Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of Political Science at The CUNY Graduate Center and Director Emeritus of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies. He was the 2016 Andrew Carnegie Fellow and past president of the International Studies Association and recipient of its '2016 Distinguished IO Scholar Award', chair of the Academic Council on the UN System, editor of Global Governance, and Research Director of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, he has authored or edited some 55 books and written 250 articles and book chapters about international peace and security, humanitarian action, and sustainable development. Sam Daws is Director of the Project on UN Governance and Reform, in the Centre for International Studies, DPIR, at the University of Oxford, and directs the international political consultancy, 3D Strategy. He has spent thirty years in UN-related roles, including as Deputy Director (United Nations, Prime Minister's Post-2015 Development Team) in the UK Cabinet Office; Senior Principal Research Analyst, Multilateral Policy Directorate, FCO; First Officer in the Executive Office of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan; Executive Director, UNA-UK; Senior Advisor and UK Representative, UN Foundation; and as Visiting Fellow, International Law at Cambridge University. He has co-authored or edited fourteen books on the United Nations.

This Handbook will contribute to a better understanding of the United Nations, and serve the collective mission of those committed to ensuring that the peoples of the world are able to live, as is their birthright, in the larger freedom which the UN Charter promises to all.

• Foreword UN Secretary-General António Guterres: Part I: Introduction and Origins 1: Thomas G. Weiss and Sam Daws: The United Nations: Continuity and Change 2: Justin Morris: Origins of the United Nations Part II: Theoretical Frameworks 3: Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore: Political Approaches 4: José E. Alvarez: Legal Perspectives 5: Leon Gordenker and Christer Jönsson: Evolution in Knowledge and Norms Part III: Principal Organs 6: M. J. Peterson: General Assembly 7: Sebastian von Einsiedel and David Malone: Security Council 8: Gert Rosenthal: Economic and Social Council 9: Ralph Wilde: Trusteeship Council 10: Charlotte Ku: International Court of Justice 11: James O. C. Jonah and Amy Scott Hill: Secretariat: Independence and Reform 12: Edward Newman: Secretary-General 13: Jeffrey Laurenti: Financing Part IV: Relationships with Other Actors 14: Ngaire Woods: Bretton Woods Institutions 15: Rorden Wilkinson: World Trade Organization 16: Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu: Regional Organizations 17: Monica Herz: Formal and Informal Groups 18: Mike Schroeder and Paul Wapner: Nongovernmental Organizations 19: Craig N. Murphy: Private Sector 20: Barbara Crossette: Media Part V: International Peace and Security 21: Keith Krause: Arms Control and Disarmament 22: Rama Mani and Richard Ponzio: Peaceful Settlement of Disputes and Conflict Prevention 23: Richard Gowan: Peace Operations 24: George A. Lopez: Sanctions 25: Ramesh Thakur: Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect 26: Roland Paris: Peacebuilding 27: Jane Boulden: Terrorism 28: Peter Romaniuk: Crime and Criminal Justice 29: Lucas Kello: Cyber Threats Part VI: Human Rights 30: Natalie Samarasinghe: Human Rights: Norms and Machinery 31: Richard Goldstone: International Criminal Court and Ad Hoc Tribunals 32: Jeff Crisp: Humanitarian Action and Coordination 33: Charlotte Bunch: Women's Rights and Gender Integration 34: Maivân Clech Lâm: Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 35: Christopher K. Penny: Human Security Part VII: Development 36: Jacques Fomerand and Dennis Dijkzeul: UN Development System 37: Gian Luca Burci: Health and Infectious Disease 38: Nico Schrijver: Global Resource Management 39: Maria Ivanova: Climate Change 40: W. Andy Knight: Democracy and Good Governance 41: Richard Jolly: Human Development 42: Sakiko Fukuda-Parr: Sustainable Development Goals Part VIII: Looking to the Future 43: Amitav Acharya: Multilateralism and the Changing World Order 44: Edward C. Luck: Prospects for UN Renovation and Reform 45: Michèle Griffin: The UN's Role in a Changing Global Landscape Appendices Suggested Further Reading The UN System at a Glance The Charter of the United Nations Statute of the International Court of Justice Universal Declaration of Human Rights Subject Index Personal Name Index

Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of Political Science at The CUNY Graduate Center and Director Emeritus of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies. He was the 2016 Andrew Carnegie Fellow and past president of the International Studies Association and recipient of its '2016 Distinguished IO Scholar Award', chair of the Academic Council on the UN System, editor of Global Governance, and Research Director of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, he has authored or edited some 55 books and written 250 articles and book chapters about international peace and security, humanitarian action, and sustainable development. Sam Daws is Director of the Project on UN Governance and Reform, in the Centre for International Studies, DPIR, at the University of Oxford, and directs the international political consultancy, 3D Strategy. He has spent thirty years in UN-related roles, including as Deputy Director (United Nations, Prime Minister's Post-2015 Development Team) in the UK Cabinet Office; Senior Principal Research Analyst, Multilateral Policy Directorate, FCO; First Officer in the Executive Office of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan; Executive Director, UNA-UK; Senior Advisor and UK Representative, UN Foundation; and as Visiting Fellow, International Law at Cambridge University. He has co-authored or edited fourteen books on the United Nations.

This Handbook will contribute to a better understanding of the United Nations, and serve the collective mission of those committed to ensuring that the peoples of the world are able to live, as is their birthright, in the larger freedom which the UN Charter promises to all.

• Foreword UN Secretary-General António Guterres: Part I: Introduction and Origins 1: Thomas G. Weiss and Sam Daws: The United Nations: Continuity and Change 2: Justin Morris: Origins of the United Nations Part II: Theoretical Frameworks 3: Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore: Political Approaches 4: José E. Alvarez: Legal Perspectives 5: Leon Gordenker and Christer Jönsson: Evolution in Knowledge and Norms Part III: Principal Organs 6: M. J. Peterson: General Assembly 7: Sebastian von Einsiedel and David Malone: Security Council 8: Gert Rosenthal: Economic and Social Council 9: Ralph Wilde: Trusteeship Council 10: Charlotte Ku: International Court of Justice 11: James O. C. Jonah and Amy Scott Hill: Secretariat: Independence and Reform 12: Edward Newman: Secretary-General 13: Jeffrey Laurenti: Financing Part IV: Relationships with Other Actors 14: Ngaire Woods: Bretton Woods Institutions 15: Rorden Wilkinson: World Trade Organization 16: Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu: Regional Organizations 17: Monica Herz: Formal and Informal Groups 18: Mike Schroeder and Paul Wapner: Nongovernmental Organizations 19: Craig N. Murphy: Private Sector 20: Barbara Crossette: Media Part V: International Peace and Security 21: Keith Krause: Arms Control and Disarmament 22: Rama Mani and Richard Ponzio: Peaceful Settlement of Disputes and Conflict Prevention 23: Richard Gowan: Peace Operations 24: George A. Lopez: Sanctions 25: Ramesh Thakur: Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect 26: Roland Paris: Peacebuilding 27: Jane Boulden: Terrorism 28: Peter Romaniuk: Crime and Criminal Justice 29: Lucas Kello: Cyber Threats Part VI: Human Rights 30: Natalie Samarasinghe: Human Rights: Norms and Machinery 31: Richard Goldstone: International Criminal Court and Ad Hoc Tribunals 32: Jeff Crisp: Humanitarian Action and Coordination 33: Charlotte Bunch: Women's Rights and Gender Integration 34: Maivân Clech Lâm: Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 35: Christopher K. Penny: Human Security Part VII: Development 36: Jacques Fomerand and Dennis Dijkzeul: UN Development System 37: Gian Luca Burci: Health and Infectious Disease 38: Nico Schrijver: Global Resource Management 39: Maria Ivanova: Climate Change 40: W. Andy Knight: Democracy and Good Governance 41: Richard Jolly: Human Development 42: Sakiko Fukuda-Parr: Sustainable Development Goals Part VIII: Looking to the Future 43: Amitav Acharya: Multilateralism and the Changing World Order 44: Edward C. Luck: Prospects for UN Renovation and Reform 45: Michèle Griffin: The UN's Role in a Changing Global Landscape Appendices Suggested Further Reading The UN System at a Glance The Charter of the United Nations Statute of the International Court of Justice Universal Declaration of Human Rights Subject Index Personal Name Index

Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of Political Science at The CUNY Graduate Center and Director Emeritus of the Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies. He was the 2016 Andrew Carnegie Fellow and past president of the International Studies Association and recipient of its '2016 Distinguished IO Scholar Award', chair of the Academic Council on the UN System, editor of Global Governance, and Research Director of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, he has authored or edited some 55 books and written 250 articles and book chapters about international peace and security, humanitarian action, and sustainable development. Sam Daws is Director of the Project on UN Governance and Reform, in the Centre for International Studies, DPIR, at the University of Oxford, and directs the international political consultancy, 3D Strategy. He has spent thirty years in UN-related roles, including as Deputy Director (United Nations, Prime Minister's Post-2015 Development Team) in the UK Cabinet Office; Senior Principal Research Analyst, Multilateral Policy Directorate, FCO; First Officer in the Executive Office of UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan; Executive Director, UNA-UK; Senior Advisor and UK Representative, UN Foundation; and as Visiting Fellow, International Law at Cambridge University. He has co-authored or edited fourteen books on the United Nations.

This Handbook will contribute to a better understanding of the United Nations, and serve the collective mission of those committed to ensuring that the peoples of the world are able to live, as is their birthright, in the larger freedom which the UN Charter promises to all.

• Foreword UN Secretary-General António Guterres: Part I: Introduction and Origins 1: Thomas G. Weiss and Sam Daws: The United Nations: Continuity and Change 2: Justin Morris: Origins of the United Nations Part II: Theoretical Frameworks 3: Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore: Political Approaches 4: José E. Alvarez: Legal Perspectives 5: Leon Gordenker and Christer Jönsson: Evolution in Knowledge and Norms Part III: Principal Organs 6: M. J. Peterson: General Assembly 7: Sebastian von Einsiedel and David Malone: Security Council 8: Gert Rosenthal: Economic and Social Council 9: Ralph Wilde: Trusteeship Council 10: Charlotte Ku: International Court of Justice 11: James O. C. Jonah and Amy Scott Hill: Secretariat: Independence and Reform 12: Edward Newman: Secretary-General 13: Jeffrey Laurenti: Financing Part IV: Relationships with Other Actors 14: Ngaire Woods: Bretton Woods Institutions 15: Rorden Wilkinson: World Trade Organization 16: Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu: Regional Organizations 17: Monica Herz: Formal and Informal Groups 18: Mike Schroeder and Paul Wapner: Nongovernmental Organizations 19: Craig N. Murphy: Private Sector 20: Barbara Crossette: Media Part V: International Peace and Security 21: Keith Krause: Arms Control and Disarmament 22: Rama Mani and Richard Ponzio: Peaceful Settlement of Disputes and Conflict Prevention 23: Richard Gowan: Peace Operations 24: George A. Lopez: Sanctions 25: Ramesh Thakur: Humanitarian Intervention and the Responsibility to Protect 26: Roland Paris: Peacebuilding 27: Jane Boulden: Terrorism 28: Peter Romaniuk: Crime and Criminal Justice 29: Lucas Kello: Cyber Threats Part VI: Human Rights 30: Natalie Samarasinghe: Human Rights: Norms and Machinery 31: Richard Goldstone: International Criminal Court and Ad Hoc Tribunals 32: Jeff Crisp: Humanitarian Action and Coordination 33: Charlotte Bunch: Women's Rights and Gender Integration 34: Maivân Clech Lâm: Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 35: Christopher K. Penny: Human Security Part VII: Development 36: Jacques Fomerand and Dennis Dijkzeul: UN Development System 37: Gian Luca Burci: Health and Infectious Disease 38: Nico Schrijver: Global Resource Management 39: Maria Ivanova: Climate Change 40: W. Andy Knight: Democracy and Good Governance 41: Richard Jolly: Human Development 42: Sakiko Fukuda-Parr: Sustainable Development Goals Part VIII: Looking to the Future 43: Amitav Acharya: Multilateralism and the Changing World Order 44: Edward C. Luck: Prospects for UN Renovation and Reform 45: Michèle Griffin: The UN's Role in a Changing Global Landscape Appendices Suggested Further Reading The UN System at a Glance The Charter of the United Nations Statute of the International Court of Justice Universal Declaration of Human Rights Subject Index Personal Name Index