Dr Deepak Gusain is an assistant professor in the Department of EnvironmentalStudies in PGDAV (Evening) College, University of Delhi. He earned his master’sdegree in environmental studies from the University of Delhi and completed hisPh.D. at the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BanarasHindu University), Varansiin Varanasi, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at theInstitute for Water and Wastewater Technology in Durban University of Technology.His Ph.D. research focused on the remediation of chromium and cadmium fromaqueous solution using nanocrystalline material. In addition, he investigated theeffect of linear and nonlinear curve fitting on the estimation of isotherm and kineticand thermodynamic parameters during the adsorption process.Professor Faizal Bux is a professor and director of the Institute for Water andWastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology. His affiliations alsoinclude Fellow of the International Water Association, Royal Society of Chemistry,and Water Institute of Southern Africa and he is a member of the Academy of Scienceof South Africa. He has won several national and international awards and publishedextensively. Professor Faizal Bux’s group works on wastewater treatment and reuse,wastewater beneficiation, and health-related microbiology, bioremediation, algal biotechnology,and constructed wetlands.

• ContentsAcknowledgement.....................................................................................................viiList of Abbreviations.................................................................................................ixEditors..................................................................................................................... xiiiContributors..............................................................................................................xvChapter 1 Introduction...........................................................................................1Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 2 Adsorbents: Classification, Characteristics, Chemical Nature,and Interaction with Contaminants.......................................................9Shikha Dubey, Deepak Gusain, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 3 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Major Toxic Elements(Vanadium, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Strontium, Cadmium,Mercury, Lead, Uranium) Via Batch Adsorption Process.................. 41Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 4 Remediation of Essential Elements Exerting Toxicity onExcessive Exposure (Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se) Via Batch Adsorptionin Response to Variable Factors and Elucidation of theMechanism for the Batch Adsorption Process.................................. 133Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 5 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Miscellaneous (Fe, Cs)and Nontoxic Elements (Sc, Ti, Ga, Ge) Via BatchAdsorption Process........................................................................... 183Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 6 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Anions (Fluoride,Nitrate, Perchlorate, and Sulfate) Via Batch Adsorption Processes............... 201Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 7 Impact of Initial Concentration, Adsorbent Dose, and IonicStrength on Batch Adsorption of Metals and Anions andElucidation of the Mechanism........................................................... 239Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 8 Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies for BatchAdsorption of Metals and Anions, and Management ofAdsorbents after the Adsorption Process..........................................249Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxReferences..............................................................................................................269Index....................................................................................................................... 313

Dr Deepak Gusain is an assistant professor in the Department of EnvironmentalStudies in PGDAV (Evening) College, University of Delhi. He earned his master’sdegree in environmental studies from the University of Delhi and completed hisPh.D. at the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BanarasHindu University), Varansiin Varanasi, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at theInstitute for Water and Wastewater Technology in Durban University of Technology.His Ph.D. research focused on the remediation of chromium and cadmium fromaqueous solution using nanocrystalline material. In addition, he investigated theeffect of linear and nonlinear curve fitting on the estimation of isotherm and kineticand thermodynamic parameters during the adsorption process.Professor Faizal Bux is a professor and director of the Institute for Water andWastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology. His affiliations alsoinclude Fellow of the International Water Association, Royal Society of Chemistry,and Water Institute of Southern Africa and he is a member of the Academy of Scienceof South Africa. He has won several national and international awards and publishedextensively. Professor Faizal Bux’s group works on wastewater treatment and reuse,wastewater beneficiation, and health-related microbiology, bioremediation, algal biotechnology,and constructed wetlands.

