Paweł Gmyrek (Mr.) holds a PhD in Political Science and International Relations from University of Geneva, Switzerland, and a Master’s degree from Warsaw School of Economics, Poland. In parallel to his academic work, he has been staff member of the International Labour Office since 2008, where is he currently engaged as Senior Policy Analyst in the Office of the Deputy Director-General for Field Operations and Partnerships.

• Introduction 1 Key concepts, definitions, and scope 2 A world to gain: policy advantages of commercial country earmarking 3 What else explains earmarking? Lessons from the literature 4 Multi-bi aid data 5 Country-earmarking in practice: the empirics 6 Breaking down the numbers: what did we learn? 7 Conclusion: Policy implications

Paweł Gmyrek (Mr.) holds a PhD in Political Science and International Relations from University of Geneva, Switzerland, and a Master’s degree from Warsaw School of Economics, Poland. In parallel to his academic work, he has been staff member of the International Labour Office since 2008, where is he currently engaged as Senior Policy Analyst in the Office of the Deputy Director-General for Field Operations and Partnerships.

• Introduction 1 Key concepts, definitions, and scope 2 A world to gain: policy advantages of commercial country earmarking 3 What else explains earmarking? Lessons from the literature 4 Multi-bi aid data 5 Country-earmarking in practice: the empirics 6 Breaking down the numbers: what did we learn? 7 Conclusion: Policy implications

Paweł Gmyrek (Mr.) holds a PhD in Political Science and International Relations from University of Geneva, Switzerland, and a Master’s degree from Warsaw School of Economics, Poland. In parallel to his academic work, he has been staff member of the International Labour Office since 2008, where is he currently engaged as Senior Policy Analyst in the Office of the Deputy Director-General for Field Operations and Partnerships.

• Introduction 1 Key concepts, definitions, and scope 2 A world to gain: policy advantages of commercial country earmarking 3 What else explains earmarking? Lessons from the literature 4 Multi-bi aid data 5 Country-earmarking in practice: the empirics 6 Breaking down the numbers: what did we learn? 7 Conclusion: Policy implications