H. Zeynep Bulutgil is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at University College London. She is also the author of The Roots of Ethnic Cleansing in Europe (2016).

Why do secularizing groups emerge? And when do these advocates of secular institutions and religious tolerance succeed? In this innovative and compelling analysis, Zeynep Bulutgil points to print technology, the diffusion of secularist ideas, and their grafting onto political party organizations as critical to the emergence of secularized institutions. This is a must read for scholars of religion and politics, state formation, and political parties." -Anna Grzymala-Busse, Michelle and Kevin Douglas Professor of International Studies, Stanford University

• List of Tables List of Figures Introduction Chapter 1: Theory Chapter 2: Cross-National Analysis Chapter 3: Comparative Historical Analysis I: France and Spain Chapter 4: Comparative Historical Analysis II: Turkey and Morocco Chapter 5: Analysing the Conceptual Border: United Kingdom and Tunisia Conclusion AppendicesAppendix 2.1: List of Secular Countries 1800-2000 Appendix 2.2: Sources used to code Institutional SecularizationAppendix 2.3: Additional Robustness ChecksBibliography

H. Zeynep Bulutgil is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at University College London. She is also the author of The Roots of Ethnic Cleansing in Europe (2016).

Why do secularizing groups emerge? And when do these advocates of secular institutions and religious tolerance succeed? In this innovative and compelling analysis, Zeynep Bulutgil points to print technology, the diffusion of secularist ideas, and their grafting onto political party organizations as critical to the emergence of secularized institutions. This is a must read for scholars of religion and politics, state formation, and political parties." -Anna Grzymala-Busse, Michelle and Kevin Douglas Professor of International Studies, Stanford University

• List of Tables List of Figures Introduction Chapter 1: Theory Chapter 2: Cross-National Analysis Chapter 3: Comparative Historical Analysis I: France and Spain Chapter 4: Comparative Historical Analysis II: Turkey and Morocco Chapter 5: Analysing the Conceptual Border: United Kingdom and Tunisia Conclusion AppendicesAppendix 2.1: List of Secular Countries 1800-2000 Appendix 2.2: Sources used to code Institutional SecularizationAppendix 2.3: Additional Robustness ChecksBibliography

H. Zeynep Bulutgil is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at University College London. She is also the author of The Roots of Ethnic Cleansing in Europe (2016).

Why do secularizing groups emerge? And when do these advocates of secular institutions and religious tolerance succeed? In this innovative and compelling analysis, Zeynep Bulutgil points to print technology, the diffusion of secularist ideas, and their grafting onto political party organizations as critical to the emergence of secularized institutions. This is a must read for scholars of religion and politics, state formation, and political parties." -Anna Grzymala-Busse, Michelle and Kevin Douglas Professor of International Studies, Stanford University

• List of Tables List of Figures Introduction Chapter 1: Theory Chapter 2: Cross-National Analysis Chapter 3: Comparative Historical Analysis I: France and Spain Chapter 4: Comparative Historical Analysis II: Turkey and Morocco Chapter 5: Analysing the Conceptual Border: United Kingdom and Tunisia Conclusion AppendicesAppendix 2.1: List of Secular Countries 1800-2000 Appendix 2.2: Sources used to code Institutional SecularizationAppendix 2.3: Additional Robustness ChecksBibliography