Diagnostic Ultrasound for Sonographers

Aya Kamaya, MD is an Associate Professor of Radiology at Stanford University. She is the Director of Ultrasound and Body Imaging Fellowship Director. Her clinical focuses are Oncologic Imaging, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Imaging, Urogenital Imaging, Gynecological Imaging, Thyroid Ultrasound, Ultrasound, and Diagnostic Radiology. Kamaya is the co-lead author from Diagnostic Ultrasound: Abdomen and Pelvis, 1e. Jade J. Wong-You-Cheong, MD is a Professor of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at the University of Maryland. She also has a secondary appointment in Surgery and is the Vice Chair of Quality and Patient Safety. Wong is the co-lead author from Diagnostic Ultrasound: Abdomen and Pelvis, 1e. Paula J. Woodward, MD, FSRU, is a David G. Bragg, MD and Marcia R. Bragg Presidential Endowed Chair in Oncologic Imaging and Professor of Radiology and Imaging Sciences as well asAdjunct Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecologyat University of Utah Health. She is also Consulting Radiologist with Grant Scott Bonham Fetal Center at Primary Children's Hospital in Salt Lake City, Utah.

• Abdomen Liver Anatomy and ApproachLiver Diffuse Parenchymal DiseaseAcute HepatitisHepatic CirrhosisHepatic SteatosisSinusoidal ObstructionCyst and Cyst-Like LesionsHepatic CystBiliary HamartomaBiliary Cystadenoma/CarcinomaBilomaPyogenic Hepatic AbscessAmebic Hepatic AbscessHepatic Hydatid CystHepatic MicroabscessesPeribiliary CystFocal Solid MassesHepatic Cavernous HemangiomaFocal Nodular HyperplasiaHepatic AdenomaHepatocellular CarcinomaHepatic MetastasesHepatic LymphomaVascular ConditionsTransjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)Portal HypertensionPortal Vein OcclusionBudd-Chiari SyndromePortal Vein GasLiver TransplantsLiver Transplant Hepatic Artery Stenosis/ThrombosisLiver Transplant Portal Vein Stenosis/ThrombosisLiver Transplant Hepatic Venous Stenosis/ThrombosisLiver Transplant Biliary StrictureBiliary SystemAnatomy and ApproachBiliary SystemGallstones and MimicsCholelithiasisEchogenic BileGallbladder PolypGallbladder Wall PathologyAcute Calculous CholecystitisAcute Acalculous CholecystitisChronic CholecystitisXanthogranulomatous CholecystitisPorcelain GallbladderGallbladder AdenomyomatosisGallbladder CarcinomaDuctal PathologyBiliary Ductal DilatationCholedochal CystCholedocholithiasisBiliary Ductal GasCholangiocarcinomaAcute CholangitisRecurrent Pyogenic CholangitisHIV-/AIDS-Related CholangiopathyPancreas Anatomy and ApproachPancreasPancreatitisAcute PancreatitisPancreatic PseudocystChronic PancreatitisSimple Cysts and Cystic NeoplasmsMucinous Cystic Pancreatic TumorSerous Cystadenoma of PancreasIntraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN)Solid-Appearing Pancreatic NeoplasmsPancreatic Ductal CarcinomaPancreatic Neuroendocrine TumorSolid Pseudopapillary NeoplasmSpleen Anatomy and ApproachSpleenSplenic LesionsSplenomegalySplenic CystSplenic TumorsSplenic InfarctUrinary Tract Anatomy and ApproachKidneysUreters and BladderNormal Variants and PseudolesionsColumn of Bertin, KidneyRenal Junctional LineRenal EctopiaHorseshoe KidneyUreteral DuplicationUreteral EctopiaUreteropelvic Junction ObstructionCalculi and CalcinosisUrolithiasisNephrocalcinosisHydronephrosisCysts and Cystic DisordersSimple Renal CystComplex Renal CystCystic Disease