Fear of Freedom

Carlo Levi (1902-1975) was born in Turin and earned a degree in medicine, though he never formally practiced and instead gravitated toward painting and was an active participant in the anti-fascist underground. Twice arrested for his politics, and eventually exiled, he wrote a memoir entitled Christ Stopped at Eboli while hiding from the Nazis in Florence. After the Second World War, Levi divided his time between painting, politics (serving in the Italian Parliament), and writing. Upon his death, he was universally recognized as one of Europe's leading intellectuals. He is buried in Aliano.About the Editor:Stanislao G. Pugliese is professor of modern European history at Hofstra University. He has been a visiting research fellow at the Italian Academy for Advanced Studies at Columbia University, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, and the University of Oxford. He is the author of Carlo Rosselli: Socialist Heretic and Antifascist Exile and is presently writing a biography of the Italian writer Ignazio Silone.About the Translator:Adolphe Gourevitch was a Russian scholar and translator of E. A. Belyaev's Arabs, Islam, and the Arab Caliphate in the Early Middle Ages.

• List of Illustrations Translator's Preface Author's Preface Acknowledgments Introduction. The Fear of Freedom and the Eternal Tendency Toward Fascism, by Stanislao G. Pugliese Chronology of Carlo Levi's Life 1. Ab Jove Principium 2. Sacrifice 3. Love Sacred and Profane 4. Slavery 5. The Muses 6. Blood 7. Mass 8. Sacred History Fear of Painting Select Bibliography