• ContentsAcknowledgement.....................................................................................................viiList of Abbreviations.................................................................................................ixEditors..................................................................................................................... xiiiContributors..............................................................................................................xvChapter 1 Introduction...........................................................................................1Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 2 Adsorbents: Classification, Characteristics, Chemical Nature,and Interaction with Contaminants.......................................................9Shikha Dubey, Deepak Gusain, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 3 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Major Toxic Elements(Vanadium, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Strontium, Cadmium,Mercury, Lead, Uranium) Via Batch Adsorption Process.................. 41Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 4 Remediation of Essential Elements Exerting Toxicity onExcessive Exposure (Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se) Via Batch Adsorptionin Response to Variable Factors and Elucidation of theMechanism for the Batch Adsorption Process.................................. 133Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 5 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Miscellaneous (Fe, Cs)and Nontoxic Elements (Sc, Ti, Ga, Ge) Via BatchAdsorption Process........................................................................... 183Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 6 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Anions (Fluoride,Nitrate, Perchlorate, and Sulfate) Via Batch Adsorption Processes............... 201Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 7 Impact of Initial Concentration, Adsorbent Dose, and IonicStrength on Batch Adsorption of Metals and Anions andElucidation of the Mechanism........................................................... 239Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 8 Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies for BatchAdsorption of Metals and Anions, and Management ofAdsorbents after the Adsorption Process..........................................249Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxReferences..............................................................................................................269Index....................................................................................................................... 313

Dr Deepak Gusain is an assistant professor in the Department of EnvironmentalStudies in PGDAV (Evening) College, University of Delhi. He earned his master’sdegree in environmental studies from the University of Delhi and completed hisPh.D. at the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BanarasHindu University), Varansiin Varanasi, followed by a postdoctoral fellowship at theInstitute for Water and Wastewater Technology in Durban University of Technology.His Ph.D. research focused on the remediation of chromium and cadmium fromaqueous solution using nanocrystalline material. In addition, he investigated theeffect of linear and nonlinear curve fitting on the estimation of isotherm and kineticand thermodynamic parameters during the adsorption process.Professor Faizal Bux is a professor and director of the Institute for Water andWastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology. His affiliations alsoinclude Fellow of the International Water Association, Royal Society of Chemistry,and Water Institute of Southern Africa and he is a member of the Academy of Scienceof South Africa. He has won several national and international awards and publishedextensively. Professor Faizal Bux’s group works on wastewater treatment and reuse,wastewater beneficiation, and health-related microbiology, bioremediation, algal biotechnology,and constructed wetlands.

• ContentsAcknowledgement.....................................................................................................viiList of Abbreviations.................................................................................................ixEditors..................................................................................................................... xiiiContributors..............................................................................................................xvChapter 1 Introduction...........................................................................................1Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 2 Adsorbents: Classification, Characteristics, Chemical Nature,and Interaction with Contaminants.......................................................9Shikha Dubey, Deepak Gusain, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 3 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Major Toxic Elements(Vanadium, Chromium, Nickel, Arsenic, Strontium, Cadmium,Mercury, Lead, Uranium) Via Batch Adsorption Process.................. 41Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 4 Remediation of Essential Elements Exerting Toxicity onExcessive Exposure (Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Se) Via Batch Adsorptionin Response to Variable Factors and Elucidation of theMechanism for the Batch Adsorption Process.................................. 133Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 5 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Miscellaneous (Fe, Cs)and Nontoxic Elements (Sc, Ti, Ga, Ge) Via BatchAdsorption Process........................................................................... 183Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 6 Impact of Factors on Remediation of Anions (Fluoride,Nitrate, Perchlorate, and Sulfate) Via Batch Adsorption Processes............... 201Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma and Faizal BuxChapter 7 Impact of Initial Concentration, Adsorbent Dose, and IonicStrength on Batch Adsorption of Metals and Anions andElucidation of the Mechanism........................................................... 239Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxChapter 8 Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Studies for BatchAdsorption of Metals and Anions, and Management ofAdsorbents after the Adsorption Process..........................................249Deepak Gusain, Shikha Dubey, Yogesh Chandra Sharma, and Faizal BuxReferences..............................................................................................................269Index....................................................................................................................... 313