of DialysisMultilocular Cystic NephromaUrinary Tract InfectionAcute PyelonephritisRenal AbscessEmphysematous PyelonephritisPyonephrosisXanthogranulomatous PyelonephritisTuberculosis, Urinary TractSolid Renal NeoplasmsRenal Cell CarcinomaRenal MetastasesRenal AngiomyolipomaUpper Tract Urothelial CarcinomaRenal LymphomaVascular ConditionsRenal Artery StenosisRenal Vein ThrombosisRenal InfarctPerinephric HematomaBladder Bladder CarcinomaUreteroceleBladder DiverticulumBladder CalculiKidney TransplantRenal Transplant ComplicationsPerigraft Fluid CollectionsRenal Transplant HydronephrosisTransplant Renal Artery StenosisTransplant Renal Artery ThrombosisTransplant Renal Vein ThrombosisRenal Transplant Arteriovenous (AV) FistulaRenal Transplant PseudoaneurysmRenal Transplant RejectionDelayed Renal Graft FunctionAdrenal GlandAnatomy and ApproachAdrenal GlandsAdrenal LesionsAdrenal HemorrhageMyelolipomaAdrenal AdenomaAdrenal CystPheochromocytomaAdrenal CarcinomaAbdominal Wall/Peritoneal CavityAnatomy and ApproachAbdominal Lymph NodesPeritoneal CavityAbdominal WallAbdominal WallAbdominal Wall HerniaGroin HerniaPeritoneal CavityAscitesPeritoneal CarcinomatosisBowel Anatomy and ApproachBowel Bowel AbnormalitiesAppendicitisAppendiceal MucoceleIntussusceptionEpiploic AppendagitisDiverticulitisCrohn DiseasePelvis Male Pelvis Anatomy and ApproachProstate and Seminal Vesicles Testes and ScrotumPenis and UrethraScrotal LesionsTesticular Germ Cell TumorsGonadal Stromal Tumors, TestisTesticular Lymphoma/LeukemiaEpidermoid CystTubular Ectasia of Rete TestisTesticular MicrolithiasisTesticular Torsion/InfarctionUndescended TestisEpididymitis/OrchitisScrotal TraumaHydroceleSpermatocele/Epididymal CystAdenomatoid TumorVaricoceleProstatic HyperplasiaProstatic CarcinomaFemale PelvisAnatomy and ApproachUterusCervix VaginaOvariesCervical and Myometrial PathologyNabothian CystCervical CarcinomaAdenomyosisLeiomyomaUterine AnomaliesEndometrial DisordersHematometrocolposEndometrial PolypEndometrial CarcinomaEndometritisIntrauterine DeviceOvarian Cysts and Cystic NeoplasmsFunctional Ovarian CystHemorrhagic CystOvarian Hyperstimulation SyndromeSerous Ovarian Cystadenoma/CarcinomaMucinous Ovarian Cystadenoma/CarcinomaOvarian TeratomaPolycystic Ovarian SyndromeEndometriomaNonovarian Cystic MassesTuboovarian AbscessHydrosalpinxParovarian CystPeritoneal Inclusion CystVaginal and Vulvar CystsBartholin CystGartner Duct CystMiscellaneous Ovarian MassesSex Cord-Stromal TumorAdnexal/Ovarian TorsionOvarian Metastases Including Krukenberg TumorNeck Anatomy and ApproachThyroid and Parathyroid GlandsCervical Lymph NodesNeck Lesions Differentiated Thyroid CarcinomaAnaplastic Thyroid CarcinomaThyroid Non-Hodgkin LymphomaMultinodular GoiterColloid Cyst of ThyroidHashimoto ThyroiditisGraves DiseaseParathyroid AdenomaReactive AdenopathyMalignant Cervical Lymph NodesParotid TumorsSubmandibular SialadenitisVascular Anatomy and ApproachCarotid ArteriesVertebral ArteriesNeck VeinsAorta and Inferior Vena CavaIliac Arteries and VeinsLeg VesselsVascular LesionsJugular Vein ThrombosisCarotid Artery Dissection in NeckCarotid Stenosis/OcclusionVertebral Stenosis/OcclusionDeep Vein ThrombosisVaricose Veins/Incompetent PerforatorMusculoskeletal Anatomy and ApproachShoulder Groin Leg MusclesMusculoskeletal LesionsRotator Cuff/Biceps TendinosisRotator Cuff/Biceps Tendon TearBaker CystLipoma Epidermoid