: Forests and Snow and Avalanche ControlHydrology: Forests and Soil Erosion ControlHydrology: Forests and StreamflowHydrology: Forests and Water QualityHydrology: Hydrological Impacts of Forest ManagementHydrology: Hydrology of Forest PlantationsImpacts of Air Pollution on Forest EcosystemsImpacts of Elevated CO2 and Climate Change on Forest SystemsIntegrated Pest Management: Practical Implementation in Temperate and Tropical ForestsIntegrated Pest Management: Principles in Temperate and Tropical ForestsInventory: Biodiversity in ForestsInventory: Biometric ResearchInventory: Design, Performance and Evaluation of ExperimentsInventory: Forest ChangeInventory: Forest Inventory and MonitoringInventory: Forest MeasurementsInventory: Forest ResourcesInventory: GIS and Remote SensingInventory: Large-scale Forest Inventory and Scenario ModelingInventory: Mensuration - Growth and YieldInventory: ModelingInventory: Multipurpose Resource InventoriesInventory: Non-timber Forest Resources and ProductsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Spatial InformationInventory: Stand InventoriesInventory: Statistical Methods (Mathematics and Computers)Inventory: Timber and Tree MeasurementsInventory: Yield Tables, Forecasting, Modelling and SimulationLandscape Ecology - Use and Application in ForestryLandscape Ecology the ConceptsMolecular Biology of Forest TreesNatural Disturbance in Forest EnvironmentsNitrogen-fixing Tree Improvement and CultureNon-wood Forest Products: Bamboos and their Role in Ecosystem RehabilitationNon-wood Forest Products: Cork OakNon-wood Forest Products: Edible Products from the ForestNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Bioprospecting and BiopartnershipNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Ethnobotany and Conservation StatusNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Good Sourcing and Manufacturing PracticesNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal Plants and Human HealthNon-wood Forest Products: Paper Raw Materials and Paper TechnologyNon-wood Forest Products: Resin, Latex and Palm OilNon-wood Forest Products: Rubber TreesNon-wood Forest Products: Seasonal GreeneryNon-wood Forest Products: Traditional Chinese Medicine System and Associated Medicinal PlantsNon-wood Forest Products: Tribal Medicine and Medicinal Plant-based KnowledgeOak Breeding and Genetic ResourcesPlant-Animal Interactions in Forest EcosystemsPoplar and Willow Genetics and BreedingPopulation Dynamics of Forest InsectsPopulation, Conservation and Ecological GeneticsPropagation Technology for Forest TreesPulp and Paper: Bleaching of PulpPulp and Paper: Chemical AdditivesPulp and Paper: Chemical PulpingPulp and Paper: Chip PreparationPulp and Paper: CoatingPulp and Paper: Environmental ControlPulp and Paper: Fiber ResourcesPulp and Paper: Mechanical PulpingPulp and Paper: New TechnologyPulp and Paper: Packaging GradesPulp and Paper: Paper GradesPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paperboard GradesPulp and Paper: PapermakingPulp and Paper: Physical PropertiesPulp and Paper: PrintingPulp and Paper: Tissue GradesPulp and Paper: World Industry OverviewRegional Forest Types: Mediteranean Forest EcosystemsRegional Forest Types: Monsoon Forests (Southern and Southeast Asia)Regional Forest Types: Northern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Southern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Subalpine and Boreal ForestsRegional Forest Types: Temperate Broadleaved Deciduous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Moist ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Montane ForestsReproductive Ecology of Forest TreesSilviculture: CoppicingSilviculture: Ecology and Silviculture of Tropical Wetland ForestsSilviculture: Forest DynamicsSilviculture: Forest Fires (Prediction, Prevention, Preparedness and Suppression)Silviculture: Forest PlantationsSilviculture: Forest RehabilitationSilviculture: Ground PreparationSilviculture: High PruningSilviculture: Managing for Tropical Non-timber Forest ProductsSilviculture: Multiple-use SilvicultureSilviculture: Natural Regeneration of Tropical Rain ForestsSilviculture: Natural Stand RegenerationSilviculture: Reclamation of Mining LandsSilviculture: RotationsSilviculture: Short Rotation Forestry for Biomass ProductionSilviculture: Silvicultural SystemsSilviculture: Silviculture in Mountain ForestsSilviculture: Species ChoiceSilviculture: Stand Density and Stocking in PlantationsSilviculture: Stand Establishment, Treatment and PromotionSilviculture: Sustainability of Forest PlantationsSilviculture: TendingSilviculture: Tropical SilvicultureSilviculture: Unevenaged