Henry Chadwick is Emeritus Regius Professor of Divinity, University of Cambridge.

Review from previous edition Henry Chadwick is without a doubt the most learned ecclesiastical scholar still, mercifully alive ... Chadwick refuses the offer of easy neat solutions to the problem of the rift ... Instead he insists on exploring with a wealth of illustrative detail the account of the gradual widening of the gulf between East and West ... marvellous breadth and fair mindedness ... without the rift we should not have this learned and elegant envoi.

• 1. Introduction ; 2. Early Christian Diversity: The Quest for Coherence ; 3. The Roots of Diversity: Differences in Theology ; 4. Differences in Theology ; 5. Emperor Theodosius: Council of Constantinople (381) ; 6. Augustine: Filioque ; 7. Constantinople's Growing Power: Socrates the Historian ; 8. The Unity of Christ: Devotion to Mary ; 9. Zeno's Henotikon, Rome's Fury, and the Acacian Schism: Dionysus Exiguus ; 10. Three Chapters: The Fifth Council (553) ; 11. One Energy, One Will ; 12. The Sixth (680-1), Council in Trullo (692) ; 13. Icons ; 14. The Papacy and the Franks ; 15. Aachen as Third Rome: Caroline Books; Filioque; Eriugena ; 16. Pope Nicolas I ; 17. Hincmar of Reims ; 18. Jurisdiction: Illyricum, Bulgars. Paulicans ; 19. Pope Nicolas' Advice to the Bulgar Khan. Rome's Saturday Fast ; 20. Problems at Constantinople: Patriarch Ignatius ; 21. Photius ; 22. Pope Nicolas I Supports Ignatius ; 23. Ignatius' Retrial: Nicolas Excommunicates Photius ; 24. Deterioration in Relations ; 25. The Case Against the Latins: Photius Mystagogia ; 26. Photius' Break with Nicolas: Nicolas Invokes Hincmar's Help: Basil the Macedonian: Photius Desposed ; 27. Basil I: Ignatius Restored. The Synod of 869: Pope Hadrian II ; 28. Photius Restored. Pope John VIII. The Council of 879 ; 29. The Emperor Leo VI the Wise: Photius Deposed ; 30. Greek Critics of Photius: Photius Honours Ignatius' Memory ; 31. Liudprand of Cremona in Constantinople ; 32. The Normans in the South: Cardinal Humbert: Council of Rome (1059): Unleavened Bread ; 33. Pope Leo IX's Legation to Constantinople (1054); Humbert and Cerularius ; 34. Peter Damian: Gregory VII; Theophylact of Ochrid ; 35. Pope Urban II: Anselm of Canterbury at Bari ; 36. Anselm of Havelberg ; 37. Crusades: Fall of Constantinople (1204-5): Innocent III: Balsamon ; 38. East-West Debates at Nicaea and Nymphaion ; 39. Purgatory ; 40. Michael Palaeologus' Renewed Quest for Unity: Pope Gregory X: Council of Lyon: Bekkos ; 41. Councils of Basel and Ferrara / Florence: Pope Eugenius IV ; Epilogue

Henry Chadwick is Emeritus Regius Professor of Divinity, University of Cambridge.

Review from previous edition Henry Chadwick is without a doubt the most learned ecclesiastical scholar still, mercifully alive ... Chadwick refuses the offer of easy neat solutions to the problem of the rift ... Instead he insists on exploring with a wealth of illustrative detail the account of the gradual widening of the gulf between East and West ... marvellous breadth and fair mindedness ... without the rift we should not have this learned and elegant envoi.

