Guillermo Palacios is a retired professor of history at El Colegio de México, where he was director of the Centro de Estudos Históricos and Coordinator of the Chairs of Brazilian Studies. He earned his PhD in history from Princeton University. He has been a professor-researcher at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas (Rio de Janeiro) and the Centro de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Sociedade (CPDA) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE) of Mexico City, and El Colegio de Michoacán. He is a member of the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias and the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI). He has been a Fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at the University of Notre Dame and Visiting Professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Between 2013 and 2017 he served as Cultural Attaché at the Embajada de México in Brazil. He is Senior Editor of the Brazil section of the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin AmericanHistory.

• Topical Outline of Articles Articles in the encyclopedia are organized alphabetically. Articles in this outline are arranged under the following headings: Precolonial HistoryIndigenous Societies in Brazil before the European ArrivalPre-Columbian Earth Builders of the Amazon Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822Africans in Brazil and Afro-Brazilian Religion and CultureAtlantic Sugar Trade in 17th-Century BrazilCartography in the Administration of Portuguese America from the 16th to 18th CenturiesColonial Elites: Planters and Land Nobility in 17th- and 18th-Century BrazilColor and Race in Portuguese America, 1640-1750Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654Ecclesiastical Geography of Colonial BrazilEconomy during the Colonial PeriodEmpire in the Tropics, 1808-1821: A Historiographical OverviewFrontier, Backlands, and Indigenous Presence in Colonial São PauloGender and Sexuality in Colonial BrazilIndigenous Peoples and the Portuguese Crown in the 17th and 18th CenturiesJustice and Society in Colonial Brazil during the 17th and 18th CenturiesLabor, Territory, and Economy in the Colonial NorthPalmares and Zumbi: Quilombo Resistance to Colonial SlaveryPopular Religion in Colonial BrazilRevolt of the Enteados and Tailors in Bahia, 1798Slavery and Its Economic Structures in Colonial BrazilSugar and the Formation of Colonial BrazilTraders in Colonial Brazil: Origins, Strategies, and NetworksWomen and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil Imperial Brazil, 1822-1889Abolition of the African Slave Trade in BrazilBalaiada War, 1838-1841Beyond Slavery: Abolition and Post-abolition BrazilBlack Intellectuals in 19th-Century Rio de Janeiro and São PauloCabanagem in Pará, 1835-1840Capoeira: From Slave Combat Game to Global Martial ArtCarnival: Toward a HistoryCoffee and the Formation of Modern Brazil, 1860-1914Cultural Institutions of the Brazilian EmpireEnslaved and Free Workers and the Growth of the Working Class in BrazilFree Afro-Brazilians in the 19th CenturyGender and Sexuality in Brazil since IndependenceHistoriography of Brazil in the 19th CenturyImmigration and the Historical Formation of BrazilIndependence: Change and ContinuityInsurgent Pernambuco: From the Cabanos War (1832-1835) to the Praieira Revolution of 1848National Identity in Brazil and the Paraguayan WarNative Brazilians under the Monarchy in BrazilParaguayan War and Brazil: Conflicts and InterestsPopular Revolts in the Empire of BrazilRio de Janeiro: A Sociocultural HistorySabinada RebellionSexuality and Black Magic in BrazilSlave RevoltsSlavery and International Relations in 19th-Century BrazilSlavery, Race, and the Construction of the Imperial OrderVisions of the Nation in Imperial Brazil: Arts and Celebrations Republic of Brazil, Dictatorship, and Military Government, 1889-1985Amazon DevelopmentArchitecture in 20th-Century BrazilArtistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1917-1967Artistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1952-1990Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s