CystHematoma/SeromaSoft Tissue InfectionGanglion CystMuscle InjuryLigament InjuryObstetrics First TrimesterAnatomy and ApproachFirst TrimesterAbnormal Intrauterine GestationAbnormal and Failed First-Trimester PregnancyPerigestational HemorrhageComplete Hydatidiform MoleEctopic GestationTubal EctopicOther EctopicsBrain and SpineAnatomy and ApproachBrain and SpineBrain Exencephaly, AnencephalyCephaloceleHoloprosencephalyAgenesis of the Corpus CallosumChoroid Plexus CystArachnoid CystAqueductal StenosisChiari 2 MalformationDandy-Walker MalformationMega Cisterna MagnaVein of Galen Aneurysmal MalformationIntracranial Hemorrhage and EncephalomalciaAbsent Cavum Septi PellucidiSpine Spina BifidaCaudal Regression SequenceSacrococcygeal TeratomaFace and NeckAnatomy and ApproachFace and NeckFace and Neck LesionsCleft Lip, PalateCystic HygromaChest Anatomy and ApproachChest Chest LesionsCongenital Diaphragmatic HerniaCongenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM)Bronchopulmonary Sequestration (BPS)Heart Anatomy and ApproachCardiovascular SystemHeart DefectsAtrioventricular Septal DefectVentricular Septal DefectEbstein AnomalyHypoplastic Left HeartTetralogy of FallotTransposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)Truncus ArteriosusRhabdomyomaAbdominal Wall and Gastrointestinal TractAnatomy and ApproachAbdominal Wall and Gastrointestinal TractAbdominal Wall DefectsOmphaloceleGastroschisisBody Stalk AnomalyBladder ExstrophyBowel AbnormalitiesEsophageal AtresiaDuodenal AtresiaJejunal, Ileal AtresiaMeconium Peritonitis, PseudocystAnal AtresiaCloacal Malformation/Urogenital SinusHepatobiliary AbnormalitiesCholedochal CystGenitourinary TractAnatomy and ApproachGenitourinary TractKidneys and BladderUrinary Tract DilationDuplicated Collecting SystemOther Developmental VariantsBilateral Renal AgenesisEchogenic KidneysUreteropelvic Junction ObstructionObstructive Renal DysplasiaMulticystic Dysplastic KidneyPosterior Urethral ValvesPrune-Belly SyndromeAdrenal NeuroblastomaGenitalia Abnormal GenitaliaOvarian CystMusculoskeletalDysplasiasAchondrogenesisAchondroplasiaOsteogenesis ImperfectaThanatophoric DysplasiaExtremity MalformationsClubfoot and Rocker-Bottom FootRadial Ray MalformationAbnormal HandPlacenta, Membranes, and Umbilical CordPlacenta and Membrane AbnormalitiesPlacental AbruptionLow-Lying Placenta and PreviaVasa PreviaSuccenturiate LobeMorbidly Adherent PlacentaCircumvallate PlacentaMarginal and Velamentous Cord InsertionChorioangiomaUmbilical Cord AbnormalitiesSingle Umbilical ArteryUmbilical Vein VarixMultiple GestationsChorionicity and Amnionicity in TwinsTwin-Twin Transfusion SyndromeDiscordant Twin GrowthTwin Reversed Arterial PerfusionConjoined TwinsTriplets and BeyondAneuploidy Trisomy 21Trisomy 18Trisomy 13Turner Syndrome (45,X)Triploidy Syndromes and Multisystem DisordersAmniotic Band SyndromeBeckwith-Wiedemann SyndromeMeckel-Gruber SyndromePierre Robin SequenceSirenomeliaVACTERL AssociationInfection CytomegalovirusFluid, Growth, and Well-BeingParameters of Fetal Well-BeingFetal Growth RestrictionMacrosomiaFetal AnemiaHydrops Maternal Conditions in PregnancyMyoma in PregnancyMüllerian Duct Anomalies in PregnancyCervical Insufficiency/Short CervixRetained Products of ConceptionPediatric Brain Anatomy and ApproachBrain Brain PathologyGerminal Matrix HemorrhageSpine Anatomy and ApproachVertebral Column and Spinal Cord