The need for constructive solutions to worldwide conflict and violence has stimulated some extremely productive research leading both to a clearer understanding of conflict and to the development of new modes of intervention. This Unesco Yearbook, which is drawn from an international symposium organized by the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) in collaboration with Unesco, distills current knowledge of the subject in twelve original studies of subnational and regional conflicts in societies ranging from nineteenth-century Europe to present-day South Africa.The introduction provides an overview of the different theoretical perspectives and empirical frameworks that have contributed to the work. Five essays focus on historical conflicts linked to political, social, cultural, or economic domination. The specific topics covered are landlord domination in nineteenth-century Ireland, peasant conflicts in pre-revolutionary Russia and China, European anti-semitism, and labor revolts in the Caribbean in the 1930s. The remaining chapters examine current conflicts related to ethnic and racial violence, human rights, genocide, the emergence of nations, and social pluralism, and explore international and regional responses to conflict. Several approaches to conflict resolution are described, and the goals and policy implications of each are discussed in detail. The authors make it clear that the importance of conflict resolution lies less in avoiding or suppressing conflict than in offering the means of using it creatively as an instrument of needed social change. Integrating historical and sociological modes of analysis with a thorough grasp of empirical detail, this work represents a landmark effort to come to grips with one of the most serious problems facing the world today. It will be ofinterest to academics, professionals, and policy-makers working in the areas of conflic resolution, international political economy, human rights, social change, ethnographic studies, and related fields.