and 1970sBlack Associational Politics in 20th-Century BrazilBrasilia: Relocating Brazil's Capital InlandCangaço and Cangaceiros: Rural Banditry in the Brazilian NortheastCarmen Miranda: Race, Gender, and Camp CultureCinema and Moviegoing in BrazilContemporary Art in Brazil, 1960s and 1970s: Forging the <"New> "Economy in Brazil during the 20th CenturyEstado Novo: Politics and Political Propaganda in Brazil, 1937-1945Favelas and Politics in Brazil, 1890-1960Gilberto Freyre and the Politics of Culture, 1930-1980Health, Malaria Campaigns, and Development in BrazilHistoriography of Brazil in the 20th CenturyIndigenous Policy and Politics in 20th-Century BrazilIntellectuals and the Nation in Early-20th-Century BrazilInternational Politics and BrazilJapanese Immigration to BrazilLiterary and Cultural Magazines in Brazil in the First Half of the 20th CenturyLuís Carlos Prestes: A Revolutionary between Two WorldsMarxist Thought in BrazilMilitary Coup in Brazil, 1964Military Regime in Brazil, 1964-1985Myths and Identities in Brazilian Culture: Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and His Raízes do BrasilPentecostalism in BrazilPopular Music before 1945Populism in Brazil, 1930-1964Publishing Houses and the <"Discovery> " of Brazil, 1930-1950Race, Science, and Social Thought in 20th-Century BrazilRevolta da Chibata: Conscription, Corporal Punishment, and State Control of Free Afro-BraziliansSamba SchoolsSão Paulo's BiennalesUnited States and the 1964 Brazilian Military CoupVaccine Revolt of 1904, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilVargas Era and the Politics of Cultural Production, 1930-1945War of CanudosWorld War I and BrazilWorld War II and Brazil Modern Brazil, 1985-PresentAIDS Crisis and BrazilAlcohol and Drugs in BrazilCacao Growing in the State of Bahia: A Sociopolitical HistoryCardoso PresidencyCollor Presidency from the Electoral Campaign to the ImpeachmentConsumerism and Advertising in 20th-Century BrazilDrought and Public Policy in Northeast BrazilEnvironmental Change and Mobilization in BrazilFootball (Soccer) in BrazilLGBTQ History and Movements in BrazilLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva and the Brazilian Workers Party (PT)Popular Music since 1945 and the Growth of the Brazilian Culture IndustriesProtected Environmental Areas across BrazilRace and Social Inequality in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilRadical Right Ideologies and Movements in BrazilRegionalism in BrazilRural Social Movements in the Second Half of the 20th CenturyScience and Technology in 20th-Century BrazilSertão and Its RepresentationsTelenovelas and Modernity in BrazilUnderdevelopment in Brazil and Its InterpretationsUniversities and Politics in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilWildlife in Brazil: History, Threats, and Opportunities Women's History and Movements in 20th- and 21st-Century Brazil

Guillermo Palacios is a retired professor of history at El Colegio de México, where he was director of the Centro de Estudos Históricos and Coordinator of the Chairs of Brazilian Studies. He earned his PhD in history from Princeton University. He has been a professor-researcher at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas (Rio de Janeiro) and the Centro de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Sociedade (CPDA) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE) of Mexico City, and El Colegio de Michoacán. He is a member of the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias and the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI). He has been a Fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at the University of Notre Dame and Visiting Professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Between 2013 and 2017 he served as Cultural Attaché at the Embajada de México in Brazil. He is Senior Editor of the Brazil section of the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin AmericanHistory.

