PHILIP K. HITTI was born in Lebanon in 1886 and from 1913 til his death in 1978 lived for the most part in USA, teaching first at Columbia and later at Princeton, from which he retired in 1954 as Professor of Semitic Literature and Chairman of the Department of Oriental Languages.

'The outstanding quality and merit of Professor Hitti's book is the abundance and facility of its references to original and primary sources, and the richness of atmosphere in which every page is steeped.' - New York Times 'Philip Hitti's splendid masterwork...[is] an essential purchase for all our libraries...' - David Sasha, Sepharic Heritage Update

• Preface to the Revised Tenth Edition; W.KhalidiPreface to the Tenth EditionPreface to the First EditionPART I: THE PRE-ISLAMIC WORLDThe Arabs as Semites: Arabia the Cradle of the Semitic RaceThe Arabian Peninsular Bedouin LifeEarly International RelationsThe Sabaean and other States of South ArabiaThe Nabataean and other Petty Kingdoms of North and Central ArabiaAl-Hijaz on the Eve of the Rise of IslamPART II: THE RISE OF ISLAM AND THE CALIPHAL STATEMuhammad the Prophet of AllahThe Koran the Book of AllahIslam the Religion of Submission to the Will of AllahPeriod of Conquest, Expansion and Colonization, A.D. 632-61The Conquest of Syria Al-'Iraq and Persia Conquered Egypt, Tripolis and Barqah AcquiredThe Administration of the New PossessionsThe Struggle between 'Ali and Mu'awiyah for the CaliphatePART III: THE UMAYYAD AND 'ABBASID EMPIRESThe Umayyad Caliphate: Mu'awiyah Establishes a Dynasty Hostile Reactions with the ByzantinesThe Zenith of Umayyad Power Political Administration and Social Conditions under the UmayyadsIntellectual Aspects of Life under the Umayyads Decline and Fall of the Umayyad DynastyThe Establishment of the 'Abbasid DynastyThe Golden Prime of the 'AbbasidsThe 'Abbasid State 'Abbasid Society Scientific and Literary Progress EducationThe Development of Fine Arts Moslem SectsThe Caliphate Dismembered: Petty Dynasties in the West Sundry Dynasties in the EastThe Collapse of the 'Abbasid CaliphatePART IV: THE ARABS IN EUROPE: SPAIN AND SICILYConquest of Spain The Umayyad Amirate in Spain Civil DisturbancesThe Umayyad Caliphate of Cordova Political, Economic and Educational Institutions Petty States: Fall of Granada Intellectual ContributionsArt and Architecture In SicilyPART V: THE LAST OF THE MEDIEVAL MOSLEM STATESA Shi'ite Caliphate in Egypt: The Fatimids Life in Fatimid EgyptMilitary Contacts between East and West: The Crusades Cultural ContactsThe Mamluks, Last Medieval Dynasty of ArabWorld Intellectual and Artistic ActivityThe End of Mamluk RulePART VI: OTTOMAN RULE AND INDEPENDENCEThe Arab Lands as Turkish Provinces Egypt and the Arab CrescentThe Changing Scene: Impact of the WestIndex.

PHILIP K. HITTI was born in Lebanon in 1886 and from 1913 til his death in 1978 lived for the most part in USA, teaching first at Columbia and later at Princeton, from which he retired in 1954 as Professor of Semitic Literature and Chairman of the Department of Oriental Languages.

'The outstanding quality and merit of Professor Hitti's book is the abundance and facility of its references to original and primary sources, and the richness of atmosphere in which every page is steeped.' - New York Times 'Philip Hitti's splendid masterwork...[is] an essential purchase for all our libraries...' - David Sasha, Sepharic Heritage Update

