Originally from Cephalonia, a stone's throw from modern day Ithaca, George Alexander Gazis was raised in Athens and studied for his BA in Classics and Ancient History and his MA in Homeric Studies at the National University. After his National Service he was awarded the State Scholarship and moved to the UK, where he completed his PhD in Archaic Greek Epic at Durham University in 2015. He has since remained at Durham, first as a Teaching Fellow and currently as a Lecturer in Greek Literature.

[The book] is an extremely rich and gripping study with a profound grasp of scholarship, and offering many important insights into narrative techniques and possible interpretations, which those interested in these topics, as well as the representation of the Homeric Underworld and its function in the narrative, cannot cast into oblivion.

• 0: Introduction 0.1: Homeric enargeia 0.2: Hades as a poetic resource Part 1: The Iliad 1: Hades in the Iliad 1.1: Introduction 1.2: Hades as a destination: the beginning of the Iliad and the end of the heroes 1.3: Hades and kleos 1.4: Hades the unknown, Hades the invisible 1.5: The Underworld realm 1.6: Conclusions 2: The Dream of Achilles 2.1: Dreaming of the dead 2.2: Speaking to the dead among the living 2.3: Raising the dead: nekyomanteia in the Iliad 2.4: Waiting for darkness 2.5: The dream scene 2.6: Memories of the dead 2.7: Conclusions Part 2: The Odyssey 3: The Odyssey and the 'Poetics of Hades' 3.1: Introduction 3.2: The limits of Olympian influence 3.3: Darkness and seclusion: Hades' place in the Odyssey 3.4: Odysseus as mediator, Odysseus as storyteller 4: The 'Nekyia' 4.1: Before the journey: departure from Circe's island 4.2: Beginning of the journey: the outskirts of Hades 4.3: At close quarters with the dead: Elpenor 4.4: At the crossroads of past and future: the meetings with Teiresias and Antikleia 4.4.1: Teiresias' prophecy: unrestrained truth 4.4.2: The meeting with Antikleia 4.4.3: Hearing from the dead about the living 5: The 'Catalogue of Heroines': Narrative Unbound 5.1: Introduction 5.2: The meeting with Tyro 5.3: Women with a voice: the other heroines 5.3.1: Female perspectives on the heroic past 5.3.2: The perspective of the mother: to forget or to remember 5.4: Conclusions 6: The 'Intermezzo' 6.1: Introduction 6.2: Breaking the spell 7: The 'Catalogue of Heroes' 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Remembering Troy - the meeting with Agamemnon 7.2.1: The death of Agamemnon: a view from below 7.2.2: The death of Agamemnon: a heroic perspective 7.2.3: From hero to 'powerless head': the end of the meeting 7.2.4: Conclusions 7.3: After heroism: the meeting with Achilles 7.3.1: Introduction 7.3.2: Survival versus kleos: the Odyssey meets the Iliad 7.3.3: Conclusions 7.4: The meeting with Ajax 7.4.1: When the dead remain silent 7.4.2: The story of the judgement: an Odyssean perspective 7.4.3: Odysseus' non-apology 7.4.4: Return to darkness: Ajax's perspective 7.4.5: Conclusions 7.5: Epilogue 8: Conclusions Endmatter Bibliography Index

Originally from Cephalonia, a stone's throw from modern day Ithaca, George Alexander Gazis was raised in Athens and studied for his BA in Classics and Ancient History and his MA in Homeric Studies at the National University. After his National Service he was awarded the State Scholarship and moved to the UK, where he completed his PhD in Archaic Greek Epic at Durham University in 2015. He has since remained at Durham, first as a Teaching Fellow and currently as a Lecturer in Greek Literature.

[The book] is an extremely rich and gripping study with a profound grasp of scholarship, and offering many important insights into narrative techniques and possible interpretations, which those interested in these topics, as well as the representation of the Homeric Underworld and its function in the narrative, cannot cast into oblivion.

