SUBRATA K. MITRA is Professor and Head of the Department of Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University, and a Visiting Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Dehli. He currently holds the posts of Executive Director of the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg, and President of the Research Committee of the International Sociological Association.MIKE ENSKAT is Policy Consultant with the GTZ, Eschborn, Germany, and former Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.CLEMENS SPIESS is Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.

• List of TablesList of FiguresPreface and AcknowledgmentsIntroduction by Subrata K. Mitra and Mike EnskatThe Indian National Congress: Problems of Survival and Reinvention by Harish KhareThe Bharatiya Janata Party: Hindu Nationalism and the Compulsions of Pluralism by Partha S. GhoshThe Communist Party of India (Marxist): From the Rebellion to Governance by Harihar BhattacharyyaThe Telugu Desam Party: The Dialectics of Regional Identity and National Politics by Prakash SarangiThe Muslim League: Decline of a National Party by Pervaiz Iqbal CheemaThe Pakistan People's Party: The Twin Legacies of Socialism and Dynastic Rule by Sayed Wiqar Ali ShahThe MQM of Pakistan: Between Political Party and Ethnic Movement by Mohammed WaseemThe Bangladesh Nationalist Party: From Military Rule to the Champion of Democracy by Golam HossaaineThe Awami League: From Charismatic Leadership to Political Party by Gyasuddin MollaThe United National Party of Sri Lanka: Reproducing Hegemony by Amita ShastriThe Tamil United National Front: Ethnic Hegemony, Unitary State Democracy, and the Dilemma of a Minority Party by C. Yuvi ThangarajahThe Nepali Congress: Party Agency and Nation-Building Process by Pancha N. MaharjanThe Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist): Ideology at the Crossroads by Ganga Bahadur Thapa and Karl-Heinz KraemerEpilogue: Rethinking Party Theory in the Light of South Asian Experience by Clemens SpießA Note on the ContributorsBibliography

SUBRATA K. MITRA is Professor and Head of the Department of Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University, and a Visiting Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Dehli. He currently holds the posts of Executive Director of the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg, and President of the Research Committee of the International Sociological Association.MIKE ENSKAT is Policy Consultant with the GTZ, Eschborn, Germany, and former Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.CLEMENS SPIESS is Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.

• List of TablesList of FiguresPreface and AcknowledgmentsIntroduction by Subrata K. Mitra and Mike EnskatThe Indian National Congress: Problems of Survival and Reinvention by Harish KhareThe Bharatiya Janata Party: Hindu Nationalism and the Compulsions of Pluralism by Partha S. GhoshThe Communist Party of India (Marxist): From the Rebellion to Governance by Harihar BhattacharyyaThe Telugu Desam Party: The Dialectics of Regional Identity and National Politics by Prakash SarangiThe Muslim League: Decline of a National Party by Pervaiz Iqbal CheemaThe Pakistan People's Party: The Twin Legacies of Socialism and Dynastic Rule by Sayed Wiqar Ali ShahThe MQM of Pakistan: Between Political Party and Ethnic Movement by Mohammed WaseemThe Bangladesh Nationalist Party: From Military Rule to the Champion of Democracy by Golam HossaaineThe Awami League: From Charismatic Leadership to Political Party by Gyasuddin MollaThe United National Party of Sri Lanka: Reproducing Hegemony by Amita ShastriThe Tamil United National Front: Ethnic Hegemony, Unitary State Democracy, and the Dilemma of a Minority Party by C. Yuvi ThangarajahThe Nepali Congress: Party Agency and Nation-Building Process by Pancha N. MaharjanThe Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist): Ideology at the Crossroads by Ganga Bahadur Thapa and Karl-Heinz KraemerEpilogue: Rethinking Party Theory in the Light of South Asian Experience by Clemens SpießA Note on the ContributorsBibliography

SUBRATA K. MITRA is Professor and Head of the Department of Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University, and a Visiting Fellow at the Centre for the Study of Developing Societies, Dehli. He currently holds the posts of Executive Director of the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg, and President of the Research Committee of the International Sociological Association.MIKE ENSKAT is Policy Consultant with the GTZ, Eschborn, Germany, and former Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.CLEMENS SPIESS is Lecturer in Political Science at the South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University.

• List of TablesList of FiguresPreface and AcknowledgmentsIntroduction by Subrata K. Mitra and Mike EnskatThe Indian National Congress: Problems of Survival and Reinvention by Harish KhareThe Bharatiya Janata Party: Hindu Nationalism and the Compulsions of Pluralism by Partha S. GhoshThe Communist Party of India (Marxist): From the Rebellion to Governance by Harihar BhattacharyyaThe Telugu Desam Party: The Dialectics of Regional Identity and National Politics by Prakash SarangiThe Muslim League: Decline of a National Party by Pervaiz Iqbal CheemaThe Pakistan People's Party: The Twin Legacies of Socialism and Dynastic Rule by Sayed Wiqar Ali ShahThe MQM of Pakistan: Between Political Party and Ethnic Movement by Mohammed WaseemThe Bangladesh Nationalist Party: From Military Rule to the Champion of Democracy by Golam HossaaineThe Awami League: From Charismatic Leadership to Political Party by Gyasuddin MollaThe United National Party of Sri Lanka: Reproducing Hegemony by Amita ShastriThe Tamil United National Front: Ethnic Hegemony, Unitary State Democracy, and the Dilemma of a Minority Party by C. Yuvi ThangarajahThe Nepali Congress: Party Agency and Nation-Building Process by Pancha N. MaharjanThe Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist-Leninist): Ideology at the Crossroads by Ganga Bahadur Thapa and Karl-Heinz KraemerEpilogue: Rethinking Party Theory in the Light of South Asian Experience by Clemens SpießA Note on the ContributorsBibliography