SilvicultureSilviculture: Windbreaks and ShelterbeltsSilviculture and Management in Arid and Semi-arid RegionsSilviculture in Polluted AreasSocial Forestry: Collaborative Management between Forest Industries and Local CommunitiesSocial Forestry: Common Property Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Forest and Tree Tenure and OwnershipSocial Forestry: Forest FunctionsSocial Forestry: Forest ValuesSocial Forestry: Joint and Collaborative Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Social and Community ForestrySoils and Site: Forests and Soil DevelopmentSoils and Site: Landscape and Soil Classification for Forest ManagementSoils and Site: Nutrient CyclingSoils and Site: Nutrient Limitations and FertilizationSoils and Site: Soil and its Relationship to Forest Productivity and HealthSoils and Site: Soil BiologySoils and Site: Soil Contamination and AmeliorationSoils and Site: Soil Organic MatterSoils and Site: The Forest FloorSoils and Site: Tree Roots and their Interaction with SoilSoils and Site: Waste Utilization and TreatmentSoils and Site: Water Storage and MovementSouthern Pine Breeding and Genetic ResourcesSustainable Forest ManagementSustainable Forest Management: CertificationTree Physiology: A Whole Tree PerspectiveTree Physiology: Canopy ProcessesTree Physiology: MycorrhizaeTree Physiology: NutritionTree Physiology: PhysiologyTree Physiology: Physiology of Sexual Reproduction in TreesTree Physiology: Physiology of Vegetative ReproductionTree Physiology: Root System PhysiologyTree Physiology: Seed PhysiologyTree Physiology: Shoot Growth and Canopy DevelopmentTree Physiology: StressTree Physiology: Xylem PhysiologyTropical Hardwoods Breeding and Genetic ResourcesTropical Pines Breeding and Genetic ResourcesUrban Forestry

Jeff Burley took an honours degree in Forestry at Oxford (1961) and an MF (1962) and PhD (1965) at Yale where his thesis concerned the genetic variation of Sitka spruce. He then headed the Forest Genetics Research Laboratory of the Agricultural Research Council of Central Africa for four years, living in Zambia and working also in Malawi and Zimbabwe. He returned to Oxford in 1969 and held three successive posts in Oxford University - Senior Research Officer for Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement; Lecturer in Wood Structure and Properties; Director, Oxford Forestry Institute and Professor of Forestry. Variously in these roles he provided education, research, advice and information plus actual consultancies to many countries and agencies throughout the world.From 1995 - 2000 he was the President of the International Union of Forestry Research Organizations and is now Immediate Past-President; from July 2002 to February 2005 he was chairman of the Commonwealth Forestry Association. He was also Chairman of the British and Irish Hardwoods Improvement Programme from 1999 to 2004. For many years he was Director-at-Large of the International Society of Tropical Foresters. In 1991 he was presented with the CBE (Commander of the British Empire) by the Queen of England for services to international forestry. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Society of American Foresters and of the UK Institute of Chartered Foresters, Honorary Research Professor at the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and Foreign Corresponding Member of the Swedish and Italian Academies. Since 1994 he has been a member (and since 1998 the Chairman) of the Marcus Wallenberg Prize Selection Committee. Professor Julian Evans OBE is on the staff of Imperial College London where he convenes a Masters degree in Forest Protection and Conservation. His main research interest is the sustainability of forest plantations, in particular sub-tropical pine plantations in Swaziland, Africa. Julian was formerly the British Forestry Commission’s Chief Research Officer (South) in charge of the Alice Holt Research Station. Research interest in UK focused on silviculture of broadleaved woodland, cold-hardy eucalypts, and tree nutrition.Julian is author of about 130 scientific articles and papers and 12 books including Plantation Forestry in the Tropics Oxford, 3e 2004. He is vice-president of the Commonwealth Forestry Association, an honorary member of the Society of American Foresters, and has chaired UNFF intersessional meetings on forest plantations. Julian owns, manages and also writes about his own 12 ha woodland. He is on the board of the international relief and development agency, Tearfund, and was appointed OBE in 1997 for ‘services to forestry and the third world’. John A. Youngquist, P.E.Born in 1939 in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Education: B.S. Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin at Madison, 1962. Professional Engineering Registration, Wisconsin 1965. Law, 40 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1965. Statistics and advanced calculus, 20 semester hours, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1967. Business Management, 20 semester hours, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1977. Professional Positions: Ray-O-Vac Corporation; Technical Manager, Quality Control Manager, and Assistant Plant Manager (1967-1975). Research Project Leader, Forest Products Laboratory, 1975 through 1999. Recipient: USDA Superior Service Awards, 1982, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001; Outstanding Federal Supervisor of the Year, 1991; USDA Forest Service Engineering Manager of the Year, 1993; USDA Forest Service Chief’s Award for Technology Transfer, 1999. Certificates of Merit, Forest Products Laboratory, 1985 through 1997. Distinguished Service Award - International Union of Forestry Research Organizations (IUFRO), 2004. Elected: Deputy Coordinator and Coordinator of IUFRO Division 5 on Forest Products; IUFRO Board of Directors (1990-2000); IUFRO Chair of Honors and Awards Committee (1997-2000), IUFRO Chair of Finance Committee (1997-2000); Vice President, President-elect and President of the Forest Products Society (1993-1996); Fellow, International Academy of Wood Science, (1996 and continuing). Appointed: Editorial Boards of Journal of Tropical Forest Science (1992-1995), Journal of Tropical Forest Products (1995 and continuing, Drvna Industrija Journal (1994 and continuing, CAB Abstracts (1997-2000). Patents: Six granted. Professional Registration: Professional Engineer, State of Wisconsin, USA. Publications Authored: A total of 120, and continuing.Youngqu

"...provides an excellent summary of current ideas and practice...This encyclopedia does the job triumphantly. If you are at all involved with trees, you should have a copy." --Colin Tudge, Nature Magazine, September 2004"Timely and unique, this contribution to the literature of forest sciences is the first encyclopedia to provide global coverage of forestry-related subjects that affect politics, the environment, economics, and science...The coverage is extraordinarily extensive…an outstanding work....Highly recommended." --N. Kobzina, University of California Berkeley, 2004"...an outstanding work. ...Highly recommended." --CHOICE, 2004

• Aquatic Habitats in Forest EcosystemsBiological Impacts of Deforestation and FragmentationBreeding and Genetic Resources of Scots PineBreeding Theory and Genetic TestingCauses of Deforestation and Forest FragmentationConifer Breeding and Genetic ResourcesCytogenetics of Forest Tree SpeciesDisease and Pest Resistance BreedingEconomic Returns from Tree BreedingEndangered Species of TreesEntomology: Bark BeetlesEntomology: Foliage FeedersEntomology: SapsuckersEucalyptus Improvement and CultureForest CanopiesForest Ecosystems: AcaciasForest Ecosystems: Alders, Birches and WillowsForest Ecosystems: Bamboos, Palms and Rattans (Arecaceae and Poaceae)Forest Ecosystems: BombacaceaeForest Ecosystems: CombretaceaeForest Ecosystems: DipterocarpsForest Ecosystems: EucalyptsForest Ecosystems: Fagaceae (Oaks, Beeches, Hickories and Nothofagus)Forest Ecosystems: Ficus spp. (and other important Moraceae)Forest Ecosystems: Juglandaceae (Hickories)Forest Ecosystems: LauraceaeForest Ecosystems: LecythidaceaeForest Ecosystems: MangrovesForest Ecosystems: MyristicaceaeForest Ecosystems: PinesForest Ecosystems: PoplarsForest Ecosystems: Southern Hemisphere ConifersForest Ecosystems: Spruces, Firs and LarchesForest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Swietenia (American mahogany)Forest Ecosystems: Teak and Related VerbenaceaeForest Ecosystems: Woody Legumes (excluding Acacias)Forest Environment: Carbon CycleForest Environment: Environmental ImpactsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Current and Future SignpostsForest Genetics and Tree Breeding: Quantitative Genetic PrinciplesForest Genetics and Tree Breeding Overview: HistoryForest Health: Biochemical and Physiological AspectsForest Health: Diagnosis, Monitoring and EvaluationForest Landscape: Cultural Values and Perceptions of Forests by Indigenous CommunitiesForest Landscape: Perceptions of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Analysis of Forest LandscapesForest Landscape: Visual Resource Management ApproachesForest Management for ConservationForest Operations: ErgonomicsForest Operations: Forest Operations in the Tropics/Reduced Impact LoggingForest Operations: Forest Operations ManagementForest