• 0: Introduction 0.1: Homeric enargeia 0.2: Hades as a poetic resource Part 1: The Iliad 1: Hades in the Iliad 1.1: Introduction 1.2: Hades as a destination: the beginning of the Iliad and the end of the heroes 1.3: Hades and kleos 1.4: Hades the unknown, Hades the invisible 1.5: The Underworld realm 1.6: Conclusions 2: The Dream of Achilles 2.1: Dreaming of the dead 2.2: Speaking to the dead among the living 2.3: Raising the dead: nekyomanteia in the Iliad 2.4: Waiting for darkness 2.5: The dream scene 2.6: Memories of the dead 2.7: Conclusions Part 2: The Odyssey 3: The Odyssey and the 'Poetics of Hades' 3.1: Introduction 3.2: The limits of Olympian influence 3.3: Darkness and seclusion: Hades' place in the Odyssey 3.4: Odysseus as mediator, Odysseus as storyteller 4: The 'Nekyia' 4.1: Before the journey: departure from Circe's island 4.2: Beginning of the journey: the outskirts of Hades 4.3: At close quarters with the dead: Elpenor 4.4: At the crossroads of past and future: the meetings with Teiresias and Antikleia 4.4.1: Teiresias' prophecy: unrestrained truth 4.4.2: The meeting with Antikleia 4.4.3: Hearing from the dead about the living 5: The 'Catalogue of Heroines': Narrative Unbound 5.1: Introduction 5.2: The meeting with Tyro 5.3: Women with a voice: the other heroines 5.3.1: Female perspectives on the heroic past 5.3.2: The perspective of the mother: to forget or to remember 5.4: Conclusions 6: The 'Intermezzo' 6.1: Introduction 6.2: Breaking the spell 7: The 'Catalogue of Heroes' 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Remembering Troy - the meeting with Agamemnon 7.2.1: The death of Agamemnon: a view from below 7.2.2: The death of Agamemnon: a heroic perspective 7.2.3: From hero to 'powerless head': the end of the meeting 7.2.4: Conclusions 7.3: After heroism: the meeting with Achilles 7.3.1: Introduction 7.3.2: Survival versus kleos: the Odyssey meets the Iliad 7.3.3: Conclusions 7.4: The meeting with Ajax 7.4.1: When the dead remain silent 7.4.2: The story of the judgement: an Odyssean perspective 7.4.3: Odysseus' non-apology 7.4.4: Return to darkness: Ajax's perspective 7.4.5: Conclusions 7.5: Epilogue 8: Conclusions Endmatter Bibliography Index

Originally from Cephalonia, a stone's throw from modern day Ithaca, George Alexander Gazis was raised in Athens and studied for his BA in Classics and Ancient History and his MA in Homeric Studies at the National University. After his National Service he was awarded the State Scholarship and moved to the UK, where he completed his PhD in Archaic Greek Epic at Durham University in 2015. He has since remained at Durham, first as a Teaching Fellow and currently as a Lecturer in Greek Literature.

[The book] is an extremely rich and gripping study with a profound grasp of scholarship, and offering many important insights into narrative techniques and possible interpretations, which those interested in these topics, as well as the representation of the Homeric Underworld and its function in the narrative, cannot cast into oblivion.

• 0: Introduction 0.1: Homeric enargeia 0.2: Hades as a poetic resource Part 1: The Iliad 1: Hades in the Iliad 1.1: Introduction 1.2: Hades as a destination: the beginning of the Iliad and the end of the heroes 1.3: Hades and kleos 1.4: Hades the unknown, Hades the invisible 1.5: The Underworld realm 1.6: Conclusions 2: The Dream of Achilles 2.1: Dreaming of the dead 2.2: Speaking to the dead among the living 2.3: Raising the dead: nekyomanteia in the Iliad 2.4: Waiting for darkness 2.5: The dream scene 2.6: Memories of the dead 2.7: Conclusions Part 2: The Odyssey 3: The Odyssey and the 'Poetics of Hades' 3.1: Introduction 3.2: The limits of Olympian influence 3.3: Darkness and seclusion: Hades' place in the Odyssey 3.4: Odysseus as mediator, Odysseus as storyteller 4: The 'Nekyia' 4.1: Before the journey: departure from Circe's island 4.2: Beginning of the journey: the outskirts of Hades 4.3: At close quarters with the dead: Elpenor 4.4: At the crossroads of past and future: the meetings with Teiresias and Antikleia 4.4.1: Teiresias' prophecy: unrestrained truth 4.4.2: The meeting with Antikleia 4.4.3: Hearing from the dead about the living 5: The 'Catalogue of Heroines': Narrative Unbound 5.1: Introduction 5.2: The meeting with Tyro 5.3: Women with a voice: the other heroines 5.3.1: Female perspectives on the heroic past 5.3.2: The perspective of the mother: to forget or to remember 5.4: Conclusions 6: The 'Intermezzo' 6.1: Introduction 6.2: Breaking the spell 7: The 'Catalogue of Heroes' 7.1: Introduction 7.2: Remembering Troy - the meeting with Agamemnon 7.2.1: The death of Agamemnon: a view from below 7.2.2: The death of Agamemnon: a heroic perspective 7.2.3: From hero to 'powerless head': the end of the meeting 7.2.4: Conclusions 7.3: After heroism: the meeting with Achilles 7.3.1: Introduction 7.3.2: Survival versus kleos: the Odyssey meets the Iliad 7.3.3: Conclusions 7.4: The meeting with Ajax 7.4.1: When the dead remain silent 7.4.2: The story of the judgement: an Odyssean perspective 7.4.3: Odysseus' non-apology 7.4.4: Return to darkness: Ajax's perspective 7.4.5: Conclusions 7.5: Epilogue 8: Conclusions Endmatter Bibliography Index