International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Madrid Code)

The members of the Editorial Committee of the Madrid Code are Nicholas J. Turland, Chair; John H. Wiersema, Secretary; Fred R. Barrie; Kanchi N. Gandhi; Julia Gravendyck; Werner Greuter; David L. Hawksworth; Patrick S. Herendeen; Ronell R. Klopper; Sandra Knapp; Wolf-Henning Kusber; De-Zhu Li; Tom W. May; Anna M. Monro; Jefferson Prado; Michelle J. Price; Gideon F. Smith; and Juan Carlos Zamora Señoret.

• PrefaceKey to renumbering between the Shenzhen Code and the Madrid CodeImportant dates in the CodeLatin terms and their abbreviations used in the CodePreamble  Division I. PrinciplesPrinciple I. IndependencePrinciple II. TypesPrinciple III. PriorityPrinciple IV. Single correct namePrinciple V. Latin namesPrinciple VI. Retroactivity  Division II. Rules and RecommendationsChapter I. Taxa and their ranksArticle 1. TaxaArticle 2. RanksArticle 3. Principal ranksArticle 4. Secondary and further ranksArticle 5. Order of ranksChapter II. Status, typification, and priority of namesSection 1. Status definitionsArticle 6Section 2. TypificationArticle 7. Typification in generalArticle 8. Specimens and gatheringsArticle 9. Categories and designation of typesArticle 10. Typification of names above the rank of speciesSection 3. Priority and status of namesArticle 11. Priority of namesArticle 12. Status of namesSection 4. Limitation of priorityArticle 13. Nomenclatural starting-pointsArticle 14. Conserved names[Article 15. Sanctioned names – see Article F.3]Chapter III. Nomenclature of taxa according to their rankSection 1. Names of taxa above the rank of familyArticle 16. Names above the rank of familyArticle 17. Names of orders and subordersSection 2. Names of families, subfamilies, tribes, and subtribesArticle 18. Names of familiesArticle 19. Names of subfamilies, tribes, and subtribesSection 3. Names of genera and subdivisions of generaArticle 20. Names of generaArticle 21. Names of subdivisions of generaArticle 22. Autonyms of subdivisions of generaSection 4. Names of speciesArticle 23Section 5. Names of taxa below the rank of species (infraspecific taxa)Article 24. Names of infraspecific taxaArticle 25. Sum of subordinate taxaArticle 26. Autonyms of infraspecific taxaArticle 27. Final epithet in names of infraspecific taxaSection 6. Names of organisms in cultivationArticle 28Chapter IV. Effective publicationArticle 29. Definition and conditions of effective publicationArticle 30. Further conditions of effective publicationArticle 31. Date of effective publicationChapter V. Valid publicationSection 1. Valid publication in generalArticle 32. General requirements for valid publicationArticle 33. Date of valid publicationArticle 34. Suppressed worksArticle 35. Further requirements for valid publicationArticle 36. Names not accepted by their authors, alternative namesArticle 37. Requirement of indication of rankSection 2. Valid publication of names of new taxaArticle 38. Requirement of description, diagnosis, or illustration with analysisArticle 39. Language of validating description or diagnosisArticle 40. Requirement of indication of typeSection 3. New combinations, names at new rank, and replacement namesArticle 41Section 4. Registration of names and nomenclatural actsArticle 42Section 5. Names in particular groupsArticle 43. Names of fossil-taxaArticle 44. Names of algaeArticle 45. Names in groups covered by other CodesChapter VI. Citation of namesArticle 46. Author citationsArticle 47. Names of altered taxa without exclusion of typeArticle 48. Names of altered taxa with exclusion of typeArticle 49. Parenthetical author citationsArticle 50. Transfer between the hybrid and non-hybrid categoryGeneral recommendations on citation [Recommendations 50A–50G]Chapter VII. Rejection of namesArticle 51. Limitation of rejectionArticle 52. Nomenclaturally superfluous namesArticle 53. HomonymsArticle 54. Inter-Code homonymyArticle 55. Limitation of illegitimacyArticle 56. Rejected namesArticle 57. Names used for taxa not including their typesArticle 58. Reuse of illegitimate names[Article 59. Names of fungi with a pleomorphic life cycle – see Article F.8]Chapter VIII. Orthography and gender of namesArticle 60. Orthography of namesArticle 61. Orthographical variants of namesArticle 62. Gender of namesChapter F. Names of organisms treated as fungi (Maastricht version)Section 1. Limitation of priorityArticle F.1. Nomenclatural starting-pointArticle F.2. Protected namesArticle F.3. Sanctioned namesSection 2. Valid publication and typification of namesArticle F.4. Misplaced rank-denoting termsArticle F.5. Registration of names and nomenclatural actsSection 3. Rejection of namesArticle F.6. HomonymsArticle F.7. Rejected namesSection 4. Names of fungi with a pleomorphic life cycleArticle F.8Section 5. Orthography of namesArticle F.9Section 6. Author citationsArticle F.10Section 7. Recommendations on types that are living culturesRecommendation F.11AChapter H. Names of hybridsArticle H.1. Indication of hybridsArticle H.2. Hybrid formulaeArticle H.3. Names of nothotaxaArticle H.4. Circumscription of nothotaxaArticle H.5. Ranks of nothotaxaArticle H.6. Nothogeneric names and condensed formulaeArticle H.7. Hybrids between subdivisions of generaArticle H.8. Parentage, nothogeneric names, and condensed formulaeArticle H.9. Valid publication of names of nothogenera and their subdivisionsArticle H.10. Valid publication of names of nothospecies and infraspecific nothotaxaArticle H.11. Nothotaxa with parents belonging to different higher-ranked taxaArticle H.12. Subordinate taxa within nothospecies  Division III. Provisions for governance of the CodeProvision 1. General provisions for governance of the CodeProvision 2. Proposals to amend the CodeProvision 3. Institutional votesProvision 4. Nomenclature SectionProvision 5. Procedures and voting at the Nomenclature SectionProvision 6. After an International Botanical CongressProvision 7. Permanent Nomenclature Committees [Membership, Functions, Procedural rules]Provision 8. Provisions for governance of the Code relating solely to names of organisms treated as fungi  Glossary. Definitions of terms used in this CodeAppendices I–VIIIndex of scientific namesSubject index