Christopher W. Gowans is Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, where he has served as Chair of the Philosophy Department. He works in moral philosophy, with interests in the implications of moral diversity and moral conflicts as well as ancient philosophical traditions in various cultures, especially Buddhism. He is the editor of Moral Dilemmas (Oxford University Press, 1987) and author of Innocence Lost: An Examination of Inescapable Moral Wrongdoing (Oxford University Press, 1994). In more recent years, he has written Philosophy of the Buddha (2003) and Buddhist Moral Philosophy: An Introduction (2014), both for Routledge.

Gowans is to be commended for his bold and intelligent monograph, which offers an important and learned attempt at realizing what comparative philosophy could look like, and what we could learn from it.

• Preface Abbreviations Chapter 1: What are Self-Cultivation Philosophies? Part One: India Chapter 2: The Bhagavad Gita Chapter 3. Samkhya and Yoga Chapter 4: Indian Buddhism Part Two: Greece and Rome Chapter 5: Epicureanism Chapter 6: Stoicism Chapter 7: Pyrrho and Pyrrhonism Part Three: China Chapter 8: Classical Confucianism Chapter 9: Classical Daoism Chapter 10: Chan Buddhism

Christopher W. Gowans is Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, where he has served as Chair of the Philosophy Department. He works in moral philosophy, with interests in the implications of moral diversity and moral conflicts as well as ancient philosophical traditions in various cultures, especially Buddhism. He is the editor of Moral Dilemmas (Oxford University Press, 1987) and author of Innocence Lost: An Examination of Inescapable Moral Wrongdoing (Oxford University Press, 1994). In more recent years, he has written Philosophy of the Buddha (2003) and Buddhist Moral Philosophy: An Introduction (2014), both for Routledge.

Gowans is to be commended for his bold and intelligent monograph, which offers an important and learned attempt at realizing what comparative philosophy could look like, and what we could learn from it.

• Preface Abbreviations Chapter 1: What are Self-Cultivation Philosophies? Part One: India Chapter 2: The Bhagavad Gita Chapter 3. Samkhya and Yoga Chapter 4: Indian Buddhism Part Two: Greece and Rome Chapter 5: Epicureanism Chapter 6: Stoicism Chapter 7: Pyrrho and Pyrrhonism Part Three: China Chapter 8: Classical Confucianism Chapter 9: Classical Daoism Chapter 10: Chan Buddhism

Christopher W. Gowans is Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, where he has served as Chair of the Philosophy Department. He works in moral philosophy, with interests in the implications of moral diversity and moral conflicts as well as ancient philosophical traditions in various cultures, especially Buddhism. He is the editor of Moral Dilemmas (Oxford University Press, 1987) and author of Innocence Lost: An Examination of Inescapable Moral Wrongdoing (Oxford University Press, 1994). In more recent years, he has written Philosophy of the Buddha (2003) and Buddhist Moral Philosophy: An Introduction (2014), both for Routledge.

Gowans is to be commended for his bold and intelligent monograph, which offers an important and learned attempt at realizing what comparative philosophy could look like, and what we could learn from it.

• Preface Abbreviations Chapter 1: What are Self-Cultivation Philosophies? Part One: India Chapter 2: The Bhagavad Gita Chapter 3. Samkhya and Yoga Chapter 4: Indian Buddhism Part Two: Greece and Rome Chapter 5: Epicureanism Chapter 6: Stoicism Chapter 7: Pyrrho and Pyrrhonism Part Three: China Chapter 8: Classical Confucianism Chapter 9: Classical Daoism Chapter 10: Chan Buddhism