William A. Schabas is professor of international law at Middlesex University London. He is also emeritus professor at the National University of Ireland Galway and Leiden University. As a UN human rights expert, he chaired the Commission of Inquiry on the Gaza conflict and authored the Secretary-General's quinquennial report on capital punishment. He served as a commissioner on the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission. He has acted as counsel at the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights and the International Court of Justice. He is an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Member of the Royal Irish Academy.

• Introduction 1: The belated emergence of the customary international law of human rights 2: Identifying the norms of the customary international law of human rights 3: Methodological considerations 4: The right to dignity 5: Equality 6: Fundamental freedoms 7: Political rights 8: Justice 9: Economic, social, and cultural rights 10: Solidarity Conclusion: The future of the customary law of human rights

William A. Schabas is professor of international law at Middlesex University London. He is also emeritus professor at the National University of Ireland Galway and Leiden University. As a UN human rights expert, he chaired the Commission of Inquiry on the Gaza conflict and authored the Secretary-General's quinquennial report on capital punishment. He served as a commissioner on the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission. He has acted as counsel at the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights and the International Court of Justice. He is an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Member of the Royal Irish Academy.

• Introduction 1: The belated emergence of the customary international law of human rights 2: Identifying the norms of the customary international law of human rights 3: Methodological considerations 4: The right to dignity 5: Equality 6: Fundamental freedoms 7: Political rights 8: Justice 9: Economic, social, and cultural rights 10: Solidarity Conclusion: The future of the customary law of human rights

William A. Schabas is professor of international law at Middlesex University London. He is also emeritus professor at the National University of Ireland Galway and Leiden University. As a UN human rights expert, he chaired the Commission of Inquiry on the Gaza conflict and authored the Secretary-General's quinquennial report on capital punishment. He served as a commissioner on the Sierra Leone Truth and Reconciliation Commission. He has acted as counsel at the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights and the International Court of Justice. He is an Officer of the Order of Canada and a Member of the Royal Irish Academy.

• Introduction 1: The belated emergence of the customary international law of human rights 2: Identifying the norms of the customary international law of human rights 3: Methodological considerations 4: The right to dignity 5: Equality 6: Fundamental freedoms 7: Political rights 8: Justice 9: Economic, social, and cultural rights 10: Solidarity Conclusion: The future of the customary law of human rights