About our author Frank Schmalleger, PhD, is Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, where he is also recognized as Distinguished Professor. Dr. Schmalleger holds degrees from the University of Notre Dame and The Ohio State University, having earned both a master’s degree (1970) and a doctorate in sociology (1974) from The Ohio State University with a special emphasis in criminology.From 1976 to 1994, he taught criminal justice courses at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. For the last 16 of those years, he chaired the university’s Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminal Justice. As an adjunct professor at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri, Schmalleger helped develop the university’s graduate program in security administration and loss prevention. He taught courses in that curriculum for over a decade. Schmalleger also taught in the New School for Social Research’s online graduate program, helping to build the world’s first electronic classrooms in support of distance learning through computer telecommunications. An avid web user and site builder, Schmalleger is also the creator of award-winning websites.Frank Schmalleger is the author of numerous articles and many books, including the widely used Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (Pearson, 2019), now in its 15th edition; Juvenile Delinquency (with Clemens Bartollas; Pearson, 2019); Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, 13th Edition (Pearson, 2020); Criminal Law Today, 6th Edition (with Daniel Hall and John Dolatowski; Pearson, 2017); Crime and the Justice System in America: An Encyclopedia (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997); Trial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James Simpson (Prentice Hall, 1996); Career Paths: A Guide to Jobs in Federal Law Enforcement (Regents/Prentice Hall, 1994); Computers in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Criminal Justice Ethics (Greenwood Press, 1991); Finding Criminal Justice in the Library (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Ethics in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1990); A History of Corrections (Foundations Press of Notre Dame, 1983); and The Social Basis of Criminal Justice (University Press of America, 1981). Schmalleger is also the founding editor of the journal Criminal Justice Studies (formerly The Justice Professional).Schmalleger’s philosophy of both teaching and writing can be summed up in these words: “In order to communicate knowledge, we must first catch, then hold, a person’s interest – whether a student, colleague, or policymaker. Our writing, our speaking, and our teaching must be relevant to the problems facing people today, and they must – in some way – help solve those problems.”

• PART I. CRIMINOLOGY EXPLAINED — THE EVIL MEN (AND WOMEN) DO What Is Criminology? — Understanding Crime and CriminalsPART II. CRIME CAUSATION — WHAT WE DO AND WHY WE DO IT Classical and Neoclassical Criminology — Choice and ConsequencesEarly Biological Perspectives on Criminal Behavior — It's What We AreBiosocial and Other Contemporary Perspectives — Interaction Is KeyPsychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior — It's How We ThinkSocial Structure — It's Where and How We LiveSocial Process and Social Development — It's What We LearnSocial Conflict and Emergent Theories — It's How We RelatePART III. THE CRIME PICTURE — IT's NOT PRETTY Criminal Victimization — It's PersonalCrimes against Persons-What We FearCrimes against Property — It's What We LoseWhite-Collar and Organized Crime — Crime as a JobDrug and Sex Crimes — Recreational OffensesPART IV. CRIME IN THE MODERN WORLD — TODAY's HEADLINES Technology and Crime — It's a Double-Edged SwordGlobalization and Terrorism — Our Small World

About our author Frank Schmalleger, PhD, is Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, where he is also recognized as Distinguished Professor. Dr. Schmalleger holds degrees from the University of Notre Dame and The Ohio State University, having earned both a master’s degree (1970) and a doctorate in sociology (1974) from The Ohio State University with a special emphasis in criminology.From 1976 to 1994, he taught criminal justice courses at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. For the last 16 of those years, he chaired the university’s Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminal Justice. As an adjunct professor at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri, Schmalleger helped develop the university’s graduate program in security administration and loss prevention. He taught courses in that curriculum for over a decade. Schmalleger also taught in the New School for Social Research’s online graduate program, helping to build the world’s first electronic classrooms in support of distance learning through computer telecommunications. An avid web user and site builder, Schmalleger is also the creator of award-winning websites.Frank Schmalleger is the author of numerous articles and many books, including the widely used Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (Pearson, 2019), now in its 15th edition; Juvenile Delinquency (with Clemens Bartollas; Pearson, 2019); Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, 13th Edition (Pearson, 2020); Criminal Law Today, 6th Edition (with Daniel Hall and John Dolatowski; Pearson, 2017); Crime and the Justice System in America: An Encyclopedia (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997); Trial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James Simpson (Prentice Hall, 1996); Career Paths: A Guide to Jobs in Federal Law Enforcement (Regents/Prentice Hall, 1994); Computers in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Criminal Justice Ethics (Greenwood Press, 1991); Finding Criminal Justice in the Library (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Ethics in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1990); A History of Corrections (Foundations Press of Notre Dame, 1983); and The Social Basis of Criminal Justice (University Press of America, 1981). Schmalleger is also the founding editor of the journal Criminal Justice Studies (formerly The Justice Professional).Schmalleger’s philosophy of both teaching and writing can be summed up in these words: “In order to communicate knowledge, we must first catch, then hold, a person’s interest – whether a student, colleague, or policymaker. Our writing, our speaking, and our teaching must be relevant to the problems facing people today, and they must – in some way – help solve those problems.”