• 1. Introduction ; 2. Early Christian Diversity: The Quest for Coherence ; 3. The Roots of Diversity: Differences in Theology ; 4. Differences in Theology ; 5. Emperor Theodosius: Council of Constantinople (381) ; 6. Augustine: Filioque ; 7. Constantinople's Growing Power: Socrates the Historian ; 8. The Unity of Christ: Devotion to Mary ; 9. Zeno's Henotikon, Rome's Fury, and the Acacian Schism: Dionysus Exiguus ; 10. Three Chapters: The Fifth Council (553) ; 11. One Energy, One Will ; 12. The Sixth (680-1), Council in Trullo (692) ; 13. Icons ; 14. The Papacy and the Franks ; 15. Aachen as Third Rome: Caroline Books; Filioque; Eriugena ; 16. Pope Nicolas I ; 17. Hincmar of Reims ; 18. Jurisdiction: Illyricum, Bulgars. Paulicans ; 19. Pope Nicolas' Advice to the Bulgar Khan. Rome's Saturday Fast ; 20. Problems at Constantinople: Patriarch Ignatius ; 21. Photius ; 22. Pope Nicolas I Supports Ignatius ; 23. Ignatius' Retrial: Nicolas Excommunicates Photius ; 24. Deterioration in Relations ; 25. The Case Against the Latins: Photius Mystagogia ; 26. Photius' Break with Nicolas: Nicolas Invokes Hincmar's Help: Basil the Macedonian: Photius Desposed ; 27. Basil I: Ignatius Restored. The Synod of 869: Pope Hadrian II ; 28. Photius Restored. Pope John VIII. The Council of 879 ; 29. The Emperor Leo VI the Wise: Photius Deposed ; 30. Greek Critics of Photius: Photius Honours Ignatius' Memory ; 31. Liudprand of Cremona in Constantinople ; 32. The Normans in the South: Cardinal Humbert: Council of Rome (1059): Unleavened Bread ; 33. Pope Leo IX's Legation to Constantinople (1054); Humbert and Cerularius ; 34. Peter Damian: Gregory VII; Theophylact of Ochrid ; 35. Pope Urban II: Anselm of Canterbury at Bari ; 36. Anselm of Havelberg ; 37. Crusades: Fall of Constantinople (1204-5): Innocent III: Balsamon ; 38. East-West Debates at Nicaea and Nymphaion ; 39. Purgatory ; 40. Michael Palaeologus' Renewed Quest for Unity: Pope Gregory X: Council of Lyon: Bekkos ; 41. Councils of Basel and Ferrara / Florence: Pope Eugenius IV ; Epilogue

Henry Chadwick is Emeritus Regius Professor of Divinity, University of Cambridge.

Review from previous edition Henry Chadwick is without a doubt the most learned ecclesiastical scholar still, mercifully alive ... Chadwick refuses the offer of easy neat solutions to the problem of the rift ... Instead he insists on exploring with a wealth of illustrative detail the account of the gradual widening of the gulf between East and West ... marvellous breadth and fair mindedness ... without the rift we should not have this learned and elegant envoi.

• 1. Introduction ; 2. Early Christian Diversity: The Quest for Coherence ; 3. The Roots of Diversity: Differences in Theology ; 4. Differences in Theology ; 5. Emperor Theodosius: Council of Constantinople (381) ; 6. Augustine: Filioque ; 7. Constantinople's Growing Power: Socrates the Historian ; 8. The Unity of Christ: Devotion to Mary ; 9. Zeno's Henotikon, Rome's Fury, and the Acacian Schism: Dionysus Exiguus ; 10. Three Chapters: The Fifth Council (553) ; 11. One Energy, One Will ; 12. The Sixth (680-1), Council in Trullo (692) ; 13. Icons ; 14. The Papacy and the Franks ; 15. Aachen as Third Rome: Caroline Books; Filioque; Eriugena ; 16. Pope Nicolas I ; 17. Hincmar of Reims ; 18. Jurisdiction: Illyricum, Bulgars. Paulicans ; 19. Pope Nicolas' Advice to the Bulgar Khan. Rome's Saturday Fast ; 20. Problems at Constantinople: Patriarch Ignatius ; 21. Photius ; 22. Pope Nicolas I Supports Ignatius ; 23. Ignatius' Retrial: Nicolas Excommunicates Photius ; 24. Deterioration in Relations ; 25. The Case Against the Latins: Photius Mystagogia ; 26. Photius' Break with Nicolas: Nicolas Invokes Hincmar's Help: Basil the Macedonian: Photius Desposed ; 27. Basil I: Ignatius Restored. The Synod of 869: Pope Hadrian II ; 28. Photius Restored. Pope John VIII. The Council of 879 ; 29. The Emperor Leo VI the Wise: Photius Deposed ; 30. Greek Critics of Photius: Photius Honours Ignatius' Memory ; 31. Liudprand of Cremona in Constantinople ; 32. The Normans in the South: Cardinal Humbert: Council of Rome (1059): Unleavened Bread ; 33. Pope Leo IX's Legation to Constantinople (1054); Humbert and Cerularius ; 34. Peter Damian: Gregory VII; Theophylact of Ochrid ; 35. Pope Urban II: Anselm of Canterbury at Bari ; 36. Anselm of Havelberg ; 37. Crusades: Fall of Constantinople (1204-5): Innocent III: Balsamon ; 38. East-West Debates at Nicaea and Nymphaion ; 39. Purgatory ; 40. Michael Palaeologus' Renewed Quest for Unity: Pope Gregory X: Council of Lyon: Bekkos ; 41. Councils of Basel and Ferrara / Florence: Pope Eugenius IV ; Epilogue