Cornelius L. Bynum is an assistant professor of history at Purdue University.

"Bynum focuses on Randolph’s career in the 1920s, ’30s, and ’40s, when he was formulating his ideas on social justice, race, and class. . . . The result is a deeper look at the ideals that drove Randolph."--Booklist "Bynum does an excellent job of discussing Randolph's attempts to secure bargaining for the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. In doing so, he exposes the shameful behavior of the union movement in its unwillingness to accept blacks."--Labor Studies Journal "Bynum's well-researched monograph makes a useful contribution to the growing body of literature on the 'long' civil rights movement."--The Journal of American History "An intriguing intellectual history."--The Journal of Southern History "Bynum's book is lucid and an excellent work that can be used for both academic research and casual reading. . . . Bynum's research has opened a window to new scholarship on Randolph's thinking, his role in the civil rights movement, and his demands for accountability from the U.S. government."--H-1960s "Relating Randolph's racial, economic, and political thought to his efforts to address injustice, Bynum does an excellent job of positioning Randolph's ideology with that of his contemporaries on the political left. This study is ideal for students and scholars of twentieth-century African American history, labor history, and race relations."--Cary D. Wintz, editor of African American Political Thought, 1890–1930: Washington, Du Bois, Garvey, and Randolp

• Acknowledgments   viiIntroduction   ixPart 1. Building Black Identity at the Turn of the Century1. A. Philip Randolph, Racial Identity, and Family Relations: Tracing the Development of a Racial Self-Concept   32. Religious Faith and Black Empowerment: The AME Church and Randolph's Racial Identity and View of Social Justice   24Part 2. Constructing Class Consciousness in the Jazz Age3. Black Radicalism in Harlem: Randolph's Racial and Political Consciousness   474. Crossing the Color Line: Randolph's Transition from Race to Class Consciousness   63Part 3. The Rise of the New Crowd Negroes5. A New Crowd, A New Negro: The Messenger and New Negro Ideology in the 1920s   856. Black and White Unite: Randolph and the Divide between Class Theory and the Race Problem   101Part 4. Blending Race and Class7  Ridin' the Rails: Randolph and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters' Struggle for Union Recognition   1198. Where Class Consciousness Falls Short: Randolph and the Brotherhood's Standing in the House of Labor   1369. Marching Toward Fair Employment: Randolph, the Race/Class Connection, and the March on Washington Movement   157Epilogue: A. Philip Randolph's Reconciliation of Race and Class in African American Protest Politics   185Notes   201Bibliography   227Index   237Illustrations follow page 82

Cornelius L. Bynum is an assistant professor of history at Purdue University.

"Bynum focuses on Randolph’s career in the 1920s, ’30s, and ’40s, when he was formulating his ideas on social justice, race, and class. . . . The result is a deeper look at the ideals that drove Randolph."--Booklist "Bynum does an excellent job of discussing Randolph's attempts to secure bargaining for the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. In doing so, he exposes the shameful behavior of the union movement in its unwillingness to accept blacks."--Labor Studies Journal "Bynum's well-researched monograph makes a useful contribution to the growing body of literature on the 'long' civil rights movement."--The Journal of American History "An intriguing intellectual history."--The Journal of Southern History "Bynum's book is lucid and an excellent work that can be used for both academic research and casual reading. . . . Bynum's research has opened a window to new scholarship on Randolph's thinking, his role in the civil rights movement, and his demands for accountability from the U.S. government."--H-1960s "Relating Randolph's racial, economic, and political thought to his efforts to address injustice, Bynum does an excellent job of positioning Randolph's ideology with that of his contemporaries on the political left. This study is ideal for students and scholars of twentieth-century African American history, labor history, and race relations."--Cary D. Wintz, editor of African American Political Thought, 1890–1930: Washington, Du Bois, Garvey, and Randolp

• Acknowledgments   viiIntroduction   ixPart 1. Building Black Identity at the Turn of the Century1. A. Philip Randolph, Racial Identity, and Family Relations: Tracing the Development of a Racial Self-Concept   32. Religious Faith and Black Empowerment: The AME Church and Randolph's Racial Identity and View of Social Justice   24Part 2. Constructing Class Consciousness in the Jazz Age3. Black Radicalism in Harlem: Randolph's Racial and Political Consciousness   474. Crossing the Color Line: Randolph's Transition from Race to Class Consciousness   63Part 3. The Rise of the New Crowd Negroes5. A New Crowd, A New Negro: The Messenger and New Negro Ideology in the 1920s   856. Black and White Unite: Randolph and the Divide between Class Theory and the Race Problem   101Part 4. Blending Race and Class7  Ridin' the Rails: Randolph and the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters' Struggle for Union Recognition   1198. Where Class Consciousness Falls Short: Randolph and the Brotherhood's Standing in the House of Labor   1369. Marching Toward Fair Employment: Randolph, the Race/Class Connection, and the March on Washington Movement   157Epilogue: A. Philip Randolph's Reconciliation of Race and Class in African American Protest Politics   185Notes   201Bibliography   227Index   237Illustrations follow page 82