In 1968, Veronica Lueken, a Catholic housewife in Bayside, Queens, New York, began to experience visions of the Virgin Mary. Over almost three decades, she imparted more than 300 messages from Mary, Jesus, and other heavenly personages. These revelations, which were sent all over the world through newsletters, billboards, and local television, severely criticized the liturgical changes of Vatican II and the wickedness of American society. Unless everyone repented, Lueken warned, a "fiery ball" would collide with the Earth, causing death and destruction around the world. When Catholic Church authorities tried to dismiss, discredit, and even banish her, Lueken declared Pope Paul VI a communist imposter, accused the Church of being in error since Vatican II, and sought new venues in which to communicate her revelations. Since her death in 1995, her followers have continued to gather in Flushing Meadows Park, Queens, to promote her message. Known as "the Baysiders," they believe that St. Robert Bellarmine's Church, where Lueken held vigils until they were banned, will someday become "the Lourdes of America" and that Lueken will be elevated to sainthood. Joseph P. Laycock draws on untapped archival materials and a wealth of ethnographic research to unfold the fascinating story of Veronica Lueken and the Baysiders. Scholars have characterized the Baysiders variously as a new religious movement, a form of folk piety, and a traditionalist sect, but members of the group regard themselves as loyal Catholics-maybe the last in existence. They are critical of the hierarchy, which they see as corrupted by modernism, but also spurn those ultra-traditionalist Catholic groups who believe that the papal see is vacant. Laycock shows how the Baysiders have deviated significantly from mainstream Catholic culture while keeping in dialogue with Church authorities; the persistence of the Baysiders and other Marian groups, he argues, has helped bring about greater amenability toward devotional culture and private revelation on the part of the hierarchy. The Seer of Bayside is an invaluable study of the perpetual struggle between lay Catholics and the institutional church over who holds the power to define Catholic culture.
