John E. Toews is the retired President of Conrad Grebel University College at the University of Waterloo, and the Academic Dean and Professor of New Testament Literature emeritus of the Fresno Pacific University Biblical Seminary.

Through careful reading of the Bible and centuries of interpretation of the biblical text, Toews demonstrates that the common understanding of original sin is not as old or as universal as many assume. This will unsettle some and excite others, but all will benefit from reflecting anew on this crucial topic.

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1 The Story of Sin in Genesis 3 2 The Story of Sin in Second Temple Judaism (200 BCE-200CE) 3 The Story of Sin in the Jesus Movement [Paul the Follower of Jesus] 4 The Story of Original Sin in the Greek Church Fathers (ca. 150-400 CE) 5 The Story of Original Sin in the Latin Church Fathers Prior to Augustine (200-400 CE) 6 Augustine's Theology of Original Sin (354-430) 7 Where Do We Go From Here? Toward a Constructive Proposal Bibliography

John E. Toews is the retired President of Conrad Grebel University College at the University of Waterloo, and the Academic Dean and Professor of New Testament Literature emeritus of the Fresno Pacific University Biblical Seminary.

Through careful reading of the Bible and centuries of interpretation of the biblical text, Toews demonstrates that the common understanding of original sin is not as old or as universal as many assume. This will unsettle some and excite others, but all will benefit from reflecting anew on this crucial topic.

• Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction 1 The Story of Sin in Genesis 3 2 The Story of Sin in Second Temple Judaism (200 BCE-200CE) 3 The Story of Sin in the Jesus Movement [Paul the Follower of Jesus] 4 The Story of Original Sin in the Greek Church Fathers (ca. 150-400 CE) 5 The Story of Original Sin in the Latin Church Fathers Prior to Augustine (200-400 CE) 6 Augustine's Theology of Original Sin (354-430) 7 Where Do We Go From Here? Toward a Constructive Proposal Bibliography