• Topical Outline of Articles Articles in the encyclopedia are organized alphabetically. Articles in this outline are arranged under the following headings: Precolonial HistoryIndigenous Societies in Brazil before the European ArrivalPre-Columbian Earth Builders of the Amazon Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822Africans in Brazil and Afro-Brazilian Religion and CultureAtlantic Sugar Trade in 17th-Century BrazilCartography in the Administration of Portuguese America from the 16th to 18th CenturiesColonial Elites: Planters and Land Nobility in 17th- and 18th-Century BrazilColor and Race in Portuguese America, 1640-1750Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654Ecclesiastical Geography of Colonial BrazilEconomy during the Colonial PeriodEmpire in the Tropics, 1808-1821: A Historiographical OverviewFrontier, Backlands, and Indigenous Presence in Colonial São PauloGender and Sexuality in Colonial BrazilIndigenous Peoples and the Portuguese Crown in the 17th and 18th CenturiesJustice and Society in Colonial Brazil during the 17th and 18th CenturiesLabor, Territory, and Economy in the Colonial NorthPalmares and Zumbi: Quilombo Resistance to Colonial SlaveryPopular Religion in Colonial BrazilRevolt of the Enteados and Tailors in Bahia, 1798Slavery and Its Economic Structures in Colonial BrazilSugar and the Formation of Colonial BrazilTraders in Colonial Brazil: Origins, Strategies, and NetworksWomen and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil Imperial Brazil, 1822-1889Abolition of the African Slave Trade in BrazilBalaiada War, 1838-1841Beyond Slavery: Abolition and Post-abolition BrazilBlack Intellectuals in 19th-Century Rio de Janeiro and São PauloCabanagem in Pará, 1835-1840Capoeira: From Slave Combat Game to Global Martial ArtCarnival: Toward a HistoryCoffee and the Formation of Modern Brazil, 1860-1914Cultural Institutions of the Brazilian EmpireEnslaved and Free Workers and the Growth of the Working Class in BrazilFree Afro-Brazilians in the 19th CenturyGender and Sexuality in Brazil since IndependenceHistoriography of Brazil in the 19th CenturyImmigration and the Historical Formation of BrazilIndependence: Change and ContinuityInsurgent Pernambuco: From the Cabanos War (1832-1835) to the Praieira Revolution of 1848National Identity in Brazil and the Paraguayan WarNative Brazilians under the Monarchy in BrazilParaguayan War and Brazil: Conflicts and InterestsPopular Revolts in the Empire of BrazilRio de Janeiro: A Sociocultural HistorySabinada RebellionSexuality and Black Magic in BrazilSlave RevoltsSlavery and International Relations in 19th-Century BrazilSlavery, Race, and the Construction of the Imperial OrderVisions of the Nation in Imperial Brazil: Arts and Celebrations Republic of Brazil, Dictatorship, and Military Government, 1889-1985Amazon DevelopmentArchitecture in 20th-Century BrazilArtistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1917-1967Artistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1952-1990Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s and 1970sBlack Associational Politics in 20th-Century BrazilBrasilia: Relocating Brazil's Capital InlandCangaço and Cangaceiros: Rural Banditry in the Brazilian NortheastCarmen Miranda: Race, Gender, and Camp CultureCinema and Moviegoing in BrazilContemporary Art in Brazil, 1960s and 1970s: Forging the <"New> "Economy in Brazil during the 20th CenturyEstado Novo: Politics and Political Propaganda in Brazil, 1937-1945Favelas and Politics in Brazil, 1890-1960Gilberto Freyre and the Politics of Culture, 1930-1980Health, Malaria Campaigns, and Development in BrazilHistoriography of Brazil in the 20th CenturyIndigenous Policy and Politics in 20th-Century BrazilIntellectuals and the Nation in Early-20th-Century BrazilInternational Politics and BrazilJapanese Immigration to BrazilLiterary and Cultural Magazines in Brazil in the First Half of the 20th CenturyLuís Carlos Prestes: A Revolutionary between Two WorldsMarxist Thought in BrazilMilitary Coup in Brazil, 1964Military Regime in Brazil, 1964-1985Myths and Identities in Brazilian Culture: Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and His Raízes do BrasilPentecostalism in BrazilPopular Music before 1945Populism in Brazil, 1930-1964Publishing Houses and the <"Discovery> " of