• PART I. CRIMINOLOGY EXPLAINED — THE EVIL MEN (AND WOMEN) DO What Is Criminology? — Understanding Crime and CriminalsPART II. CRIME CAUSATION — WHAT WE DO AND WHY WE DO IT Classical and Neoclassical Criminology — Choice and ConsequencesEarly Biological Perspectives on Criminal Behavior — It's What We AreBiosocial and Other Contemporary Perspectives — Interaction Is KeyPsychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior — It's How We ThinkSocial Structure — It's Where and How We LiveSocial Process and Social Development — It's What We LearnSocial Conflict and Emergent Theories — It's How We RelatePART III. THE CRIME PICTURE — IT's NOT PRETTY Criminal Victimization — It's PersonalCrimes against Persons-What We FearCrimes against Property — It's What We LoseWhite-Collar and Organized Crime — Crime as a JobDrug and Sex Crimes — Recreational OffensesPART IV. CRIME IN THE MODERN WORLD — TODAY's HEADLINES Technology and Crime — It's a Double-Edged SwordGlobalization and Terrorism — Our Small World

About our author Frank Schmalleger, PhD, is Professor Emeritus at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke, where he is also recognized as Distinguished Professor. Dr. Schmalleger holds degrees from the University of Notre Dame and The Ohio State University, having earned both a master’s degree (1970) and a doctorate in sociology (1974) from The Ohio State University with a special emphasis in criminology.From 1976 to 1994, he taught criminal justice courses at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke. For the last 16 of those years, he chaired the university’s Department of Sociology, Social Work, and Criminal Justice. As an adjunct professor at Webster University in St. Louis, Missouri, Schmalleger helped develop the university’s graduate program in security administration and loss prevention. He taught courses in that curriculum for over a decade. Schmalleger also taught in the New School for Social Research’s online graduate program, helping to build the world’s first electronic classrooms in support of distance learning through computer telecommunications. An avid web user and site builder, Schmalleger is also the creator of award-winning websites.Frank Schmalleger is the author of numerous articles and many books, including the widely used Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century (Pearson, 2019), now in its 15th edition; Juvenile Delinquency (with Clemens Bartollas; Pearson, 2019); Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction, 13th Edition (Pearson, 2020); Criminal Law Today, 6th Edition (with Daniel Hall and John Dolatowski; Pearson, 2017); Crime and the Justice System in America: An Encyclopedia (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997); Trial of the Century: People of the State of California vs. Orenthal James Simpson (Prentice Hall, 1996); Career Paths: A Guide to Jobs in Federal Law Enforcement (Regents/Prentice Hall, 1994); Computers in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Criminal Justice Ethics (Greenwood Press, 1991); Finding Criminal Justice in the Library (Wyndham Hall Press, 1991); Ethics in Criminal Justice (Wyndham Hall Press, 1990); A History of Corrections (Foundations Press of Notre Dame, 1983); and The Social Basis of Criminal Justice (University Press of America, 1981). Schmalleger is also the founding editor of the journal Criminal Justice Studies (formerly The Justice Professional).Schmalleger’s philosophy of both teaching and writing can be summed up in these words: “In order to communicate knowledge, we must first catch, then hold, a person’s interest – whether a student, colleague, or policymaker. Our writing, our speaking, and our teaching must be relevant to the problems facing people today, and they must – in some way – help solve those problems.”

• PART I. CRIMINOLOGY EXPLAINED — THE EVIL MEN (AND WOMEN) DO What Is Criminology? — Understanding Crime and CriminalsPART II. CRIME CAUSATION — WHAT WE DO AND WHY WE DO IT Classical and Neoclassical Criminology — Choice and ConsequencesEarly Biological Perspectives on Criminal Behavior — It's What We AreBiosocial and Other Contemporary Perspectives — Interaction Is KeyPsychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior — It's How We ThinkSocial Structure — It's Where and How We LiveSocial Process and Social Development — It's What We LearnSocial Conflict and Emergent Theories — It's How We RelatePART III. THE CRIME PICTURE — IT's NOT PRETTY Criminal Victimization — It's PersonalCrimes against Persons-What We FearCrimes against Property — It's What We LoseWhite-Collar and Organized Crime — Crime as a JobDrug and Sex Crimes — Recreational OffensesPART IV. CRIME IN THE MODERN WORLD — TODAY's HEADLINES Technology and Crime — It's a Double-Edged SwordGlobalization and Terrorism — Our Small World