Operations: Forest Operations under Mountainous ConditionsForest Operations: Harvesting of ThinningsForest Operations: Logistics in Forest OperationsForest Operations: Nursery OperationsForest Operations: Roading and Transport OperationsForest Operations: Small-scale ForestryForest Operations: Wood DeliveryForest Pathology: Diseases of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Heart Rot and Wood DecayForest Pathology: Insect Associated DiseasesForest Pathology: Leaf and Needle DiseasesForest Pathology: Phytophthora Root Rot of Forest TreesForest Pathology: Pine Wilt and the Pine Wood NematodeForest Pathology: Root and Butt Rot DiseasesForest Pathology: Rust DiseasesForest Pathology: Stem Canker DiseasesForest Pathology: Tree Disease in Exotic Plantation IndustryForest Pathology: Vascular Wilt DiseasesForest Planning and Design: Forest Amenity Planning ApproachesForest Planning and Design: Public Participation in Community Forestry in the TropicsForest Planning and Design: The Role of Visualisation in Forest PlanningForest Plant DiversityForest Products: Adhesion and AdhesivesForest Products: Biological Deterioration of WoodForest Products: Biological Improvement of Wood PropertiesForest Products: Chemical Modification of WoodForest Products: Chemical Properties of WoodForest Products: Chemicals from WoodForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: DendrochronologyForest Products: Effect of Growth Conditions on Wood PropertiesForest Products: Energy from WoodForest Products: Environmental Aspects of Using Wood Compared to Other Building MaterialsForest Products: Formation and Structure of WoodForest Products: Glued Structural MembersForest Products: International Trade in Wood ProductsForest Products: Lumber Production, Properties and UsesForest Products: Mechanical Properties of WoodForest Products: Physical Properties of WoodForest Products: Protection of Wood against BiodeteriorationForest Products: Protection of Wood from FireForest Products: Solid Wood Recycling and Recycled ProductsForest Products: Structural Use of WoodForest Products: Timbers, Poles and TiesForest Products: Wood DryingForest Products: Wood FinishingForest Products: Wood MachiningForest Products: Wood-based Composites and Panel ProductsForest Recreation: Inventory, Monitoring and Management - Concepts, Approaches and MethodsForest Recreation: User Needs and PreferencesForests, Tree Physiology and ClimateGenecological/Adaptational GeneticsGenetic Aspects of Air Pollution and Climate ChangeGenetic Systems of Forest TreesGenetics and Improvement of Wood PropertiesGenetics of Pinus RadiataHistory: History and Overview of Wood UseHistory: Paper and PapermakingHuman Influences on Forest WildlifeHydrology: Forest Hydrological CycleHydrology: Forests and Snow and Avalanche ControlHydrology: Forests and Soil Erosion ControlHydrology: Forests and StreamflowHydrology: Forests and Water QualityHydrology: Hydrological Impacts of Forest ManagementHydrology: Hydrology of Forest PlantationsImpacts of Air Pollution on Forest EcosystemsImpacts of Elevated CO2 and Climate Change on Forest SystemsIntegrated Pest Management: Practical Implementation in Temperate and Tropical ForestsIntegrated Pest Management: Principles in Temperate and Tropical ForestsInventory: Biodiversity in ForestsInventory: Biometric ResearchInventory: Design, Performance and Evaluation of ExperimentsInventory: Forest ChangeInventory: Forest Inventory and MonitoringInventory: Forest MeasurementsInventory: Forest ResourcesInventory: GIS and Remote SensingInventory: Large-scale Forest Inventory and Scenario ModelingInventory: Mensuration - Growth and YieldInventory: ModelingInventory: Multipurpose Resource InventoriesInventory: Non-timber Forest Resources and ProductsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Regional and Global Forest Resource AssessmentsInventory: Spatial InformationInventory: Stand InventoriesInventory: Statistical Methods (Mathematics and Computers)Inventory: Timber and Tree MeasurementsInventory: Yield Tables, Forecasting, Modelling and SimulationLandscape Ecology - Use and Application in ForestryLandscape Ecology the ConceptsMolecular Biology of Forest TreesNatural Disturbance in Forest EnvironmentsNitrogen-fixing Tree Improvement and CultureNon-wood Forest Products: Bamboos and their Role in Ecosystem RehabilitationNon-wood Forest Products: Cork OakNon-wood Forest Products: Edible Products from the ForestNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Bioprospecting and BiopartnershipNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Ethnobotany and Conservation StatusNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Good