Brazil, 1930-1950Race, Science, and Social Thought in 20th-Century BrazilRevolta da Chibata: Conscription, Corporal Punishment, and State Control of Free Afro-BraziliansSamba SchoolsSão Paulo's BiennalesUnited States and the 1964 Brazilian Military CoupVaccine Revolt of 1904, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilVargas Era and the Politics of Cultural Production, 1930-1945War of CanudosWorld War I and BrazilWorld War II and Brazil Modern Brazil, 1985-PresentAIDS Crisis and BrazilAlcohol and Drugs in BrazilCacao Growing in the State of Bahia: A Sociopolitical HistoryCardoso PresidencyCollor Presidency from the Electoral Campaign to the ImpeachmentConsumerism and Advertising in 20th-Century BrazilDrought and Public Policy in Northeast BrazilEnvironmental Change and Mobilization in BrazilFootball (Soccer) in BrazilLGBTQ History and Movements in BrazilLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva and the Brazilian Workers Party (PT)Popular Music since 1945 and the Growth of the Brazilian Culture IndustriesProtected Environmental Areas across BrazilRace and Social Inequality in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilRadical Right Ideologies and Movements in BrazilRegionalism in BrazilRural Social Movements in the Second Half of the 20th CenturyScience and Technology in 20th-Century BrazilSertão and Its RepresentationsTelenovelas and Modernity in BrazilUnderdevelopment in Brazil and Its InterpretationsUniversities and Politics in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilWildlife in Brazil: History, Threats, and Opportunities Women's History and Movements in 20th- and 21st-Century Brazil

Guillermo Palacios is a retired professor of history at El Colegio de México, where he was director of the Centro de Estudos Históricos and Coordinator of the Chairs of Brazilian Studies. He earned his PhD in history from Princeton University. He has been a professor-researcher at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas (Rio de Janeiro) and the Centro de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Sociedade (CPDA) of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE) of Mexico City, and El Colegio de Michoacán. He is a member of the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias and the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI). He has been a Fellow at the Kellogg Institute for International Studies at the University of Notre Dame and Visiting Professor at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Between 2013 and 2017 he served as Cultural Attaché at the Embajada de México in Brazil. He is Senior Editor of the Brazil section of the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin AmericanHistory.

• Topical Outline of Articles Articles in the encyclopedia are organized alphabetically. Articles in this outline are arranged under the following headings: Precolonial HistoryIndigenous Societies in Brazil before the European ArrivalPre-Columbian Earth Builders of the Amazon Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822Africans in Brazil and Afro-Brazilian Religion and CultureAtlantic Sugar Trade in 17th-Century BrazilCartography in the Administration of Portuguese America from the 16th to 18th CenturiesColonial Elites: Planters and Land Nobility in 17th- and 18th-Century BrazilColor and Race in Portuguese America, 1640-1750Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654Ecclesiastical Geography of Colonial BrazilEconomy during the Colonial PeriodEmpire in the Tropics, 1808-1821: A Historiographical OverviewFrontier, Backlands, and Indigenous Presence in Colonial São PauloGender and Sexuality in Colonial BrazilIndigenous Peoples and the Portuguese Crown in the 17th and 18th CenturiesJustice and Society in Colonial Brazil during the 17th and 18th CenturiesLabor, Territory, and Economy in the Colonial NorthPalmares and Zumbi: Quilombo Resistance to Colonial SlaveryPopular Religion in Colonial BrazilRevolt of the Enteados and Tailors in Bahia, 1798Slavery and Its Economic Structures in Colonial BrazilSugar and the Formation of Colonial BrazilTraders in Colonial Brazil: Origins, Strategies, and NetworksWomen and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil Imperial Brazil, 1822-1889Abolition of the African Slave Trade in BrazilBalaiada