• Preface to the Revised Tenth Edition; W.KhalidiPreface to the Tenth EditionPreface to the First EditionPART I: THE PRE-ISLAMIC WORLDThe Arabs as Semites: Arabia the Cradle of the Semitic RaceThe Arabian Peninsular Bedouin LifeEarly International RelationsThe Sabaean and other States of South ArabiaThe Nabataean and other Petty Kingdoms of North and Central ArabiaAl-Hijaz on the Eve of the Rise of IslamPART II: THE RISE OF ISLAM AND THE CALIPHAL STATEMuhammad the Prophet of AllahThe Koran the Book of AllahIslam the Religion of Submission to the Will of AllahPeriod of Conquest, Expansion and Colonization, A.D. 632-61The Conquest of Syria Al-'Iraq and Persia Conquered Egypt, Tripolis and Barqah AcquiredThe Administration of the New PossessionsThe Struggle between 'Ali and Mu'awiyah for the CaliphatePART III: THE UMAYYAD AND 'ABBASID EMPIRESThe Umayyad Caliphate: Mu'awiyah Establishes a Dynasty Hostile Reactions with the ByzantinesThe Zenith of Umayyad Power Political Administration and Social Conditions under the UmayyadsIntellectual Aspects of Life under the Umayyads Decline and Fall of the Umayyad DynastyThe Establishment of the 'Abbasid DynastyThe Golden Prime of the 'AbbasidsThe 'Abbasid State 'Abbasid Society Scientific and Literary Progress EducationThe Development of Fine Arts Moslem SectsThe Caliphate Dismembered: Petty Dynasties in the West Sundry Dynasties in the EastThe Collapse of the 'Abbasid CaliphatePART IV: THE ARABS IN EUROPE: SPAIN AND SICILYConquest of Spain The Umayyad Amirate in Spain Civil DisturbancesThe Umayyad Caliphate of Cordova Political, Economic and Educational Institutions Petty States: Fall of Granada Intellectual ContributionsArt and Architecture In SicilyPART V: THE LAST OF THE MEDIEVAL MOSLEM STATESA Shi'ite Caliphate in Egypt: The Fatimids Life in Fatimid EgyptMilitary Contacts between East and West: The Crusades Cultural ContactsThe Mamluks, Last Medieval Dynasty of ArabWorld Intellectual and Artistic ActivityThe End of Mamluk RulePART VI: OTTOMAN RULE AND INDEPENDENCEThe Arab Lands as Turkish Provinces Egypt and the Arab CrescentThe Changing Scene: Impact of the WestIndex.

PHILIP K. HITTI was born in Lebanon in 1886 and from 1913 til his death in 1978 lived for the most part in USA, teaching first at Columbia and later at Princeton, from which he retired in 1954 as Professor of Semitic Literature and Chairman of the Department of Oriental Languages.

'The outstanding quality and merit of Professor Hitti's book is the abundance and facility of its references to original and primary sources, and the richness of atmosphere in which every page is steeped.' - New York Times 'Philip Hitti's splendid masterwork...[is] an essential purchase for all our libraries...' - David Sasha, Sepharic Heritage Update

• Preface to the Revised Tenth Edition; W.KhalidiPreface to the Tenth EditionPreface to the First EditionPART I: THE PRE-ISLAMIC WORLDThe Arabs as Semites: Arabia the Cradle of the Semitic RaceThe Arabian Peninsular Bedouin LifeEarly International RelationsThe Sabaean and other States of South ArabiaThe Nabataean and other Petty Kingdoms of North and Central ArabiaAl-Hijaz on the Eve of the Rise of IslamPART II: THE RISE OF ISLAM AND THE CALIPHAL STATEMuhammad the Prophet of AllahThe Koran the Book of AllahIslam the Religion of Submission to the Will of AllahPeriod of Conquest, Expansion and Colonization, A.D. 632-61The Conquest of Syria Al-'Iraq and Persia Conquered Egypt, Tripolis and Barqah AcquiredThe Administration of the New PossessionsThe Struggle between 'Ali and Mu'awiyah for the CaliphatePART III: THE UMAYYAD AND 'ABBASID EMPIRESThe Umayyad Caliphate: Mu'awiyah Establishes a Dynasty Hostile Reactions with the ByzantinesThe Zenith of Umayyad Power Political Administration and Social Conditions under the UmayyadsIntellectual Aspects of Life under the Umayyads Decline and Fall of the Umayyad DynastyThe Establishment of the 'Abbasid DynastyThe Golden Prime of the 'AbbasidsThe 'Abbasid State 'Abbasid Society Scientific and Literary Progress EducationThe Development of Fine Arts Moslem SectsThe Caliphate Dismembered: Petty Dynasties in the West Sundry Dynasties in the EastThe Collapse of the 'Abbasid CaliphatePART IV: THE ARABS IN EUROPE: SPAIN AND SICILYConquest of Spain The Umayyad Amirate in Spain Civil DisturbancesThe Umayyad Caliphate of Cordova Political, Economic and Educational Institutions Petty States: Fall of Granada Intellectual ContributionsArt and Architecture In SicilyPART V: THE LAST OF THE MEDIEVAL MOSLEM STATESA Shi'ite Caliphate in Egypt: The Fatimids Life in Fatimid EgyptMilitary Contacts between East and West: The Crusades Cultural ContactsThe Mamluks, Last Medieval Dynasty of ArabWorld Intellectual and Artistic ActivityThe End of Mamluk RulePART VI: OTTOMAN RULE AND INDEPENDENCEThe Arab Lands as Turkish Provinces Egypt and the Arab CrescentThe Changing Scene: Impact of the WestIndex.