SANDEEP BALIGA Northwestern University, USASAMUEL BOWLES University of Massachusetts, USAADAM BRANDENBURGER New York University, USACOLIN F. CAMERER California Institute of Technology, USAROSS CRESSMAN Wilfred Laurier University, CanadaMARTIN W.CRIPPS University College London, UKMARTIN DUFWENBERG University of Arizona, USAHERBERT GINTIS University of Siena, Italy& University of Massachusetts, USAFARUK GUL Princeton University, USAJOSEPH Y. HALPERN Cornell University, USASERGIU HART The Hebrew University Jerusalem, IsraelAVIAD HEIFETZ The Open University, IsraelEHUD KALAI Northwestern University, USAMICHAEL KEARNS University of Pennsylvania, USAVIJAY KRISHNA Penn State University, USAJOHN O, LEDYARD California Institute of Technology, USAOLOF LEIMAR Stockholm University, SwedenKANDORI MICHIHIRO University of Tokyo, JapanJOHN MORGAN University of California Berkeley, USASTEPHEN MORRIS Princeton University, USAROGER B. MYERSON University of Chicago, USAJOHN NACHBAR Washington University, St Louis, USAMARTIN J. OSBORNE University of Toronto, Canada PHILIP J. RENY University of Chicago, USAWILLIAM H. SANDHOLM University of Wisconsin Madison, USAMARK A. SATTERTHWAITE Northwestern University, USAROBERTO SERRANO Brown University, USAMARCIANO SINISCALCHI Northwestern University, USATOMAS SJÖSTRÖM Rutgers University, USAXAVIER VIVES University of Navarra, SpainMARK WALKER University of Arizona, USAROBERT B. WILSONStanford University, USAJOHN WOODERS University of Arizona, USAPEYTON H. YOUNG Johns Hopkins University, USA

Praise for the 8-volume edition: Winner of the 2008 PROSE Award: Best Mutlivolume Reference Work in the Humanitiesand Social Sciences (from the Professional and Scholarly Division of the Association of American Publishers) CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2008 "Much has changed in the latest incarnation of this dictionary. ...More than 1,500 economists contributed almost 1,900 signed entries; more than 1,000 of the entries are new or 'heavily revised' and expanded. Along with the descriptions of economic method from earlier editions, this edition includes much information on 'what those methods have found.' It also offers new emphasis on advances that have occurred in microeconomics, Bayesian theory, game theory, and behavioral, international, and experimental economics. ...A regularly updated online version of the dictionary is available www.dictionaryofeconomics.com, with site license pricing based on institution type and FTE. Summing Up: Highly recommended

• Contents General Preface Introduction List of Contributors List of Entries Entries A-Z Index

SANDEEP BALIGA Northwestern University, USASAMUEL BOWLES University of Massachusetts, USAADAM BRANDENBURGER New York University, USACOLIN F. CAMERER California Institute of Technology, USAROSS CRESSMAN Wilfred Laurier University, CanadaMARTIN W.CRIPPS University College London, UKMARTIN DUFWENBERG University of Arizona, USAHERBERT GINTIS University of Siena, Italy& University of Massachusetts, USAFARUK GUL Princeton University, USAJOSEPH Y. HALPERN Cornell University, USASERGIU HART The Hebrew University Jerusalem, IsraelAVIAD HEIFETZ The Open University, IsraelEHUD KALAI Northwestern University, USAMICHAEL KEARNS University of Pennsylvania, USAVIJAY KRISHNA Penn State University, USAJOHN O, LEDYARD California Institute of Technology, USAOLOF LEIMAR Stockholm University, SwedenKANDORI MICHIHIRO University of Tokyo, JapanJOHN MORGAN University of California Berkeley, USASTEPHEN MORRIS Princeton University, USAROGER B. MYERSON University of Chicago, USAJOHN NACHBAR Washington University, St Louis, USAMARTIN J. OSBORNE University of Toronto, Canada PHILIP J. RENY University of Chicago, USAWILLIAM H. SANDHOLM University of Wisconsin Madison, USAMARK A. SATTERTHWAITE Northwestern University, USAROBERTO SERRANO Brown University, USAMARCIANO SINISCALCHI Northwestern University, USATOMAS SJÖSTRÖM Rutgers University, USAXAVIER VIVES University of Navarra, SpainMARK WALKER University of Arizona, USAROBERT B. WILSONStanford University, USAJOHN WOODERS University of Arizona, USAPEYTON H. YOUNG Johns Hopkins University, USA

Praise for the 8-volume edition: Winner of the 2008 PROSE Award: Best Mutlivolume Reference Work in the Humanitiesand Social Sciences (from the Professional and Scholarly Division of the Association of American Publishers) CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title 2008 "Much has changed in the latest incarnation of this dictionary. ...More than 1,500 economists contributed almost 1,900 signed entries; more than 1,000 of the entries are new or 'heavily revised' and expanded. Along with the descriptions of economic method from earlier editions, this edition includes much information on 'what those methods have found.' It also offers new emphasis on advances that have occurred in microeconomics, Bayesian theory, game theory, and behavioral, international, and experimental economics. ...A regularly updated online version of the dictionary is available www.dictionaryofeconomics.com, with site license pricing based on institution type and FTE. Summing Up: Highly recommended

• Contents General Preface Introduction List of Contributors List of Entries Entries A-Z Index