Sourcing and Manufacturing PracticesNon-wood Forest Products: Medicinal Plants and Human HealthNon-wood Forest Products: Paper Raw Materials and Paper TechnologyNon-wood Forest Products: Resin, Latex and Palm OilNon-wood Forest Products: Rubber TreesNon-wood Forest Products: Seasonal GreeneryNon-wood Forest Products: Traditional Chinese Medicine System and Associated Medicinal PlantsNon-wood Forest Products: Tribal Medicine and Medicinal Plant-based KnowledgeOak Breeding and Genetic ResourcesPlant-Animal Interactions in Forest EcosystemsPoplar and Willow Genetics and BreedingPopulation Dynamics of Forest InsectsPopulation, Conservation and Ecological GeneticsPropagation Technology for Forest TreesPulp and Paper: Bleaching of PulpPulp and Paper: Chemical AdditivesPulp and Paper: Chemical PulpingPulp and Paper: Chip PreparationPulp and Paper: CoatingPulp and Paper: Environmental ControlPulp and Paper: Fiber ResourcesPulp and Paper: Mechanical PulpingPulp and Paper: New TechnologyPulp and Paper: Packaging GradesPulp and Paper: Paper GradesPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paper Recycling Science and TechnologyPulp and Paper: Paperboard GradesPulp and Paper: PapermakingPulp and Paper: Physical PropertiesPulp and Paper: PrintingPulp and Paper: Tissue GradesPulp and Paper: World Industry OverviewRegional Forest Types: Mediteranean Forest EcosystemsRegional Forest Types: Monsoon Forests (Southern and Southeast Asia)Regional Forest Types: Northern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Southern Coniferous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Subalpine and Boreal ForestsRegional Forest Types: Temperate Broadleaved Deciduous ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Dry ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Moist ForestsRegional Forest Types: Tropical Montane ForestsReproductive Ecology of Forest TreesSilviculture: CoppicingSilviculture: Ecology and Silviculture of Tropical Wetland ForestsSilviculture: Forest DynamicsSilviculture: Forest Fires (Prediction, Prevention, Preparedness and Suppression)Silviculture: Forest PlantationsSilviculture: Forest RehabilitationSilviculture: Ground PreparationSilviculture: High PruningSilviculture: Managing for Tropical Non-timber Forest ProductsSilviculture: Multiple-use SilvicultureSilviculture: Natural Regeneration of Tropical Rain ForestsSilviculture: Natural Stand RegenerationSilviculture: Reclamation of Mining LandsSilviculture: RotationsSilviculture: Short Rotation Forestry for Biomass ProductionSilviculture: Silvicultural SystemsSilviculture: Silviculture in Mountain ForestsSilviculture: Species ChoiceSilviculture: Stand Density and Stocking in PlantationsSilviculture: Stand Establishment, Treatment and PromotionSilviculture: Sustainability of Forest PlantationsSilviculture: TendingSilviculture: Tropical SilvicultureSilviculture: Unevenaged SilvicultureSilviculture: Windbreaks and ShelterbeltsSilviculture and Management in Arid and Semi-arid RegionsSilviculture in Polluted AreasSocial Forestry: Collaborative Management between Forest Industries and Local CommunitiesSocial Forestry: Common Property Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Forest and Tree Tenure and OwnershipSocial Forestry: Forest FunctionsSocial Forestry: Forest ValuesSocial Forestry: Joint and Collaborative Forest ManagementSocial Forestry: Social and Community ForestrySoils and Site: Forests and Soil DevelopmentSoils and Site: Landscape and Soil Classification for Forest ManagementSoils and Site: Nutrient CyclingSoils and Site: Nutrient Limitations and FertilizationSoils and Site: Soil and its Relationship to Forest Productivity and HealthSoils and Site: Soil BiologySoils and Site: Soil Contamination and AmeliorationSoils and Site: Soil Organic MatterSoils and Site: The Forest FloorSoils and Site: Tree Roots and their Interaction with SoilSoils and Site: Waste Utilization and TreatmentSoils and Site: Water Storage and MovementSouthern Pine Breeding and Genetic ResourcesSustainable Forest ManagementSustainable Forest Management: CertificationTree Physiology: A Whole Tree PerspectiveTree Physiology: Canopy ProcessesTree Physiology: MycorrhizaeTree Physiology: NutritionTree Physiology: PhysiologyTree Physiology: Physiology of Sexual Reproduction in TreesTree Physiology: Physiology of Vegetative ReproductionTree Physiology: Root System PhysiologyTree Physiology: Seed PhysiologyTree Physiology: Shoot Growth and Canopy DevelopmentTree Physiology: StressTree Physiology: Xylem PhysiologyTropical Hardwoods Breeding and Genetic ResourcesTropical Pines Breeding and Genetic ResourcesUrban Forestry