War, 1838-1841Beyond Slavery: Abolition and Post-abolition BrazilBlack Intellectuals in 19th-Century Rio de Janeiro and São PauloCabanagem in Pará, 1835-1840Capoeira: From Slave Combat Game to Global Martial ArtCarnival: Toward a HistoryCoffee and the Formation of Modern Brazil, 1860-1914Cultural Institutions of the Brazilian EmpireEnslaved and Free Workers and the Growth of the Working Class in BrazilFree Afro-Brazilians in the 19th CenturyGender and Sexuality in Brazil since IndependenceHistoriography of Brazil in the 19th CenturyImmigration and the Historical Formation of BrazilIndependence: Change and ContinuityInsurgent Pernambuco: From the Cabanos War (1832-1835) to the Praieira Revolution of 1848National Identity in Brazil and the Paraguayan WarNative Brazilians under the Monarchy in BrazilParaguayan War and Brazil: Conflicts and InterestsPopular Revolts in the Empire of BrazilRio de Janeiro: A Sociocultural HistorySabinada RebellionSexuality and Black Magic in BrazilSlave RevoltsSlavery and International Relations in 19th-Century BrazilSlavery, Race, and the Construction of the Imperial OrderVisions of the Nation in Imperial Brazil: Arts and Celebrations Republic of Brazil, Dictatorship, and Military Government, 1889-1985Amazon DevelopmentArchitecture in 20th-Century BrazilArtistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1917-1967Artistic Vanguards in Brazil, 1952-1990Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s and 1970sBlack Associational Politics in 20th-Century BrazilBrasilia: Relocating Brazil's Capital InlandCangaço and Cangaceiros: Rural Banditry in the Brazilian NortheastCarmen Miranda: Race, Gender, and Camp CultureCinema and Moviegoing in BrazilContemporary Art in Brazil, 1960s and 1970s: Forging the <"New> "Economy in Brazil during the 20th CenturyEstado Novo: Politics and Political Propaganda in Brazil, 1937-1945Favelas and Politics in Brazil, 1890-1960Gilberto Freyre and the Politics of Culture, 1930-1980Health, Malaria Campaigns, and Development in BrazilHistoriography of Brazil in the 20th CenturyIndigenous Policy and Politics in 20th-Century BrazilIntellectuals and the Nation in Early-20th-Century BrazilInternational Politics and BrazilJapanese Immigration to BrazilLiterary and Cultural Magazines in Brazil in the First Half of the 20th CenturyLuís Carlos Prestes: A Revolutionary between Two WorldsMarxist Thought in BrazilMilitary Coup in Brazil, 1964Military Regime in Brazil, 1964-1985Myths and Identities in Brazilian Culture: Sérgio Buarque de Holanda and His Raízes do BrasilPentecostalism in BrazilPopular Music before 1945Populism in Brazil, 1930-1964Publishing Houses and the <"Discovery> " of Brazil, 1930-1950Race, Science, and Social Thought in 20th-Century BrazilRevolta da Chibata: Conscription, Corporal Punishment, and State Control of Free Afro-BraziliansSamba SchoolsSão Paulo's BiennalesUnited States and the 1964 Brazilian Military CoupVaccine Revolt of 1904, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilVargas Era and the Politics of Cultural Production, 1930-1945War of CanudosWorld War I and BrazilWorld War II and Brazil Modern Brazil, 1985-PresentAIDS Crisis and BrazilAlcohol and Drugs in BrazilCacao Growing in the State of Bahia: A Sociopolitical HistoryCardoso PresidencyCollor Presidency from the Electoral Campaign to the ImpeachmentConsumerism and Advertising in 20th-Century BrazilDrought and Public Policy in Northeast BrazilEnvironmental Change and Mobilization in BrazilFootball (Soccer) in BrazilLGBTQ History and Movements in BrazilLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva and the Brazilian Workers Party (PT)Popular Music since 1945 and the Growth of the Brazilian Culture IndustriesProtected Environmental Areas across BrazilRace and Social Inequality in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilRadical Right Ideologies and Movements in BrazilRegionalism in BrazilRural Social Movements in the Second Half of the 20th CenturyScience and Technology in 20th-Century BrazilSertão and Its RepresentationsTelenovelas and Modernity in BrazilUnderdevelopment in Brazil and Its InterpretationsUniversities and Politics in 20th- and 21st-Century BrazilWildlife in Brazil: History, Threats, and Opportunities Women's History and Movements in 20th- and 21st-Century Brazil